home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Fungi of post-harvest deterioration of carrot (Daucus Carota L.) and antifungal potential of essential oils of Cymbopogon Citratus and Citrus Sinensis

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/06/2021
Views (562) Download (40)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Fungi of post-harvest deterioration of carrot (Daucus Carota L.) and antifungal potential of essential oils of Cymbopogon Citratus and Citrus Sinensis

Kelogkou Nana Giovannie Elodie, Yaouba Aoudou, Maptue Fotso Barbara, Kouam Djoko Idriss, Nyaka Ngobisa Aurélie
Int. J. Biosci.18( 6), 129-138, June 2021.
Certificate: IJB 2021 [Generate Certificate]
Key: CarrotEssential oilsIn vivo activityPathogenicityPost-harvest fungi

Abstract

This work focused on the study of fungi associated with post-harvest carrot degradation (Daucus Carota L.) in the Dschang markets and the evaluation of the antifungal potential of essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus and Citrus sinensis. Samples were collected from Dschang markets and associated fungi were isolated and identified. The in vivo antifungal effect of Cymbopogon citratus (40 and 120 ppm) and Citrus sinensis (600 and 800 ppm) essential oils was evaluated on carrots inoculated with three fungal species. Thirteen fungal species, including Botrytis cinerea (23%), Rhizoctonia carotae (21%), Cladosporium herbarium (18%), Verticillium albo atrum (10%) and Geotrichum candidum (11%) were isolated from the decayed samples. Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia carotae, Cladosporium herbarium and Verticillium albo atrum were pathogenic on carrot roots and lesions caused varied according to the fungal species from 8.83 cm2 (R. carotae) to 5.48 cm2 (Botrytis cinereal). In vivo results showed that the essential oils used significantly reduced the development of fungi on carrots compared to the control. Lesions developed on carrots inoculated with fungi and treated at different doses of Cymbopogon citratus and Citrus sinensis essential oils ranging from 1.1 to 1.77 cm2 and 1.38 to 2.04 cm2 respectively, were significantly lower than those developed on untreated control carrots (7 to 9 cm2). C. citratus essential oil was found to be more effective than Citrus sinensis. Based on these results, the use of these essential oils can constitute a potential or suitable alternative to synthetic fungicides to fight against post-harvest fungi of carrots.

VIEWS 103
Cover PDF

Addar H, Azzedine Nour EL, Houda. 2016. Etude de l’influence de quelques facteurs sur le comportement « in vitro » de Verticillium sp., agent de la Verticilliose de l’olivier et évaluation de l’effet antifongique de l’extrait méthanoïque de Salvia officinalis à son égard, Mémoire soutenu en vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Master en Agronomie option Protection des Cultures, 34 pages.

Adebayo BC, Tayo N, Odu Esen CU, Okonko TO. 2012. Microorganisms associated with spoilage of stored vegetables in Uyo metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Nature and Science 10, 23-32.

AGRI-STAT. 2012. Annuaire des statistiques du secteur Agricole Campagne 2009 et 2010. N° 017. Direction des Enquêtes et Statistiques Agricoles du Ministère de l’Agriculture et du Développement Rural-Cameroun, 123 pages.

Aktaruzzaman MD, Joon-Young K, Sheng-Jun X, Byung-Sup K. 2014. First Report of Postharvest Gray mold rot on Carrot Caused by Botrytis cinereal in Korea. Research Plant Diseases 20, 129-131.

Allain-Boulé N, Lévesque CA, Martinez C, Bélanger RR, Tweddell RJ. 2004.  Identification of Pythium  species  associated  with  cavity-spot  lesions  on  carrots  in  eastern  Quebec.  Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 26, 365 – 370.

Arikpo IO, Effiong Udo S, Eso Eka M, Kingsley Hovana Enyi-Idoh, Nsor O, Alobi, Magdalene Obi-Abang. 2013. Antifungal Activity of Extracts of Scent Leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) and Alligator Pepper (Aframomum melegueta) on the Post-Harvest Decay of Carrot in Calabar, Nigeria, Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 14, 26-29.

