Evaluation of the insecticidal properties of fractionated extracts of Ocimum canum and Laggera pterodonta on stored maize against the infestation of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Paper Details
Evaluation of the insecticidal properties of fractionated extracts of Ocimum canum and Laggera pterodonta on stored maize against the infestation of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Abstract
The weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky), is a devastating pest of stored maize, especially in the warm humid tropical regions. The objective of this study was to test the insecticidal properties of fractionated Ocimum canum and Laggera pterodonta extracts used as natural alternatives to synthetic insecticides in the management of maize S. zeamais weevils. Fractionated extracts were obtained by maceration of the leaves of O. canum and Laggera pterodonta. Cyclohexane, acetone and methanol were used as extraction solvents and the tests were carried out at 1, 5 and 10 g/kg on adult S. zeamais, for mortality, progeny production inhibition, feeding deterrence and repellence with a control that received no extract treatment. Adult mortality was recorded within 1, 7 and 14 days post-exposure. All the fractions showed insecticidal activity that increased with dosage and period of post-treatment. At 10 g/kg the Laggera methanol fraction caused a mortality of 20 % within 14 days of exposure, and a progeny production inhibition rate of over 84 %. Laggera Cyclohexane fraction (5 g/kg) that showed repellence index of 75.44 % greater than neem oil (Azadirachta indica) that served as the positive control referenced plant.
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