Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used as a remedy in District Malakand, KP, Pakistan
Paper Details
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used as a remedy in District Malakand, KP, Pakistan
Abstract
Ethnobotanical studies are helpful in assessing the the therapeutic uses of the plants that are used for different healing purposes. The present work was conducted to explore the ethnomedicinal uses of indigenous plants of various localities of District Malakand KP, Pakistan. A total of 46 plant species were identified belonging to 49 families. The reported plant species were well known for various human illnesses in the localities. Family Lamiaceae was the leading family comprises 6 species (10.52%) followed by family Solanaceae, Moraceae, and Euphorbiaceae each with 4 species (7.02%). The natives use herb (45.61%), shrubs (22.81%) and trees (31.58%) for different healing purposes. They use leaves (23.61%), whole plant (19.44%), fruit (18.06%), seed (9.72%), latex (6.94%), shoot (6.94%), bark (5.56%), gum (4.17%), plant oil (1.39%) and root (1.39%) of the reported medicinally important plants. The major and important ailments of the localities were diabetes, wound healing stomach problems, blood and skin disorders and constipation. Mentha arvensis L. has the highest Use Valve (0.42) whereas the highest Relative frequency citations has been reported for Cannabis sativa L. (0.32). The present study sown that the local people use the indigenous flora for different human ailments. Although further phytochemical and pharmacological justifications of the reported plant species are highly recommended.
Abebe D, Ayehu A. 1993. Medicinal plants and enigmatic health practices of Northern Ethiopia.
Ahmad M, Qureshi R, Arshad M, Khan MA, Zafar M. 2009. Traditional herbal remedies used for the treatment of diabetes from district Attock (Pakistan). Pakistan Journal of Botany 41, 2777-2782.
Ali SI, Qaiser M. 1993-2015. Flora of Pakistan 194-210. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi 194-220.
Ali, H, Ahmad H, Yousaf M. 2003. Trade of local medicinal herbs in Mingora City. In: Proceedings of Workshop on Conservation and sustainable uses of Medicinal and Aromatic plants of Pakistan. (Eds.): H. Ahmad, A.A. Khan.
Aziz MA, Adnan M, Khan AH, Shahat AA, Al-Said MS, Ullah R. 2018.Traditional uses of medicinal plants practiced by the indigenous communities at Mohmand Agency, FATA, Pakistan. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 14(1), 2. https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13002-017-0204-5
Bhat JA, Kumar M, Bussmann RW. 2013. Ecological status and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary of Garhwal Himalaya, India. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 9(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-1
Breevort P. 1998.The Booming U. S. Botanical Market: A New Overview. Herbal Gram 44, 33-46.
De Feo V. 1992.Medicinal and magical plants in the northern Peruvian Andes. FITOTERAPIA-MILANO 63, 417-417.
Desideri D, Meli MA, Roselli C. 2010. Determination of essential and non-essential elements in some medicinal plants by polarisedX ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDPXRF). Microchemical Journal 95(2), 174-180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2009.11.010
Dogan Y, Ugulu I, Durkan N. 2013. Wild edible plants sold in the local markets of Izmir, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Botany 45(S1), 177-84.
Edeoga HO, Okwu DE, Mbaebie BO. 2005. Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. African journal of Biotechnology 4(7), 685-688.
Erasto P, Adebola PO, Grierson DS, Afolayan AJ. 2005. An ethnobotanical study of plants used for the treatment of diabetes in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. African Journal of Biotechnology 4(12),1460.
Giday M, Asfaw Z, Elmqvist T, Woldu Z. 2003. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Zay people in Ethiopia. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 85(1), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00359-8
Giday M, Asfaw Z, Woldu Z, Teklehaymanot T. 2009. Medicinal plant knowledge of the Bench ethnic group of Ethiopia: an ethnobotanical investigation. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 5, 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-5-34
Gupta S, Walia A, Malan R. 2011. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Cedrusdeodera: an overview. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 2(8), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.09758232.2(8).2010-20
Hadi F, Razzaq A, Rahman A, Rashid A. 2013. Ethnobotanical notes on woody plants of RechValley, Torkhow, District Chitral, Hindu-Kush range, Pakistan. Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science 3(11),468-472.
Hamayun M, Khan SA, Kim H, Na CI, Lee I. 2006. Traditional knowledge and ex situ conservation of some threatened medicinal plants of Swat Kohistan, Pakistan. International Journal of Botany 2(2), 205-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijb.2006.205.209
Hamilton A. 2002.Curriculum development in applied ethnobotany. Proc. workshop on curriculum development in applied ethnobotany. Nathia gali, Pakistan. 91-95.