Arscot SA, Tanumihardio SA. 2010. Carrots of many colors provide basic nutrition and bio-available phytochemicals acting as a functional food. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 9, 223-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541- 4337. 2009. 00103.x

Barnett HL, Hunter BB. 1998. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. St. Paul: The American Phytopathological Society, 216 pages.

Berinyuy JE. 2004. A solar tunnel dryer for natural convection drying of vegetables and other commodities in Cameroon.  Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin Flavour Fragrance Journal 25, 351 – 366.

Bukar A, Mukhtar MD, Adamu S. 2009. Isolation and identification of postharvest spoilage fungi associated with sweet oranges traded in kano metropolis. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 2, 122- 124.

Caccioni DRL, Guizzardi M, Biondi DM, Agatino R, Ruberto G. 1998. Relationship between volatile components of citrus fruit essential oils and antimicrobial action on Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum. International Journal of Food Microbiology 43, 73-79.

Caccioni DRL, Guizzardi M. 1994. Inhibition of germination and growth of fruit and vegetable postharvest pathogenic fungi by essential oil components. Journal of Essential Oil Research 6, 173-179.

Caccioni D, Deans S. 1993. Action of citrus fruits essential oils on germination of Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum. In International Symposium on Industrial Crops and Products. Pisa, Italy, 22–24.

Carlos J, Dias S. 2014. Nutritional and Health Benefits of Carrots and Their Seed Extracts. Food and Nutrition Sciences 5, 2147-2156, http://dx.doi.org/0.4236/fns.

Chuku AC, Effiong EL, Sam NR. 2010. Oil Price Distortions and Their Shortand Long-Run Impacts on the Nigerian Economy, 24434.

Dharmawan J, Kasapis S, Sriramula P, Lear MJ, Curran P. 2008. Evaluation of aroma-active compounds in Pontianak orange peel oil (Citrus nobilis Lour. Var. microcarpa Hassk.) by gas chromatography-olfactometry, aroma reconstitution, and omission test. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemestry 57, 239-244.

Droby, Lichter. 2007. Post-Harvest Botrytis Infection: Etiology, Development and Management. Botrytis: Biology, Pathology and Control, 349-367.

Eni AO, Oluwawemitan TO, Solomon OU. 2010. Microbial quality of fruits and vegetables sold in Sango Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. African Journal of Food Science 5, 291-296.

Essing FB. 2013. What’s in a Family? The Apiaceae. Florida Gardening 18, 36-37.

Ewekeye TS, Oke OA, Quadri AI, Isikalu AO, Umenwaniri MO, Durosinmi ML. 2013. Studies on Post-Harvest Deterioration of Some Fruits and Vegetables in Selected Markets in Lagos State, Nigeria، American Journal of Research Communication 10, 209-223.

FAO. 2014. Annuaire statistique de la FAO en Afrique: Organisation des nations unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture.

Gilbert G. 2001.  Ces intrus qui mangent nos carottes.  Ministère de l’agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l’Alimentation. Journées agricoles de Montréal – Laval – Lanaudière, Canada, 1erfévrier 2001, p 5.

Joseph Arul, Russell Tweddell, Niankan Kouassi, Robert Muvunyi, Ronan Corcuff, Gayathri Haridas. 2010. Alternative à l’emploi des fongicides pour les carottes entreposées par un moyen sain et sécuritaire pour l’environnement: résistance naturelle induite aux maladies dans les carottes entreposées par traitement pré-entreposage avec la lumière UV, Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, p 2.

Khatoon A, Mohapatra A, Satapathy KB. 2016. Fungi Associated with Storage Rots of Colocasia

esculenta L. Tubers in Bhubaneswar City, Odisha. British Microbiology Research Journal 12, 1-5.

Kouame M, Kamagate C, Koffi M, Die-Kakou R, Yao, Kakou A. 2016. Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf: ethnopharmacologie, phytochimie, activités pharmacologiques et toxicology, Lavoisier Phytothérapie  6, 384-392.

Kurt S, Soylu EM, Soylu S, Tok FM. 2005. First report of crater rot caused by Rhizoctonia carotae on Carrots (Daucus carota) in Turkey. Plant Pathology 54, 251.

