Ethanolic extract of Carissa edulis ameliorates dimethoate induced renal damage in male guinea pigs
Paper Details
Ethanolic extract of Carissa edulis ameliorates dimethoate induced renal damage in male guinea pigs
Abstract
Carissa edulis (CE), belongs to family Apocyanaceae, is used traditionally to treat many diseases such as headache, cough, rheumatism, epilepsy, syphilis and fever. Our objective aimed to study the ameliorative of Carissa edulis (CE) ethanolic extract against dimethoate (DM)-induced renal damage. Healthy adult male guinea pigs were randomly divided into five groups of five animals each. The first group was served as a control group and administered with vehicle orally; the group II administered with DM (14 mg/kg;1/25 LD50) orally. Animals of group III, IV and V were administered with 100 mg/kg of CE extract, 200 mg/kg of CE extract, and 100 mg/kg Liv-52 orally half hour before DM administration respectively. All the previous administrations were repeated daily for 21 days. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and blood was collected from portal vein for biochemical tests. The kidney was removed for histology and lipid peroxidation (LPO)–antioxidant test. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SPSS. DM caused renal damage as evidenced by elevated urea, creatinine and glucose levels in Group II as compared with Group I. Administration of CE in Group III and group VI caused amelioration and reduction in the rise of blood urea, creatinine and glucose compared with group II. In addition, there was increased LPO and decreased in catalase and GST activities in DM group, while CE significantly reversed the changes toward normal values. Histological examination of DM group showed many pathohistological alterations such as cellular degeneration, vacuolization, hyaline casts, dilatation, necrosis, glomerular atrophy, and infiltration. The ethanolic extract of CE has ameliorative effects against DM-induced renal damage in guinea pigs.
Abbassy MA, Marzouk MA, Mansour SA, Shaldam HA, Mossa AH. 2014. Impact of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation induced by lambdacyhalothrin on p450 in male rats: the ameliorating effect of zinc. Journal of Environmental Analytical Toxicology 4, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000218
Abdel-Daim MM. 2016. Synergistic protective role of ceftriaxone and ascorbic acid against subacute diazinon-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Cytotechnology 68, 279-289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-014-9779-z
Achenbach H, Waible R, Addae-Mensah I. 1985. Sesquiterpenes from Carissa edulis. Phytochemistry 24, 749–753. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0031-9422(00)83035-6
Achenbach H, Weibal R Addac-mensah I. 1983. Lignins from Carissa edulis. Phytochemistry 24, 2325-2328. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0031-9422(00)86976-9
Aebi H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymology 105, 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05016-3
Ahmad I, Aqil F, Owais M. 2006. Modern Phytomedicine: Turning Medicinal Plants into Drugs. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F9783527609987
Akhgari M, Abdollahi M, Kebryaeezadeh A, Hosseini R, Sabzevari O. 2003. Biochemical evidence for free radicalinduced lipid peroxidation as a mechanism for subchronic toxicity of malathion in blood and liver of rats. Human & Experimental Toxicology 22, 205–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327103ht346oa.
Alarami AM. 2015. Histopathological changes in the liver and kidney of albino mice on exposure to insecticide, dimethoate. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 4(7), 287-300.
