Evaluation of anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties of vitamin E and vitamin C in alloxan induced diabetic rats
Paper Details
Evaluation of anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties of vitamin E and vitamin C in alloxan induced diabetic rats
Abstract
Diabetes is a burning health issue worldwide. Hyperglycemia is the characteristic feature of diabetes and this elevated blood glucose caused oxidative stress. Vitamin E and C are well known because of their anti-oxidant properties and only few studies have been done on the antidiabetic properties of Vitamin E and C, so we selected these two vitamins to evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative properties. A single dose of alloxan (120mg/kg-BW) in over fasting rats was used as a diabetogenic agent and rats showed blood glucose level higher than 250mg/dl were considered as diabetic. Rats were divided into three groups (08 rats/group). Group A contain diabetic rats, Group B contain diabetic rats treated with vitamin E (600mg/kg BW) and group C contain diabetic rats (1000 mg/kg BW). The duration of trial was 21 days. We found a significant increase in the body weight at day 21 in both treated groups as compared to day 1. A significant reduction in fasting serum glucose was found for vitamin E (210.6±8.48) and C (187±4.18). A significant reduction, in total cholesterol (248.64±14.14 for vitamin E and 210.6±21.80 for vitamin C) and LDL (44.63±8.87 vitamin E; 73.34±6.99 vitamin C) was found. However, significant increased for HDL was found in vitamin E (40.4±5.58) group. We also found great anti-oxidant properties of both these vitamins by studying catalase (CAT) enzyme and found a significant (18.18±0.17) decrease for CAT in group B and (18.92±0.23) in group C. In conclusion, both vitamin E and vitamin C showed good anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hypercholesterolemic and anti-oxidative properties.
Akindele OO, Kunle-Alabi OT, Adeyemi DH, Oghenetega BO, Raji Y. 2014. Effect of vitamin E and melatonin on serum testosterone level in sheep derived Wistar rats. African Journal of Medicine and Medical sciences 43, 295-304.
Amin KA, Awad EM, Nagy MA. 2011. Effects of Panax quinquefolium on Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: role of C-peptide, nitric oxide and oxidative stress. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 4, 136-147.
Andersen OM, Markham KR. 2006. Flavonoids: Chemistry, biochemistry and applications. 1st Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA. ISBN 13:979-0849320217, p 1256.
Bambolkar S, Sainani GS. 1995. The evaluation of oxidative stress in diabetes with or without vascular complications. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 43, 10-12.
Baynes C, Henderson AD, Anyaoku V, Richmond W, Hughes CL, Johston DS, Elkeles RS. 1991. The role of insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipase in the dyslipidaemia of type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 8, 560-566.
Benzi G, Morretti A. 1995. Are reactive oxygen species involved in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiology of Aging 16, 661–674.
Chen F, Chen Y, Kang X, Zhou Z, Zhang Z, Liu D. 2012. Anti-apoptotic function and mechanism of ginseng saponins in rattus pancreatic β-cells. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 35, 1568-1573.
Collier A, Wilson R, Brodley H, Thomson JA, Small M. 1990. Free radical activity in type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine 7, 27–30.
Davies KJ. 1995. Oxidative stress; the paradox of aerobic life. Biochemical Society Symposia 61, 1-31.
Dou C, Xu DP, Wells WW. 1997. Studies on the essential role of ascorbic acid in the energy dependent release of insulin from pancreatic islets. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 231, 820–822.
Ebueli OAT, Ajuluchukwu AE, Afolabi OT, Akinwande AI. 2010. Oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetes in female and male rats. Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences 3, 71-75.
Erlinger T, Brancati F. 2001. Postchallenge hyperglycemia in a national sample of US adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 24(10), 1734-1738.
Fang YZ, Yang S, Wu G. 2002. Free radicals, antioxidants and nutrition. Nutrition. 18, 872-9.
Fruhbeck G, Ambrosi GJ, Muruzabal FJ, Burrell MA. 2001. The adipocyte a model for integration of endocrine and metabolic signals in energy metabolism regulation. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism 280, 827-847.
Gagliardino JJ. 2005. Physiological endocrine control of energy homeostasis and postprandial blood glucose levels. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 9, 75-92.
Gillian-Daniel DL, Bates PW, Tebon A, Attie AD. 2002. Endoplasmic reticulum localization of the low density lipoprotein receptor mediates pre-secretory degradation of apolipoprotein B. Proceedings of Natural Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 99, 4337-4342.
