Fluctuating asymmetry in larvae of Brachythemis sp. (Odonate: Libellulidae) in relation to habitat conditions in four small Rivers in Tropical area (Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa)
Paper Details
Fluctuating asymmetry in larvae of Brachythemis sp. (Odonate: Libellulidae) in relation to habitat conditions in four small Rivers in Tropical area (Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa)
Abstract
Random and subtle deviations from bilateral symmetry (fluctuating asymmetry) have long been of interest to biologists who wish to study the susceptibility of organisms to changes in environmental quality. We examined fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in larvae of the genus Brachythemis sp. (Odonata: Libellulidae) from four small, relatively disturbed rivers (Banco, Anguédédou, Dougodou and Bou) in Côte d’Ivoire as a water quality assessment tool. In situ measurements of water pH, temperature, conductivity and dissolved oxygen were made at two sampling points along each river. Water was sampled and analyzed in the laboratory for nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, manganese, and ammonium concentrations. The left and right sides of 11 segments were photographed separately using a portable digital microscope (Celestron 2.0). Thus, the perimeter, the surface area of both sides of the labial palp, the ocular diameter, and the length of the different appendages (femur, tibia, and tarsus) of the 3 legs were measured using the imageJ measurement software. This study revealed that the water quality of each river affects the developmental stability of Brachythemis sp. We concluded that the length of the first femur (LF1) and the length of the third tibia (LT3) are useful bioindicators for this taxon because the impact of fluctuating asymmetry on these traits was strongly associated with five physicochemical parameters of each River.
AFNOR. 1997. Qualité de l’eau. Recueil des normes Francaises Environnementales.
Ahoussi E, Soro N, Koffi BY, Soro G, Biemi J. 2010. Origine de la minéralisation des eaux des aquifères discontinus sous couvert forestier de la zone Sud de la Côte d’Ivoire: Cas de la région d’Abidjan-Agboville. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4(3).
Al-Shami SA, Che Salmah MR, Abu Hassan A, Siti Azizah MN. 2011. Fluctuating asymmetry of Chironomus spp.(Diptera: Chironomidae) larvae in association with water quality and metal pollution in Permatang Rawa River in the Juru River Basin, Penang, Malaysia. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 216, 203-216.
Al-Shami SA, Hishamuddin SN, Rawi CSM, Abdul N, Ahmad A. 2014. Developmental instability in Odonata larvae in relation to water quality of Serdang River, Kedah, Malaysia. Life Science Journal 11, 152-159.
Almeida D, Almodóvar A, Nicola G, Elvira B. 2008. Fluctuating asymmetry, abnormalities and parasitism as indicators of environmental stress in cultured stocks of goldfish and carp. Aquaculture 279, 120-125.
Ani AP, Konan KM, Edia OE, Niamien-Ebrottié JE, Ouattara M. 2020. Comparative analysis of fish assemblages in three mining areas (Diamond, Gold and Manganese) of Ivory Coast. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 8, 176-185.
Arienzo M, Adamo P, Rosaria Bianco M, Violante P. 2001. Impact of land use and urban runoff on the contamination of the Sarno river basin in southwestern Italy. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 131, 349-366.
Bahroun S, Nouri N, Smida B. 2022. Use of Quality and Organic Pollution Indices in the Physico-Chemical Quality Assessment of Kébir Wadi East Surface Waters, Extreme North East Algeria. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 32, 43-58.
Bechshøft TØ, Rigét FF, Wiig Ø, Sonne C. 2008. Fluctuating asymmetry in metric traits; a practical example of calculating asymmetry, measurement error, and repeatability. Annales Zoologici Fennici 45, 32-38.
Bell MA, Foster SA. 1994. Introduction to the evolutionary biology of the threespine stickleback. The evolutionary biology of the threespine stickleback 1-27.
Bhattacharyay G, Sadhu A, Mazumdar A, Chaudhuri P. 2005. Antennal deformities of chironomid larvae and their use in biomonitoring of heavy metal pollutants in the river Damodar of West Bengal, India. Environmental monitoring and assessment 108, 67-84.
Bourlière F. 1972. Avenard JM., Eldin M., Girard G., Sircoulon J., Touchebeuf P., Guillaumet JL, Adjanohoun E., Perraud, A. Le milieu naturel de la Côte-d’Ivoire. Paris, Mémoires de l’ORSTOM, n° 50, 1971. Revue d’Écologie (La Terre et La Vie) 26, 139-140.
