Evalution of the exposure to pollutants in the drinking water of So-ava municipality using biomarkers: epidemiological study

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/02/2014
Views (367) Download (10)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Evalution of the exposure to pollutants in the drinking water of So-ava municipality using biomarkers: epidemiological study

Kinsiclounon Gilles E., Koumolou Luc., Guedenon Patient, Agossadou Angélique, Tevi Mirelle, Deguenon Yvette, Kaki Christophe, Loko Frederic, Boko Michel, Gbeassor Messanvi, Edorh Patrick A
J. Bio. Env. Sci.4( 2), 378-392, February 2014.
Certificate: JBES 2014 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

The previous works revealed the existence of the risks of exposure to pollutants through the consumption of the water in the localities of Ahomey and Houédo in Sô-Ava. It was thus advisable to look for biomarkers, indicators of exposure to these toxics. In this context, a survey was conducted at first to identify the characteristic disorders connected to exposure to xenobiotics. This survey was completed by biochemical and hematological analyses of blood and urine of the investigated. The results revealed that: the characteristic clinical signs to lead and/or cadmium poisoning existed within the population; in particular, stomach pain, , symptoms connected to the reproduction, sign of bone pain, mental retardation, , asthenia, arterial high blood pressure, sight impairment, excessive perspiration, neurological and renal signs. Also in exposure areas, correlation between blood lead and lead in drinking water was high but that correlation was weak for cadmium. Besides, 80 % of the investigated presented a concealed anemia. Other hematological and biochemical values were within the standards, and there was no major disturbance at this level. In respect of urine analyses, there was blood in the urine of 45.16 %, leukocytes of 38.71 %, proteins of 41.94 % and nitrites of 80 % of the exposed population. No glucose was found in the urine but the excretion of calcium is sometimes very alarming with certain individuals especially in the localities where the exposure is high.

VIEWS 19

Beauchamp J. 2003. La Pollution Littorale. DESS: Qualité et Gestion de l’eau, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne (France), 30.

Boutron CF. and Patterson CC. 1983. The occurrence of lead in Antarctic recent snow firns depostited over the last two centuries and prehistoric ice. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 47, 1355- 1368.

Casas S. 2005. Modélisation de la bioaccumulation de métaux Traces (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu et Zn) chez la moule, Mytilus galloprovincialis, en milieu méditerranéen. Thèse de doctorat, Université du Sud Toulou VAR, 363.

Gonnot A. 2009. Le pica, cause ou conséquence de l’anémie ferriprive: étude de 10 cas, Revue de Médecine Interne. 10, 420-447.

Gardels M.C. and Sorg T.J, A. 1989. laboratory study of the leaching of lead from water faucets, Journal of the American Water Works Association 81(7), 101-113.

Kinsiclounon GE, Edorh PA, Guedenon P, Deguenon Y, Sossou B, Dougnon VT, Loko F, Boko M. 2013a. Risks of Drinking Water Contamination by Chemical and Organic Substances in the Lakeside City of So-Ava in Benin Republic International Research Journal of Environment Sciences, January 2(1), 49-57.

Kinsiclounon GE, Edorh PA, Guedenon P, Senou M, Deguenon Y, Akpovi C, Loko F, Boko M, Gbeassor M, Creppy EE. 2013b. Risks of contamination of drillings water with toxic metals accumulated in sediments of Nokoué Lake in Benin. Merit Research Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology, June 1(4), 91-98.

Kinsiclounon G. E., Edorh PA., Guedenon P., Deguenon Y., Koumolou L., Montcho S., Loko F., Boko M., Gbeassor M., Creppy EE., 2013c. Environmental Risk Factors and Bacteriological Aspect of Drinking Water in Lake-Side Town of Sô-Ava in Benin. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences. 5(7), 359-369.

Lagadic L, Caquet T, Amiarb JC. 1997. Biomarqueurs en écotoxicologie: principes et définitions. In: Aspects fondamentaux. Paris; 1-9.

Lalèyè, A. 1998. Boom de poissons lagunaires sur les marches de Cotonou. In : Journal La Nation n° 2001, 8.

Landrigan PJT. and Odd AC. 1997. Lead poisoning. Western Journal of Medicine 161(2), 153-159.

Loko F. 2001. Biochimie analytique- physiopathologie- explorâtions fonctionnelles, manuel à l’usage des  étudiants des techniques  de biologie humaine, Edition CPU, 214-220.

Luoma SN. 1983. Bioavailability of trace metals to aquatic organisms – a review. Science of the Total Environment 28, 1-22.

Muntner P, Vupputuri S, Coresh J, Batuman V. 2003. Blood lead and chronic kidney disease in the general United States population: Results from NHANES III. Kidney International 63, 1044-1050.

Murozumi N, Chow TJ., Patterson CC. 1969. Chemical concentrations of pollutant lead aerosols, terrestrial dusts and sea salts in Greenland and Antarctic snow strata, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 33, 1247-1294.

Organisation mondiale de la santé/FAO. Joint FAO/WHO, 1986. expert comittee on food additives. Sixty-first meeting. Summary and conclusions. 19-26.

Organisation mondiale de la Santé-IPCS. 1998. World Health Organisation ; International Programme on Chemical Safety. Environmental health criteria, 200, Cooper.

Roos PM., Vesterberg O, Nordberg N. 2006. Metals in motor neuron diseases, Experimental Biology and Medicine. 231, 1481-1487.

Schwartz J, Landrigan PJ, Baker E, Orenstein WA, von Lindern IH. 1990. Lead-induced anemia: dose-response relationships and evidence for a threshold. American Journal of Public Health 80(2), 165-168.

Silbergeld EK, Schwartz J, Mahaffey K. 1988. Mobilization of Lead from Bone in Postmenopausal Women, Environmental Research. 47, 79-94.

Symanski E, Hertz PI. 1995. Blood lead levels in relation to menopause, smoking, and pregnancy history, American Journal of Epidemiology 141, 1047-1058.

Vaidya CO. and Rantala TTR. 1996. A comparative study of analytical methods determination of heavy metal in mussel (Mytilis edulis) from eastern Canada. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 63 (3), 179-185.