Harborne JB. 1973. Phytochemical methods, London Chapman and Hall, Ltd 49-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5921-7
Hassan N, Nisar M, Kakar SR, Hassan F, Zhong Z , Nong L, Khan MI, Shuaib M, Wang D. 2017b. Determination of Informant Consensus Factor of Medicinal Plants Used as Therapy in District Dir Lower Pakistan. Journal of medicinal plant studies 5(4), 183-188.
Hassan N, Wang D, Shuaib M, Zhong Z, Nisar M, Ahmad W, Ahmed S, Khan A. 2017a. Identification and ethnobotanical survey of profitable medicinal plants used as a remedy in Sangina Pakistan. International Journal of Herbal Medicine 5(4), 117-123.
Heinrich M, Ankli A, Frei B, Weimann C, Sticher O. 1998. Medicinal plants in Mexico: Healers’ consensus and cultural importance. Social Science & Medicine 47(11), 1859-1871. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00181-6
Jan HA, Jan S, Ahmad N, Aysha M. 2017. Ethno-Medicinal Survey of Indigenous Medicinal Plants used by the Local Population of Goleen Valley, Chitral, Pakistan. SM Journal of Medicinal Plant Studies 1(1), 1004.
Khan SW, Khatoon S. 2007.Ethnobotanical studies on useful trees and shrubs of haramosh and bugrote valleys, in Gilgit Northern Areas of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 39, 699–710.
Kris-Etherton PM, Hecker KD, Bonanome A, Coval SM, Binkoski AE, Hilpert KF, Etherton TD. 2002. Bioactive compounds in foods: their role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. The American journal of medicine 113(9), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00995-0
Megersa M, Asfaw Z, Kelbessa E, Beyene A, Woldeab B. 2013. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Wayu Tuka district, east Welega zone of oromia regional state, West Ethiopia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 9(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-68
Mohammad I, Rahmatullah Q, Shinwari ZK, Muhammad A, Mirza SN. 2013. Some ethnoecological aspects of the plants of Qalagai hills, Kabal valley, swat, Pakistan. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 15(5), 801-810.
Nadeem M, Shinwari ZK, Qaiser M. 2013. Screening of folk remedies by genus Artemisia based on ethnomedicinal surveys and traditional knowledge of native communities of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 45(1), 111-7.
Nasir E, Ali SI.1970-1995. Flora of West Pakistan and Kashmir. Pakistan Agriculture Research Council, Islamabad Pakistan.
Pei S. 1995. Ethnobotany and sustainable use of plant Resources in the HKH Mountain Region. In Planning Workshop on Ethnobotany and its Application to Conservation and Community Development in Hindukush Himalayan (HKH) region, Nepal.
Rokaya MB, Uprety Y, Poudel RC, Timsina B, Münzbergová Z, Asselin H, Sigdel SR. 2014. Traditional uses of medicinal plants in gastrointestinal disorders in Nepal. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 158, 221-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.014
Shad AA, Shah HU, Bakht J. 2013.Ethnobotanical assessment and nutritive potential of wild food plants. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 23(1), 92-7.
Shah A, Rahim S. 2017.Ethnomedicinal uses of plants for the treatment of malaria in Soon Valley, Khushab, Pakistan. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 200, 84-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.005
Shinwari S, Qureshi R,Baydoun E. 2011. Ethnobotanical study of Kohatpasses Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43, 135-139.
Tareen NM, Saeed-Ur-Rehman MA, Shinwari ZK, Bibi T. 2016.Ethnomedicinal Utilization of Wild Edible Vegetables In District Harnai of Balochistan Province-Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 48(3), 1159-1171.
Williams JT, Ahmad Z. 1999. Priorities for medicinal plants research and development in Pakistan.
Wright CW. 2005. Plant-derived antimalarial agents: new leads and challenges. Phytochemistry Reviews 4(1), 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-005-3261-7
Zheng XL, Xing FW. 2009. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants around Mt. Yinggeling, Hainan Island, China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 124 (2),197-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.042
Rohul Amin, Abd Ullah, Imtiaz Ahmad, Yu-Jie Fu, 2018. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used as a remedy in District Malakand, KP, Pakistan. J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 13(1), 52-59.
Copyright © 2018 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.