Field evaluation of compost extracts for suppression of Fusarium wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum F. sp. Lycopersici
Paper Details
Field evaluation of compost extracts for suppression of Fusarium wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum F. sp. Lycopersici
Abstract
Field experiment was conducted at Research and Training Farm of Federal College of Horticulture Dadin Kowa, in the 2008 to 2009 cropping seasons, to evaluate the effect of compost extracts in suppressing Fusarium wilt on three tomato varieties. The treatments consisted of three compost extracts: poultry manure-based compost extract (PMCE), neem leaf-based compost extract (NLCE), cow dung-based compost extract (CDCE), a synthetic fungicide (TEAM®) and sterile distilled water serving as the control; and three tomato varieties (Roma VF, Duck Sekarat and UC 82B). The results showed that all tomato varieties were infected by the pathogen, but Roma VF was the least infected. Disease incidence and severity was significantly (P≤0.05) lower on tomato plants treated with the respective compost extract than on untreated plants. TEAM® was only effective at the early stages of infection compared to the various extracts which were effective starting from 6 – 7 weeks after transplanting till harvesting. However, poultry and cow dung based- compost extracts were the most effective in reducing incidence and severity of the disease. Higher yields were obtained with the application of PMCE (3.2 t ha-1) and CDCE (3.0 t ha-1) in comparism with other treatments. It is therefore recommended that farmers should use Roma VF and soil drenching with PMCE and/or CDCE in an integrated pest management package in the control of Fusarium wilt of tomato.
Agbenin NO, Emechebe AM, Marley PS. 1999. Status of root knot and Fusarium wilt disease of tomato on Fadama farms in Zaria. Nigerian Journal of Agricultural Extension. 12, 1 – 10.
Al-Dahmani JH, Abbasi PA, Miller SA, Hointink HAJ. 2003. Suppression of bacterial spot of tomato with foliar sprays of compost extracts under screenhouse and field conditions. Plant Disease 87, 913 – 919.
Amini J. 2009. Physiological races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in Kurdistan province of Iran and reaction of some tomato cultivars to race1 of the pathogen. Plant Pathology Journal 8, 68 – 73.
Ben-Jenana RK, Haoula R, Triki MA, Godon J, Hibar K, Ben-Khadeer M, Henchi B. 2009. Composts, compost extracts and bacterial suppression on Pythium aphernidermatum in tomato. Pakistani Journal of Botany 41(1), 315 – 327.
Borrero C, Trillas MI, Ordales J, Tello JC, Aviles M. 2004. Predictive factors for the suppression of Fusarium wilt of tomato in plant growth media. Phytopathology 94, 1094 – 1101.
Blum LE, Rodriquez-kabana R. 2004. Effect of organic amendments on Sclerotial germination, mycelial growth and Sclerotium rolfsii– induced diseases. Fitopatologia Brasileira 29, 66 – 74.
Daami-Remadi M, Ayed F, Jabinson-Khairedina H, Hibar K, El-Mahjoub M. 2006. Effects of some Bacillus sp. isolates on Fusarium sp. invitro and potato tuber dry rot developed invivo. Plant Pathology Journal 5, 283 – 290.
De Cal A, Pascual S, Iarena I, Malgajero P. 1995. Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Plant Pathology 44, 909 – 917.
De-Ceuster TJ.J, Hoitink HAJ. 1999. Using compost to control plant diseases. BioCycle Magazine p. 61.
Elad Y, Schteinberge D. 1994. Effects of compost water extracts on grey mold (Botrytis cinerea). Crop Protection 13, 109 – 114.
Erinle ID. 1981. Reaction of tomato cultivars to Fusarium wilt in Northern Nigeria. Samaru Journal of Agricultural Reseach. No. 1. p. 10.
Gangaih C. 2004. Suppression of Septoria leaf spot (Septoria lycopersici) and early blight (Altenaria solani) of tomato using aerated compost tea. Unpublished MSc. Thesis Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.
Hmouni A, Mouria A, Douira A. 2006. Biological control of tomato grey mold with compost water extracts, Trichoderma sp. and Eliocladium sp. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 45: 110 – 116.