Al-Attar AM. 2015. Effect of grapeseed oil on diazinon-induced physiological and histopathological alterations in rats. audi Journal of Biological Sciences 22, 284e292. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sjbs.2014.12.010
Al-Attar AM, Abu Zeid IM. 2013. Effect of tea (Camellia sinensis) and olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves extracts on male mice exposed to diazinon. BioMed Research International, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/461415
Al-Attar AM, Elnaggar MH, Almalki EA. 2017. Protective effect of some plant oils on diazinon induced hepatorenal toxicity in male rats. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 24(6), 1162–1171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.10.013
Al-Awthan YS, Bahattab OS. 2019. Protective role of Carissa edulis ethanolic extract against dimethoate-induced hepatotoxicity in guinea pigs. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 22(6), 299-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2019.299.308
Al-Awthan YS, Al-Duais MA, El-Sokkary GH, Aqlan EM. 2014a. Protective Effects of Vitamins C and E on Dimethoate- Induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Guinea Pigs. Annual Research and Review of Biology 4(24), 4023-4033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajbs.2012.9.19
Al-Awthan YS, Al-Duais MA, El-Sokkary GH. Aqlan EM. 2012. Dimethoate-Induced Oxidative Stress in Guinea Pig Liver and the Protective Effect of Vitamin C and E. Asian Journal of Biological Sciences 5(1), 9-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajbs.2012.9.19
Al-Awthan YS, Hezabr SM, Al-Zubairi AM, Al-Hemiri FA. 2014b. Effects of aqueous extract of Withania somnifera on some liver biochemical and histopathological parameters in male guinea pigs. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 17(4), 504-510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2014.504.510
Al-Youssef HM, Hassan WHB. 2014. Phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Carissa edulis vahl: a review. International Journal of Current Research in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences 1(9), 12-24.
Al-Youssef HM, Hassan WHB. 2010. Phytochemical and biological studies of the aerial parts of Carissa edulis growing in Saudi Arabia. International Research Journal of Bioscience and Biotechnology 7, 635-646.
Astiz M, de Alaniz MJT, Marra CA. 2009. Effect of pesticides on cell survival in rat liver and brain. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 72, 2025e2032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.05.001
Attia AA, Nasr HM. 2009. Dimethoate-induced changes in biochemical parameters of experimental rat serum and its neutralization by black seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil. Slovak Journal of Animal Science 4, 87-94.
Banerjee BD, Seth V, Ahmed RS. 2001. Pesticide-induced oxidative stress: perspective and trends. Reviews on Environmental Health 16, 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/REVEH.2001.16.1.1.
Bartels H, Bohmer M. 1972. Serum creatinine determination without protein precipitation. Clinica Chimica Acta, 37, 193.
Beydilli H, Yilmaz N, Cetin ES, Topal Y, Celik OI, Sahin C, Topal H, Cigerci IH, Sozen H. 2015. Evaluation of the protective effect of silibinin against diazinon induced hepatotoxicity and free-radical damage in rat liver. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 17, e25310. https://dx.doi.org/10.5812%2Fircmj.17(4)2015.25310
Čolović MB, Krstić DZ, Lazarević-Pašti TD, Bondžić AM, Vesna Vasić M. 2013. Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Pharmacology and Toxicology. Current Neuropharmacology 11(3), 315–335. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X11311030006
Date J, Tanida N, Hobara T. 2004. Qat chewing and pesticides: a study of adverse health effects in people of the mountainous areas of Yemen. International Journal of Environmental Health Research 14(6), 405-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603120400012884
Demsie DG, Yimer EM, Berhe AH, Altaye BM, Berhe DF. 2019. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of crude root extract and solvent fractions of Cucumis ficifolius in mice model. Journal of Pain Research 12, 1399–1409. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S193029
Díaz-Resendiz KJG, Toledo-Ibarra G. A, Girón-Pérez MI. 2015. Modulation of Immune Response by Organophosphorus Pesticides: Fishes as a Potential Model in Immunotoxicology. Journal of Immunology Research 1, 1-10. https://dx.doi.org/10.1155%2F2015%2F213836
El-Bini DI, Lasram MM, Abdeladhim M, Gharbi N, Ben Ahmed M, El-Fazaa S, 2014. Immunosuppression and oxidative stress induced by subchronic exposure to carbosulfan in rat spleen; immunomodulatory and antioxidant role of Nacetylcysteine. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 24 (6), 417e427. https://doi.org/10.3109/15376516.2014.928764
El-Fiky FK, Abou-Karam MA, Afify EA. 1996. Effect of Luffa aegyptiaca (seeds) and Carissa edulis (leaves) extracts on blood glucose level of normal and streptozotocin diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 50, 43-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(95)01324-5
Elhalwagy ME, Darwish NS, Zaher EM. 2008. Prophylactic effect of green tea polyphenols against liver and kidney injury induced by fenitrothion insecticide. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 91, 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2008.01.006
Farag AA, Kotb GA, Hamza AH, Mahmoud RH, Elhalwagy ME. 2016. Subchronic impact of organophosphorus insecticide triazophos on liver, kidneys and thyroid in albino rats. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences 3, 199-208.
