Evaluation green house gases and energy of pumpkin production in north of Iran
Paper Details
Evaluation green house gases and energy of pumpkin production in north of Iran
Abstract
Energy has a key role in social-economic development of countries. Efficient use of energy in agriculture is one of the conditions for sustainable production. In this article, evaluation of energy balance and energy indices under dry land farming pumpkin in north of Iran (Guilan province) were investigated. Data were collected from 72 farms by used a face to face questionnaire method during 2011 year in Guilan province. By using of consumed data as inputs and total production as output, and their concern equivalent energy, energy balance and energy indices were calculated. Energy efficiency (energy output to input energy ratio) for seed and fruit in this study were calculated 0.16 and 1.43 respectively; showing the affective use of energy in the agro ecosystems pumpkin production. Energy balance efficiency (production energy to consumption energy ratio) for seed and fruit in this study were calculated 0.09 and 1.54 respectively; showing the affective use of energy in the agro ecosystems pumpkin production.
Alam MS, Alam MR, Islam KK. 2005. Energy Flow in Agriculture: Bangladesh. American Journal of Environmental Sciences. 1(3): 213-220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2005.213.220
Alfaz MA. 2004. Chemical Composition and Oil Characteristics of Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) Seed Kernels. Food and Agriculture Sciences Research Center. The Research Center of the Faculty of Agriculture – King Saud University. 129: 5-18.
Azarpour E. 2012. Evaluation energy balance and energy indices of barley production under watered farming in north of Iran. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 7(3): 163-168
Azarpour E, Moraditochaee M, Bozorgi HR. 2012. Evaluating energy balance and energy indices of wheat production in rain-fed farming in northern Iran, African Journal of Agricultural Research. 7(12): 1950-1955.
Ghahderijani M, Pishgar Komleh SH, Keyhani A, Sefeedpari P. 2013. Energy analysis and life cycle assessment of wheat production in Iran, African Journal of Agricultura Research. 8(18):1929-1939.
Hosini N, Haji Hasani N, Resaeefar M. 2009. Evaluation energy balance of pumpkin production pumpkin in Khoy, Iran. Research of agronomical science. 1(4):15-24.
Khan S, Khan MA, Latif N. 2010. Energy requirements and economic analysis of wheat, rice and barley production in Australia. Soil & Environment 29(1), 61- 68.
Kizilaslan H. 2009. Input-output energy analysis of cherries production in Tokat Province of Turkey. Applied Energy. 86: 1354-1358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.07.009
Namdari M. 2011. Energy use and cost analysis of watermelon production under different farming technologies in Iran. International Journal of Environmental Sciences 1(6), 1144-1153.
Namdari M, Mohammadi A, Ghasemi mobtaker H, 2011. Assessment of energy requirements and sensitivty analysis of inputs for watermelon production in Iran. International Journal of Plant. Animal and Environmental Sciences. 1(1): 102-110.
Percin D, Krimer V, Trivic S, Radulovic L. 2009. The distribution of phenolic acids in pumpkins hull-less seed, skin, oil cake meal, de hulled kernel and hull. Food Chemistry. 113 :450-456.
Piringer GJ, Steinberg L. 2006. Reevaluation of Energy Use in Wheat Production in the United States. Journal of Industrial Ecology. 10: 149-167.
Robinson RW, Decker-Walters, DS. 1997. “What are Cucurbits”. In Cucurbits, R.W. Robinson & D.S. Decker-Walters, CAB International, New York. pp: 1-22.
Teppner H. 2000. Cucurbita pepo (cucurbitaceae)-history, seed coat types, thin coated seeds and their genetics. Phyton 40, 1-42
Uhlin H. 1998. Why energy productivity is increasing: an I–O analysis of Swedish agriculture. Agricultural Systems 56(4), 443-465. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0308-521X(97)00059-0
Yilmaz I, Akcaoz H, Ozkan B. 2005. An analysis of energy use and input costs for cotton production in Turkey. Renewable Energy. 30: 145-55. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.renene.2004.06.001
Ebrahim Azarpour, Soraya Afshin Mehr, Maral Moraditochaee, Hamid Reza Bozorgi, 2013. Evaluation green house gases and energy of pumpkin production in north of Iran. Int. J. Biosci., 3(8), 182-190.
Copyright © 2013 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.