Horinouchi H, Katouyama N, Taguchi Y, Kyakane M. 2008. Control of Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato in a soil system by combination of a plant growth promoting fungus, Fusarium equiseti, and biodegradable parts. Crop Protection 27, 859 – 864.
Kerkeni A, Daami-Remadi M, Tarchoun N, Ben-Khadeer M. 2007. In vivo assessment of the antifungal activities of several compost extracts obtained from composted animal manure mixtures. International Journal of Agricultural Research 2, 786 – 794.
Kerkeni A, Daami-Remadi M, Tarchoun N, Mohammed BK. 2008. Effect of bacterial isolates obtained from animal manure compost extracts on the development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radisi – lycopersici. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology 2(1), 15 – 23.
Kimaru SK, Waudo SW, Monda E, Seif AA, Birge JK. 2004. Effect of ee kernel powder on Fusarium wilt of tomato when used as soil amendment. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics 105 (1), 3 – 69.
Lakashmi R, Jeyarajan R. 1987. Biological controls of crossandra wilt by organic amendment. In: Biological control of plant disease. A workshop. Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatone P. 35.
Larkin RP, Fravel DR. 1998. Efficacy of various fungal and bacterial biocontrol organisms for the control of Fusarium wilt of tomatoes. Plant Disease 82, 1022 – 1028.
Litterick AM, Hamler L. 2004. The role of uncomposted materials, composts, manure and compost extracts in reducing pests and disease incidence and severity in sustainable temperate agricultural and horticultural crop production: A review. Critical Review in Plant Sciences 23(6), 453– 479.
Rini CR, Sulochanu KK. 2007. Usefulness of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas against Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum infecting tomato. Journal of Tropical Agriculture 45(12), 21 – 28.
Segarra G, Reis M, Casanova E, Trillas MI. 2009. Control of powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) in tomato by foliar application of compost tea. Journal of Plant Pathology 91(3), 683-689.
Scheverell SJ, Mahaffee WF. 2004. Compost tea as a container medium disease for suppressing seedling damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum. Phytopathology 94, 1156 – 1163.
Sivakumar S, Kasthuri H, Prabha D, Senthilkumar P, Subbharam CV, Song YC. 2009. Efficiency of composting Parthemium plants and neem leaves in the presence and absence of an oligocheate, Elnesia fetida. Iranian J. of Environmental Health & Science Engineering 6(3), 201 – 208.
Singh N, Singh N. 1970. Effect of oilcake amendment of soil on population of some wilt pathogen. Indian Journal of Pythopathology 35, 300 – 305.
Singh RS. 2005. Plant Diseases. 5th Edition Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd New Delhi.
Weltzien HC. 1990. The use of composted materials for leaf disease suppression in field crops. P. 115 – 120. In: Crop protection in organic and low-input agriculture. BCPC Monographs No. 45, British crop protection control, Farham, Surrey, England.
Weltzien HC. 1991. Biocontrol of foliar fungal diseases with compost extracts. In: Microbial Ecology of Leaves. (eds.) J. H. Andrew; S. S. Hirano. Springer Verkley, New York. p. 430 – 450.
Wong MY. 2003. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. PP728 Soil borne plant pathogen class project, spring 2003. Available at http:// www.cals.ncsu.edu/pp728/Fusarium/Fusarium_ox ysporum.htm. Date assessed 2nd February 2008.
Yohalem DS, Nordhorn EY, Andrews TH. 1996. The effect of water extracts of spent mushroom compost on apple scab in the field. Phytopathology 86, 914 – 922.
Zakaria MA, Lockwood JT. 1980. Reduction in Fusarium population in soil by oil seed meal amendments. Phytopathology 70, 240 – 244.
S.G Haruna, S.A. Adebitan, A.U. Gurama, 2012. Field evaluation of compost extracts for suppression of Fusarium wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum F. sp. Lycopersici. Int. J. Agron. Agric. Res., 2(4), 7-17.
Copyright © 2012 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.