Gort A, Imlay JA. 1998. Balance between endogenous superoxide stress and anti-oxidant defenses. Journal of Bacteriology 180, 1402-10.
Ibrahim MA, Ibrahim MH, Ayoub HA. 2008. Diabetes mellitus as an oxidative stress. Romanian Journal of Biophysics 18, 195-208.
Jain SK, Levine SN. 1995. Elevated lipid peroxidation and vitamin E-quinone levels in heart ventricles of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 18, 337-341.
Jonathan D, Newman MD, Arthur Z, Schwartzbard MD, Howard S, Weintraub MD,Ira J, Goldberg MD, Jeffrey S, Berger MD. 2017. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Journal of American College of Cardiology 70, 883-893.
Lalla E, Lamster IB, Drury S, Fu C, Schmidt AM. 2000. Hyperglycemia, glycoxidation and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts: potential mechanisms underlying diabetic complications, including diabetes-associated periodontitis. Periodontology 23, 50-62.
Lin E, Wang Y, Mehendale S, Sun S, Wang CZ, Xie JT, Aung HH, Yuan CS. 2008. Antioxidant protection by American ginseng in pancreatic β-cells. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine 36, 981-988.
Lonn E, Yusuf S, Hoogwerf B. 2001. Effects of Vitamin E on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in high-risk patients with diabetes. Results of the hope study and micro-hope sub study. Diabetes Care 505, 675-880.
Naseem M, Zaman MQ, Nazih H, Ouguerram K, Rabbani I, Zaneb H, Yaqoob T, Rehman HU, Michel J, Tahir SK, Yousaf MS, Majeed KA, Hussain MS. 2016. The effects of ginkgo biloba leaf extract on metabolic disturbances associated to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 26, 627-635.
Ness AR, Khaw KT, Bingham S, Day NE. 1999. Plasma vitamin C: what does it measure? Public Health Nutrition 2, 51–54.
Rahimi R, Nikfar S, Lavijani B, Abdullahi M. 2005. A review on the role of antioxidants in the mangment of diabetes and its complications. Biomedicine and Pharmrcotherapy 59, 365-373.
Shankar PK, Kumar V, Rao N. 2005. Evaluation of antidiabetic activitiy of Ginkgo biloba in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 4, 16-19.
Sies H. 1993. Strategies of antioxidant defense. European Journal of Biochemistry 215, 213-219.
Takeuchi M, Imano H, Muraki I, Shimizu Y, Terda MH, Kitamura A, Okada T, Kiyama M, Iso H. 2018. Serum creatinine levels and risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus or dysglycemia in middle aged Japanese men: a retrospective cohort study. Diabetes Research Care 6, 92-98.
Vajro P, Mandato C, Franzese A, Ciccimarra E, Lucariello S, Savoia M, Capuano G, Magliaro F. 2004. Vitamin E treatment in Pediatric obesity related liver disease: A randomized study. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 38, 48-55.
Wells WW, Dou CZ, Dyas LN, Jung CH, Kalbach HL, Xu DP. 1995. Ascorbic acid is essential for the release of insulin from scorbutic guinea pig pancreatic islets. Proceedings of Natural Academy of Sciences U. S. A 92, 11869-11873.
Weykamp CW, Penders TJ, Baadenhuijsen H, Muskiet FAJ, Martina W, Van-Der Slik W. 1995. Vitamin C and glycohemoglobin. Clinical Chemistry 41, 713-716.
Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. 2004. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 27, 1047-1053.
Will JC, Byers T. 1996. Does diabetes mellitus increase the requirement for vitamin C? Nutrition Review 54,193–202.
Will JC, Ford ES, Bowman BA. 1999. Serum vitamin C concentrations and diabetes: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 70, 49-52.
Witzum JL. 1994. The oxidation hypothesis of atherosclerosis. Lancet 344, 793-795.
Syeda Javaria Nadir, Mahrukh Naseem, Sajid Khan Tahir, Asmat Ullah Kakar, Nayab Khan, Tahseen Ara, Jazba Aiman (2018), Evaluation of anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties of vitamin E and vitamin C in alloxan induced diabetic rats; IJB, V13, N4, October, P121-127
https://innspub.net/evaluation-of-anti-diabetic-and-antioxidant-properties-of-vitamin-e-and-vitamin-c-in-alloxan-induced-diabetic-rats/
Copyright © 2018
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0