Camara AI, Diomande D, Gourene G. 2014. Impact des eaux usées et de ruissellement sur la biodiversité des macroinvertébrés de la rivière Banco, Côte d’Ivoire. Sciences de la vie, de la terre et Agronomie 2(1).
Chang X, Zhai B, Dickman CR, Su C. 2009. Effects of the mixture of avermectin and imidacloprid on mortality and developmental stability of Copera annulata (Odonata: Zygoptera) larvae. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 96, 44-50.
Charvet S, Kosmala A, Statzner B. 1998. Biomonitoring through biological traits of benthic macroinvertebrates: Perspectives for a general tool in stream management. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 142, 415-432.
Clarke GM. 1993. Fluctuating asymmetry of invertebrate populations as a biological indicator of environmental quality. Environmental pollution 82, 207-211.
Clarke GM. 1995. Relationships between developmental stability and fitness: application for conservation biology. Conservation biology 9, 18-24.
Corbet PS. 1999. Dragonflies: behaviour and ecology of Odonata. Harley books.
Dolný A, Harabiš F, Bárta D, Lhota S, Drozd P. 2012. Aquatic insects indicate terrestrial habitat degradation: Changes in taxonomical structure and functional diversity of dragonflies in tropical rainforest of East Kalimantan. Tropical Zoology 25, 141-157.
Dudka S, Adriano DC. 1997. Environmental impacts of metal ore mining and processing: A review. Journal of Environmental Quality 26, 590-602.
Eblin S, Sombo A, Soro G, Aka N, Kambiré O, Soro N. 2014. Hydrochimie des eaux de surface de la région d’Adiaké, Côte d’Ivoire. Journal of Applied Biosciences 75, 6259-6271.
Edia O, Bony K, Konan K, Ouattara A, Gourène G. 2013. Distribution of aquatic insects among four costal river habitats, Côte d’Ivoire. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences 2, 68-77.
Fessehaye Y, Komen H, Rezk MA, van Arendonk JA, Bovenhuis H. 2007. Effects of inbreeding on survival, body weight and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture 264, 27-35.
Hogg ID, Eadie JM, Williams DD, Turner D. 2001. Evaluating fluctuating asymmetry in a stream-dwelling insect as an indicator of low-level thermal stress: A large-scale field experiment. Journal of Applied Ecology 1326-1339.
Jean-renaud A, Armand K, Roland DK, Yves BK. 2022. Influence des paramètres physico-chimiques sur la distribution des mollusques aquatiques dans les étangs rizicoles et piscicoles de la ville de Daloa (Centre-ouest, Côte d’Ivoire). International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies 35, 513-522.
Juen L, Cabette HSR, De Marco P. 2007. Odonate assemblage structure in relation to basin and aquatic habitat structure in Pantanal wetlands. Hydrobiologia 579, 125-134.
Júnior CDSM, Juen L, Hamada N. 2015. Analysis of urban impacts on aquatic habitats in the central Amazon basin: adult odonates as bioindicators of environmental quality. Ecological Indicators 4, 303-311.
Kalkman VJ, Clausnitzer V, Dijkstra KDB, Orr AG, Paulson DR, Van Tol J. 2008. Global diversity of dragonflies (Odonata) in freshwater. Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment 351-363.
Knoben R, van Oirschot M, Roos C. 1995. Biological assessment methods for watercourses. RIZA.
Koffi YB, Okara HE, Kouassi AM, Ahoussi KE, Kamagate A. 2020. Cartographie des sources de pollution et caractéristiques physico-chimiques d’une rivière péri-urbaine: Cas de la Djibi dans le District d’Abidjan. Afrique Science 17, 138-153.
Kozlov M, Niemelä P, Mälkönen E. 2002. Effects of compensatory fertilization on pollution-induced stress in Scots pine. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 134, 305-316.
Lanmandjekpogni MP, de Paule Codo F, Yao BK. 2019. Pollution des eaux de surface par les éléments nutritifs et lien avec l’urbanisation à l’échelle des bassins versants de l’Okpara à Parakou (Bénin). International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies 27, 33-42.
Leary RF, Allendorf FW. 1989. Fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of stress: implications for conservation biology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 4, 214-217.
MacDonald EE, Taylor BR. 2006. Incidence of mentum deformities in midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Northern Nova Scotia, Canada. Hydrobiologia 563, 277-287.
Marneffe Y, Comblin S, Bussers JC, Thomé JP. 1996. Biomonitoring of the water quality in the river Warche (Belgium): impact of tributaries and sewage effluent. Netherlands Journal of Zoology 46, 337-350.
