Exploration of Pinus roxburghii Sargent Dominated Communities in Maidan Valley, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/11/2018
Views (330) Download (8)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Exploration of Pinus roxburghii Sargent Dominated Communities in Maidan Valley, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Fayaz Ali, Jamil Ul Haq, Amir Abdullah Khan, Waqar Khan
Int. J. Biosci.13( 5), 168-177, November 2018.
Certificate: IJB 2018 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Density of Pinus roxburghii has been significantly reduced across its distribution ranges in the studied area due to natural and anthropogenic pressure in the near past. The present endeavor was undertaken to quantify the existing phyto-diversity from studied area during 2014-2016. Species and environmental data from 3 forests were documented by using measuring of 12 × 12 m2 quadrates. Total of 7 woody species were recorded belonging to six different families. On the basis of importance value index Pinus roxburghii was declared the leading tree species in all the 3 studies sites.  Eucalyptus camaldulensis was documented as co-dominant species in studied site-I, while other 2 sites were co-dominant by Pinus wallichiana. Studied site-II was recorded the most rich forest by having the value of 1350.0 for density/hac and 1000.1 for BAcm2/hac. All the studied forest were located on a gentle slope ranges from 13° to 21° within elevation range of 1826 m to 2000 m above the sea level. Dead loges and cut stumps in the study site shows that the forests are heavily exploited by anthropogenic and natural hazards. Our results suggest that both local and regional scale analyses are warranted to disentangle the vegetation-environment relationships, if the ultimate goal is to conserve these less disturbed, self-sustainable ecosystems.

VIEWS 12

Ahamed MT, Hussain AH, Sheikh SS, Hussain, Siddiqui FM. 2006. Phytosociology and structure of Himalayan forests from different climatic zone of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 38(2), 361-383.

Ahmad M, Shaukat SS. 2012. Textbook of vegetation Ecology. Abrar Sons Publishers, Karachi 1, 39 p.

Ahmed M, Khan N, Wahab M, Hamza S, Siddique MF, Nazim K, Khan MU. 2009. Vegetation structure of olea ferruginea royle forest of lower dir district of Pakistan. Pakistan journal of botany 41(6), 2683-2695.

Alam SA, Starr M. 2009. Deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions associated with fuel wood consumption of the brick making industry in Sudan. Science of the total Environment 407(2), 847-852.

Ali F, Khan N, Ali K, Khan I. 2017. Influence of environmental variables on the distribution of woody species in Muslim graveyards of Malakand division, Hindukush Range Mountains of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 49(6), 2357-2366.

Ali F. 2015. M. phill. Regeneration Patteren and Dendroecology of olea Ferruginea Royle in Malak and Division, Hindu Kush Range of Pakistan.

Ali J, Benjaminsen TA, Hammad AA, Dick OB. 2005. The road deforestation: An assessment of forest loss and its causes in Basho Valley, Northern Pakistan. Global Env. Change 15, 370-380.

Ali K, Khan S, Khan N, Khan W, Rahman IU, Ullah F, Ali K, Nisar M. 2017. Ethnobotanical and ecological study of Punica granatum in Dir district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 8(4), 656–661. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/0217101.

Armbrust EV, BergesJA, Bowler C, Green BR, Martinez D, Putnam NH, Brzezinski MA. 2004. The genome of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: ecology, evolution, and metabolism. Science 306(5693), 79-86.

Badshah L, Ibrar M, Hussain F. 2010. An Ethno botanical study on the usage of wild medicinal herbs from Malana hills, Parachinar, Kurram Valley.  Journal of Biology Biotech 7(3), 267-271.

Champion GH, Seth SK, Khattak GM. 1965. Forest types of Pakistan. Pakistan forest institute, Peshawar 111-144.

Danish M, Rashid MHA, Shin MY. 2009. Wood fuel use in the traditional cooking stoves in the rural flood plain areas of Bangladesh: A socio-environmental perspective.  Biomass & Bioenergy 33(1), 70-78.

Ganeev RA, Naik PA, Singhal H, Chakera JA, Gupta PD. 2007. Strong enhancement and extinction of single harmonic intensity in the mid-and end-plateau regions of the high harmonics generated in weakly excited laser plasmas. Optics letters 32(1), 65-67.

Gutkowski B, Krowiak M, Niedzwiecka J, Oklejewicz IK. 2002. Floristic notes from the Dynow foothills (Western Carpathians). Fragm. F. Geobot. Polonica 9, 43-47.

