Fasting cardiovascular risk factors are not different between smoker and non-smokers
Paper Details
Fasting cardiovascular risk factors are not different between smoker and non-smokers
Abstract
Smoking is known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. In order to investigate whether cardiovascular risk factors such as triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low and high density lipoprotein (LDL, HDL) are different between smoker and non-smokers. A venous blood sample was collected from fourteen adult smoker and non-smoker men matched for age 35 to 45 year and weight 86 to 95 kg who came after a 12-h overnight fast. All clinical biomarkers were measured using the colorimetric enzymatic method. Differences between groups were calculated using the independent samples t-test. Data by statistical analysis showed no significant differences between all variables between smoker and non-smoker groups (p ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, our findings indicate that cigarette smoking does not affect fasting cardiovascular risk factors. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the influence of cigarette on postprandial levels of these clinical markers.
Arnson Y, Shoenfeld Y, Amital H. 2010. Effects of tobacco smoke on immunity, inflammation and autoimmunity. Journal of Autoimmunity 34(3), 258-65.
Axelen M, Eliasson B. 1995. Lipid intolerance in smoker’s. Journal of Internal Medicine 237(5), 449-55.
Chiolero A, Faeh D, Paccaud F, Cornuz J. 2008. Consequences of smoking for body weight, body fat distribution, and insulin resistance. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87, 801-9.
Cia H, Harrison DG. 2000. Endothelial in cardiovascular disease: the role of oxidant stress. Circulation Research 87, 840-844.
Cross CE, Van der Vliet A, Eiserich JP. 1998. Cigarette smokers and oxidant stress: a continuing mystery. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 67, 184-185.
Dilyara G, Yanbaeva, Mieke A, Dentener, Eva C, Creutzberg, Geertjan Wesseling. 2007. Systemic Effects of Smoking. Chest 3, 1557-1566.
Eliasson B, Attvall S, Taskinen MR, Smith U. 1994. The insulin resistance syndrome in smokers is related to smoking habits. Arterioscler Thrombosis Vascular Biology 14, 1946-50.
Gould AL, Rossouw JE, Santanello NC, Heyse JF, Furberg CD. 1998. Cholesterol Reduction Yields Clinical Benefit, Impact of Statin Trials. Circulation 97(10), 946-52.
Groenewegen KH, Postma DS, Hop WC. 2008. Increased systemic inflammation is a risk factor for COPD exacerbations. Chest 133, 350–357.
Gupta V, Tiwari S, Agarwal CG, Shukla P, Chandra H, Sharma P. 2006. Effect of short-term cigarette smoking on insulin resistance and lipid profile in asymptomatic adults. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology 50(3), 285-90.
Karadag F, Kirdar S, Karul AB. 2008. The value of C-reactive protein as a marker of systemic inflammation in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. European Journal of Internal Medicine 19, 104–108.
Mero N, Syvanne M. 1997. Post prandial elevation of ApoB48 containing triglyceride rich particles and retinyl esters in normolipemic males who smoke. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 17(10), 2096-102.
Rahman I, MacNee W. 1996. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 51, 348.
Salesi M, Rashidi H, Fatahi F. 2009. Effect of smoking on postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 12(1), 14-19.
Stamler J, Daviglus ML, Garside DB, Dyer AR, Greenland P, Neaton JD. 2000. Relationship of Baseline Serum Cholesterol Levels in 3 Large Cohorts of Younger Men to Long-term Coronary, Cardiovascular, and All-Cause Mortality and to Longevity. Journal of the American Medical Association 284(3), 311-8.
Tanni SE, Pelegrino NR, Angeleli AY, Correa C, Godoy I. 2010. Smoking status and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediated systemic inflammation in COPD patients. Journal of Inflammation (Lond) 7, 29.
Tsujii S, Kuzuya H. 2004. The significance of lifestyle as a factor for the metabolic syndrome. Nippon Rinsho 62(6), 1047-1052.
Virginia R, Xiangying X, Diane B, Daniel J, Christine F, Patricia F. 2011. A Pilot Study to Examine the Effects of Smoking Cessation on Serum Markers of Inflammation in Women at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease. Chest 3, 212-219.
Weitzman M, Cook S, Auinger P, Florin TA, Daniels S, Nguyen M. 2005. Tobacco Smoke Exposure Is Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents. Circulation 112, 862-9.
Hajirasouli Masoud, Hajirasouli Maral, Behbudi Laleh, Rohani Aliakbar (2014), Fasting cardiovascular risk factors are not different between smoker and non-smokers; JBES, V4, N2, February, P353-357
https://innspub.net/fasting-cardiovascular-risk-factors-are-not-different-between-smoker-and-non-smokers/
Copyright © 2014
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0