Le Cam, Rouxel F, Villeneuve F. 1992. Analyse de la flore fongique de la carotte au froid: prépondérance de Mycocentrospora acerina (Hartig) Deighton. Agronomie, EDP Sciences 13, 125-133.

Mahale DP, Ranjana GK, Varsha KV. 2008. Microbiological Analysis of street vended Fruit juices from Mumbai city India. Internet Journal of Food Safety 10, 31-34.

Mercier J, Arul J, Ponnampalam R, Boulet M. 1993. Induction of 6-Methoxymellein and resistance to storage pathogens in carrot slices by UV-C. Journal of Phytopatology 137, 44 – 54.

Mesa-Arango AC, Montiel-Ramos J, Zapata B, Durán C, Betancur-Galvis L, Stashenko E. 2009. Citral and carvone chemotypes from the essential oils of Colombian Lippia alba (Mill.) NE Brown: composition, cytotoxicity and antifungal activity. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 104, 878-884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S007402762010000200013

Moayad Salh Hussin. 2018. Survey of the Fungi that Infect Imported Carrot (Daucus carota L.) in the Areas of Baghdad. Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 29, 2018 ISSN: 2521-3520 (online).  http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v29i4428.

Nikos Tzortzakis G, Costas ED. 2007. Antifungal activity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus L.) essential oil against key postharvest pathogens. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 8, 253-258.

Ntagmo TH, Temgoua E, Njine T. 2012. Physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of the vegetable watering water in the Dschang Town, Cameroun, Journal of Environnemental Protection 3, 949-955.

Onawunmi GO. 1989. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of citral. Letter of Applied Microbiology 9, 105-108.

Sessou P, Souaïbou F, Kaneho S, Djenontin S, Guy Alain Alitonou, Azokpota P, Issaka Y, Sohounhloué D. 2012. Bioefficacy of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil against foodborne pathogens in culture medium and in traditional cheese wagashi produced in Benin. International Research Journal of Microbiology 3, 406-415.

Sharma KD, Karki S, Thakur NS, Attri S. 2012. Chemical composition, functional properties and processing of carrot – a review of Journal of Food Science and Technology 49, 22-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0310-7

Shuman JL. 2001. Anthracnose Fruit Rot Resistance in Strawberry. PhD Thesis Faculty of North Carolina State University (USA), p 121.

Souza ELD, Lima EDO, Freire KRDL, Sousa CPD. 2005. Inhibitory action of some essential oils and phytochemicals on the growth of various moulds isolated from foods. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48, 245-250.

Speizer FE, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Rosner B, Hennekens C. 1999. Prospective study of smoking, antioxidant intake and lung cancer in middle aged women, cancer causes control 10, 475-482.

Van-Hung P, Chi PT, Phi NT. 2013. Comparison of antifungal activities of Vietnamese citrus essential oils. Natural Products Research 27, 506–508.

Vitoratos A. Bilalis D, Karkanis A, Efthimiadou A. 2013. Antifungal activity of plant essential oils against Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici 41, 86-92.

Vogt V, Cifuente D, Tonn C, Sabini L, Rosas S. 2013. Antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo of extracts and lignans isolated from Larrea divaricata Cav. against phytopathogenic fungus. Industrial Crop Production 42, 583-586.

Wuryatmo E, Klieber A, Scott ES. 2003. Inhibition of citrus postharvest pathogens by vapor of citral and related compounds in culture. Journal of Agriculture and Food. Chemistry 51, 2637-2640.

Yong-Ki K, Taek-Soo K, Hong-Sik SH, Kyung Seok P, Wan-Hae Y, Sung-Jun H, Chang-Ki SH, Jeong-Soon K, Jong-Ho P, Eun-Jung H, Min-Ho L, Hyeong-Jin J. 2011. First Report of Sour Rot on Post-harvest Oriental Melon, Tomato, Cucumber, Potato, Pumpkin and Carrot Caused by Geotrichum candidum. Research Plant Diseases 17, 232-234.

Zhu SJ. 2006. Non-chemical approaches to decay control in postharvest fruit. In: Noureddine, B., Norio, S. (Eds.), Advances in Postharvest Technologies for Horticultural Crops. Research Signpost, Trivandrum, India, 297–313.

Submit Manuscript