Friedman RB, young DS. 1997. Effects of disease on clinical laboratory tests, 3th ed, AACC press, Washington, DC.
Galloway T, Handy R. 2003. Immunotoxicity of organophosphorous pesticides. Ecotoxicology 12, 345–363. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022579416322
Giday M. 2001. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Zay people in Ethiopia. CMB: Skriftserie 3, 81-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00359-8
Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jaboky WB. 1974. Glutation-S-transferase: The first enzymatic step in Mercapturic acid formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 294, 7130-7139. PubMed.
Hassan AA, Minatogawa Y, Hirai T, Kido R. 1994. Changes of some serum parameters and amino acids content in rats after chronic sublethal doses of dimethoate. Archives of Environmental Contamination Toxicology 27(2), 256-259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214271
Heikal TM, Ghanem HZ, Soliman MS. 2011. Protective effect of green tea extracts against dimethoate induced DNA damage and oxidant/antioxidant status in male rats. Biohealth Science Bulletin, 3, 1-11.
Heikal TM, Mossa AH, Nawwar GA, El-Sherbiny M, Ghanem HZ. 2012. Protective effect of a synthetic antioxidant “acetyl gallate derivative” against dimethoate induced DNA damage and oxidant/antioxidant status in male rats. Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology, 2(7), 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000155
Hodgson E, Goldstein JA. 2001. Metabolism of toxicants: phase I reactions and pharmacogenetics. In: Hodgson E, Smart RC, editors. Introduction to biochemical toxicology. New York: Wiley; 67–113. http://opac1.lib.ubu.ac.th/medias/pdf/book1/contents/b35145.pdf
Hou Y, Zeng Y Li S, Qi L, Xu W, Wang H, Zhao X, Sun C. 2014. Effect of quercetin against dichlorvos induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 66, 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2014.01.007
Husak VV, Mosiichuk NM, Maksymiv IV, Sluchyk IY, Storey JM, Storey KB, Lushchak VI. 2014. Histopathological and biochemical changes in goldfish kidney due to exposure to the herbicide Sencor may be related to induction of oxidative stress. Aquatic Toxicology 155, 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.06.020
Ibrahim H, Abdurrahman EM, Shok M, Ilyas N, Musa KY, Ikandu I. 2007. Comparative Analgesic Activity of the Root Bark, Stem Bark, Leaves, fruits and Seed of Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae). African Journal of Biotechnology 6 (10), 1233–1235.
Ibrahim H, Bolaji RO, Abdurahman EM, Shok, M, Ilyas N, Habib AG. 2005. Preliminary phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of the leaves of Carissa edulis Vahl. Chem Class Journal 2, 15–18.
Jawaid T, Argal S, Singh S. 2011. Botanicals and herbs: A traditional approach in treatment of epilepsy. Journal Pharmacology Research 4, 1138-1140.
Kalender S, Kalender Y, Durak D, Ogutcu A, Uzunhisarcikli M, Cevrimli SC, Yildirim M. 2007. Methyl parathion induced nephrotoxicity in male rats and protective role of vitamins C and E. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 88, 213–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2006.11.007.
Kamath V, Joshi AKR, Rajini P. 2008. Dimethoate induced biochemical perturbations in rat pancreas and its attenuation by cashew nut skin extract. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 90(1), 58- 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.pestbp.2007.07.007
Kaur S, Dhanju CK. 2005. Biochemical effects of some organophosphorus pesticides on the ovaries of albino rats. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 49(2), 148-52.