Merritt RW, Cummins KW. 1996. An introduction to the aquatic insects of North America. Kendall Hunt.
Nangah K, Yao-Kouamé A, Yao G, Kouakou Y, Alui K, Savan I. 2012. Attributs physico-chimiques et contrainte à la productivité agricole des sols du site manganésifère de Lauzoua (Guitry) en Côte d’Ivoire. Journal of Applied Biosciences 50, 3459-3467.
Ouattara AA, Sangare N, Yao KM, Trokourey A, Diaco T. 2021. Evaluation de la contamination des éléments traces métalliques dans les sédiments de la rivière N’zi, Côte d’Ivoire. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, 2199-2208.
Palmer AR. 1994. Fluctuating asymmetry analyses: a primer. Developmental instability: its origins and evolutionary implications: proceedings of the international conference on developmental instability: Its origins and evolutionary implications, Tempe, Arizona 14-15.
Palmer AR, Strobeck C. 1986. Fluctuating asymmetry: measurement, analysis, patterns. Annual review of Ecology and Systematics 17, 391-421.
Palmer AR, Strobeck C. 2003. CH 17. Fluctuating asymmetry analyses revisited. Developmental Instability: Causes and Consequences, Oxford University Press, Oxford 279-319.
Renaud-Hellier E. 2006. Gestions de l’eau et du développement urbain dans l’espace dijonnais: quels modes d’intégration territoriale. Revue géographique de l’Est 46, 1-2.
RStudio Team. 2020. Integrated Development Environment for R, Boston, MA, RStudio, PBC http://www.rstudio.com
Séniva OD, David TL, Edia EO. 2022. Aquatic macro invertebrate contribution in leaf litter breakdown in tropical mining area streams (Côte d’Ivoire). Journal of Ecology and The Natural 14, 77-85.
Servia M, Cobo F, González M. 2004. Multiple-trait analysis of fluctuating asymmetry levels in anthropogenically and naturally stressed sites: A case study using Chironomus riparius Meigen, 1804 Larvae. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 90, 101-112.
Stals R. 2007. Guides to Freshwater Invertebrates of Southern Africa: Coleoptera. Water Research Commission.
Stevens AL, Siaka B, Naminata K. 2022. Qualité des eaux de petits barrages du nord et centre de la Côte d’Ivoire à partir des macroinvertébrés aquatiques. International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies 35, 523-533.
Tachet H, Richoux P, Bournaud M, Usseglio-Polatera P. 2010. Invertébrés d’eau douce: systématique, biologie, Écologie 15, 89-10. CNRS éditions Paris.
Talhaoui A, El Hmaidi A, Jaddi H, Ousmana H, Manssouri I. 2020. Calcul de L’Indice de Qualité de l’Eau pour l’évaluation de la qualité physico-chimique des eaux superficielles de L’Oued Moulouya, Maroc. European Scientific Journal 16, 64-85.
Tyagi S, Sharma B, Singh P, Dobhal R. 2013. Water quality assessment in terms of water quality index. American Journal of Water Resources 1, 34-38.
Wallace JB, Grubaugh JW, Whiles MR. 1996. Biotic indices and stream ecosystem processes: results from an experimental study. Ecological Applications 6, 140-151.
WfHC. 2004. Water For a Healthy Country. CSIRO. https://www.cpbr.gov.au/cpbr/WfHC/Odonata/Synthemis-macrostigma-illust.html
WHO. 2011. Guidelines for drinking-water quality. WHO Chron 4, 104-108.
Yao KAF. 2018. Développement d’une méthodologie pour une meilleure évaluation des impacts environnementaux de l’industrie extractive. Thèse de doctorat, Université Montpellier; Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Côte d’Ivoire.
Yidana SM, Yidan A. 2010. Assessing water quality using water quality index and multivariate analysis. Environmental Earth Sciences 59, 1461-1473.
Konaté Nakouma, Konan K. Mexmin, Koné Y. Wayrawele, Edia O. Edia (2023), Fluctuating asymmetry in larvae of Brachythemis sp. (Odonate: Libellulidae) in relation to habitat conditions in four small Rivers in Tropical area (Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa); JBES, V23, N3, September, P124-138
https://innspub.net/fluctuating-asymmetry-in-larvae-of-brachythemis-sp-odonate-libellulidae-in-relation-to-habitat-conditions-in-four-small-rivers-in-tropical-area-cote-divoire-west-africa/
Copyright © 2023
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0