Hart HLA, Green L. 2012. The concept of law. Oxford University Press.

Hazrat A, Shah J, Ali M, Iqbal I. 2007. Medicinal value of Ranunculaceae of Dir valley. Pakistan Journal of Botany 39(4), 1037.

Jones CH. 1967. Parametric production planning. Management Science 13(11), 843-866.

Khan M, Khan R. 1992. Woody Plant Seed Manual (Pakistan).Retrieved January, 21, 2016.

Khan N. 2012. A community analysis of Quercus baloot Girafft forest Distract Dir Upper, Pakistan, Africa journal of plant science 5(12), 21-31.

Khan N, Ahmad M, Wahab M, Ajaib M. 2010. Phytosociology, structure and physiochemical analysis of soil in Quercusbhloot, forest district Chitral, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 42(4), 2429-2441.

Khan N, Wahab M, Shaukat SS. 2011. A community analysis in Quercus baloot forest District Dir upper Pakistan. frontier of Agriculture China.  (In press).

Khan ZI, Ashraf M, Valeem EE. 2006. Forage mineral status evaluation: The influence of pastures.  Pakistan Journal of Botany 38(4), 1043-1054.

Khan ZI, Ashraf M, Valeem EE, Ahmad K, Danish M. 2007. Pasture concentration of minerals in relation to the nutrient requirements of farm livestock. Pakistan Journal of Botany 39(6), 2183-2191.

Kishwar A, Farman U, Nasrullah K, Inayat UR, Shariat U, Waqar K, Murad A, Nisar U, Mohammad N. 2017. Ethnobotanical and ecological study of Myrtus communis (L.) in Bajaur agency (FATA) Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 11(1), 152-164.

Mueller-Dombois D, Ellenberg H. 1974. Aims and methods of vegetation ecology.

Nagothu US. 2001. Fuelwood and fodder extraction and deforestation: mainstream views in India discussed on the basis of data from the semi-arid region of Rajasthan. Geoforum 32(3), 319-332.

Nasser U, Mohammad N, Suliman N, Zahid A. 2012. Ethno botanical Wealth of Jandool Valley, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Kpk), Pakistan. International Journal of Phytomedicine 4(3), 351-354.

Russell FL, Fowler NL. 1999. Rarity of oak saplings in savannas and woodlands of the eastern Edwards Plateau, Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist 31-41.

Ryniker KA, Bush JK, Van Auken OW. 2006. Structure of Quercus gambelii communities in the Lincoln National forest, New Mexico, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 233(1), 69-77.

Sangye M. 2005. The impact of fire frequency on the regeneration of Pinus roxburghii in Eastern Bhutan. na.

Sethi HN. 2005. The environment of Pakistan .peak publishinging London UK. (ISBN1-901458-490), 1-182.

Sharma CM, Suyal S, Gairola S, Ghildiyal SK. 2009. Species richness and diversity along an altitudinal gradient in moist temperate forest of Garhwal Himalaya. Journal of American Science 5(5), 119-128.

Sher H, Ali H, Rehman SU. 2012. Identification and conservation of important plant areas (IPAS) for the distribution of medicinal aromatic and economic plants in the Hindu Kush Mountain rang. Pakistan journal of botany 44, 187-194.

Siddiqui F, Ahmed M, Wahab M, Khan N. 2009. Phytosociology and structure of pinus roxburgi Sergeant (chir pine) in lesser Himalayan rang of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 41(5), 2357-2369.

Siddiqui MF, Ahmad M, Khan N, Khan IA. 2010. Quantitative description of moist temperate conifer forests of Himalayan region of Pakistan and Azad Kashmir. Int. Journal of Biology, Biotech 7(3), 175-85.

Singh I, Squire L, Strauss J. 1986. Agricultural household models: Extensions, applications, and policy. The World Bank.

Ul-Haq I, Ullah N, Bibi G, Kanwal S, Ahmad MS, Mirza B. 2012. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and phytochemical analysis of Euphorbia wallichii root extract and its fractions. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research 11(1), 241.

Wahab M, Ahmad M, Khan N, Sarangzai AM. 2010. A phytosociological study of Pine forest from District Dir, Pakistan Journal of Biology. Biotech 7(3), 219-226.

Wahab M, Ahmad M, Khan N. 2008. Phytosociology and dynamics of some pine forests of Afghanistan. Pakistan journal of Botany 40(3), 1071-1079.