Kebenei JS, Naalut PK, Sabah AO. 2011. Anti-plasmodial activity of Nortrachelogenin from the root bark of Carissa edulis (vahl). International Journal of Applied Research in Natural Products 4, 1–5.
Kirira PG, Rukungo GM, Wanyonyi AW. 2006. Antiplasmodial activity and toxicity of extracts of plants used in traditional malaria therapy in Meru and Kilifi Districts of Kenya. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 106, 403-407. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jep.2006.01.017
Koch A, Amez PT, Pezzuto J, Soejarto DJ. 2005. Evaluation of plants used for antimalarial treatment by the Maasai of Kenya. Ethnopharmacology 101, 95–99.
Koner BC, Banerjee BD, Ray A. 1998. Organochlorine pesticide induced oxidative stress and immune suppression in rats. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 36, 395–398.
Kutchan T, Gershenzon J, Møller BL, Gang D. 2015. Natural products. In: Buchanan BB, Gruissem W, Jones RL, eds. Biochemistry and molecular biology of plants. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 1132–1206.
Li S, Cao C, Shi H, Yang S, Qi L, Zhao X, Sun C. 2016. Effect of quercetin against mixture of four organophosphate pesticides induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Xenobiotica, 46, 225-233. https://doi.org/10.3109/00498254.2015.1070443
Lowry OH, Rosebrugh NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265–275.
Mahady GB. 2001. Global harmonization of herbal health claims. Journal of Nutrition 131, 1120S-1123S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.3.1120S
Mahjoubi-Samet A, Fetoui H, Zeghal N. 2008. Nephrotoxicity induced by Dimethoate in adult rats and their suckling pups. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 91, 96-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2008.01.009
Martínez-Morcillo S, Pérez-López M, Soler-Rodríguez F, González A. 2019. The organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate decreases cell viability and induces changes in different biochemical parameters of rat pancreatic stellate cells. Toxicology in Vitro 54, 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2018.09.011
Mekaconnen N, Urga K. 2004. Diuretic effect of the crude extracts of Carissa edulis in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 95, 57–61.
Mohamed K, Ali E. 2014. Modulatory effect of vitamin E against diazinon induced oxidative stress in lymphoid organs in rats. International Journal of Academic Research 6, 116-122.
Mohnsen M. 2001. Biochemical and histopathological changes in serum creatinine and kidney induced by inhalation of thimet (phorate) in male swiss albino Mouse, Mus musculus. Environtal Research 87, 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1006/enrs.2001.4285
Nedi T, Mekonnen N, Urqa K. 2004. Diuretic effect of the crude extract of Carissa edulis in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 95, 57-61. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jep.2004.06.017
Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. 1979. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry, 95, 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3
Oncu M, Gultekin E, Karaoz E, Altuntas I, Delibas N. 2002. Nephrotoxicity in rats induced by chlorpyrifos ethyl and ameliorating effects of antioxidants. Human Experimental Toxicology, 21, 223–230.
Owda MJ. 2003. Hepatic and renal toxicity of dimethoate in male domestic rabbit. Islamic University – Gaza, Faculty of science, Master Degree of Biological Science/ Zoology.
Padma VV, Baskaran R, Roopesh RS, Poornima P. 2012. Quercetin attenuates lindane induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats. Molecular Biology Reports 39, 6895-6905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-012-1516-0
Padma VV, Sowmya P, Felix TA, Baskaran R, Poornima P. 2011. Protective effect of gallic acid against lindane induced toxicity in experimental rats. Food Chemistry and Toxicology 49, 991-998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.01.005
Pal DR, Kulshreshtha RP, Rastoqi A. 1975. A new lignan from Carissa carandas. Phytochemistry, 14, 2302–2303. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS00319422(00)91126-9
Pincemail J, Bonjean K, Cayeux K, Defraigne JO. 2002. Me’canismes physiologiques of fenseantioxydante of’ [Physiological Action of antioxidant defenses]. Nutrition and Clinical Metabolism 16, 233–239.
Sarhan OMM, Al-Sahhaf ZY. 2011. Histological and biochemical effects of diazinon on liver and kidney of rabbits. Life Sciences Journal 8, 1183-1189.
Sayim F. 2007. Histopathological effects of dimethoate on testes of rats. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 78, 479–484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-007-9196-5.
Selmi S, Tounsi H, Safra I, Abdellaoui A, Rjeibi MR, El-Fazaa S, Gharbi N. 2015. Histopathological, biochemical and molecular changes of reproductive function after malathion exposure of prepubertal male mice. Royal Society of Cemetery Advisor 5, 13743.
Selmi S, Rtibi K, Grami D, Sebai H, Marzouki L. 2018. Malathion, an organophosphate insecticide, provokes metabolic, histopathologic and molecular disorders in liver and kidney in prepubertal male mice. Toxicology Reports 5, 189-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.12.021
Sharma Y, Bashir S, Irshad M, Nagc TC. Dogra TD. 2005. Dimethoate-induced effects on antioxidant status of liver and brain of rats following subchronic exposure. Toxicology 215, 173–181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2005.06.029.
Sharma Y, Bashir S, Irshad M, Gupt SD, Dogra TD. 2005. Effects of acute Dimethoate administration on antioxidant status of liver and brain of experimental rats. Toxicology 206, 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.06.062
Stohs SJ, Bagchi D. 1995. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions. Free Radical Biology Medicine 18, 321–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(94)00159-h
Sulak O, Altuntas I, Karahan N, Yildirim B, Akturk O, Yilmaz HR, Delibas N. 2005. Nephrotoxicity in rats induced by organophosphate insecticide methidathion and ameliorating effects of vitamins E and C. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 82, 21-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2005.03.008
Tatli II, Sahpaz S, Akkol EK, Martin Nizard F, Gressier B, Ezer N, Bailleul F. 2009. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities of Turkish medicinal plants. Pharmaceutical Biology 47, 916–921. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200902962731
Tietz NW. 1995. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd Edition, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
Tolo FM, Rukungo GM, Muli FW. 2006. Anti-viral activity of the extracts of a Kenyan medicinal plant Carissa edulis against herpes simplex virus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology104, 92-99.
Tolo FM, Rukungo GM, Muli FW, Ochora JM, Irungu BN, Muthauru CN, Wanjiku CK, Mungai GM, Quang N, Hashimoto K, Asakaw Y. 2010. The antiviral activity of compounds isolated from Kenyan Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl. Journal of medicinal plant research 4(15), 1517–1522.
Wangteeraprasert R, Likhitwitayawuid K. 2009. Lignans and a sesquiterpene glucoside from Carissa carandas stem. Helvetica Chimca Acta, 92(6), 1217-1223. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4607
World Health Organization (WHO). 2000. General Guidelines for Methodologies on Research and Evaluation of Traditional Medicine, WHO/EDM/TRM/2000.1, World Health Organization, Geneva.
World Health Organization (WHO). 2016. The Impact of Pesticides on Health: Preventing Intentional and Unintentional Deaths from Pesticide Poisoning.
Ya‘u J, Yaro AH, Abubakar MS, Hussaini IM. 2008. Anticonvulsant activity of Carissa edulis (Vahl) (Apocynaceae) root bark extract. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 120, 255–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.029
Yousef MI, Awad TI, Mohamed EH. 2006. Deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage and biochemical alterations in rat and its attenuation by vitamin E. Toxicology 227, 240-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2006.08.008
Yahya Saleh Al-Awthan, Omar Salem Bahattab, Mohamed Ali Al-Duais (2020), Ethanolic extract of Carissa edulis ameliorates dimethoate induced renal damage in male guinea pigs; IJB, V16, N4, April, P174-186
https://innspub.net/ethanolic-extract-of-carissa-edulis-ameliorates-dimethoate-induced-renal-damage-in-male-guinea-pigs/
Copyright © 2020
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0