Greenhouse gas emission: A case in the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta

Paper Details

Research Paper 04/08/2024
Views (6) Download (1)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Greenhouse gas emission: A case in the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta

Mitchie M. Roa, Judy Marie R. Zoleta
J. Bio. Env. Sci.25( 2), 8-19, August 2024.
Certificate: JBES 2024 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has temporarily decreased the greenhouse gas emissions of the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta. However, as the pandemic became manageable, face-to-face classes were reimplemented in 2022, therefore utilizing laboratories and facilities to comply with the respective course requirements of the students, which caused an increase in emissions. Using the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, this study estimates the total entity-level greenhouse gas emission of the campus for the base year 2022 under business-as-usual economic activity. This study investigates the comparison between emissions of mobile and stationary sources and the Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions. The results revealed that the majority (96.18%) of Scope 1 emission was contributed by stationary combustion sources followed by mobile combustion sources with 0.3494 tCO2e and 0.01388 tCO2e, respectively, indicating a statistically significant difference. The Scope 2 emission contributes to the majority (99.07%) of the greenhouse gas emission with 38.5277 tCO2, while the Scope 1 emission only contributes 0.93% with 0.3633 tCO2e, further indicating a statistically significant difference. Based on the results, the greenhouse gas emission of the campus was 38.8910 tCO2e with an emission per capita of 0.0311 tCO2e, which was below the national average. Generally, there is a need for the campus to intensify commitments to climate actions, particularly in energy conservation, as this scope contributes to the majority of greenhouse gas emissions.

VIEWS 1

Amon B, Çinar G, Anderl M, Dragoni F, Kleinberger-Pierer M, Hörtenhuber S. 2021. Inventory reporting of livestock emissions: The impact of the IPCC 1996 and 2006 guidelines. Environmental Research Letters 16(7), 075001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac0848

Bollettino V, Alcayna-Stevens T, Sharma M, Dy P, Pham P, Vinck P. 2020. Public perception of climate change and disaster preparedness: Evidence from the Philippines. Climate Risk Management 30, 100250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2020.100250

Climate Watch. 2023. Historical GHG emissions. https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions?

Cortes A, Dos Muchangos L, Tabornal KJ, Tolabing HD. 2022. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the carbon footprint of a Philippine university. Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability 2(4), 045012. https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/acaa52

Dagnachew A, Hof A, Soest HV, Vuuren DV. 2021. Climate change measures and sustainable development goals. PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.

Denchak M. 2021. Paris climate agreement: Everything you need to know. NRDC. https://www.nrdc.org/stories/paris-climate-agreement-everything-you-need-know

DENR-EMB 10. 2020. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report.

Department of Energy. n.d. 2015-2017 National Grid Emission Factor (NGEF). https://www.doe.gov.ph/electric-power/2015-2017-national-grid-emission-factor-ngef

Durana AL. 2017. Towards a low-carbon economy for the Philippines. NAST Philippines. https://nast.ph/index.php/13-news-press-releases/301-towards-a-low-carbon-economy-for-the-philippines

European Commission. 2023. GHG emissions of all world countries. EDGAR – The Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research. https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2023?vis=ghgpop#emissions_table

Ghasemzadeh K, Sadati Tilebon SM, Nasirinezhad M, Basile A. 2018. Economic assessment of methanol production. Science and Engineering, 613-632. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63903-5.00023-6

IPCC. 2014. Climate change 2014: Synthesis report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/05/SYR_AR5_FINAL_full_wcover.pdf

IPCC. 2022. 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/2019-refinement-to-the-2006-ipcc-guidelines-for-national-greenhouse-gas-inventories/

Liu L, Liang Q. 2017. Changes to pollutants and carbon emission multipliers in China 2007–2012: An input-output structural decomposition analysis. Journal of Environmental Management 203, 76-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.061

Liu D, Guo X, Xiao B. 2019. What causes growth of global greenhouse gas emissions? Evidence from 40 countries. Science of the Total Environment 661, 750-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.197

Murshed M, Apergis N, Alam MS, Khan U, Mahmud S. 2022. The impacts of renewable energy, financial inclusivity, globalization, economic growth, and urbanization on carbon productivity: Evidence from net moderation and mediation effects of energy efficiency gains. Renewable Energy 196, 824-838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.07.012

Official Gazette. 2007. Republic Act No. 9367. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2007/01/12/republic-act-no-9367/

Olatayo KI, Mativenga PT, Marnewick AL. 2021. Comprehensive evaluation of plastic flows and stocks in South Africa. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 170, 105567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105567

Paculba L, Mabida R, Perico G, Magsayo M. 2023. Assessment of entity level greenhouse gas emissions: A case in Northwestern Mindanao State College of Science and Technology, Tangub City, Misamis Occidental, Philippines. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 23(6), 15-25.

Raiser K, Kornek U, Flachsland C, Lamb WF. 2020. Is the Paris Agreement effective? A systematic map of the evidence. Environmental Research Letters 15(8), 083006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab865c

Roa M. 2022. Entity-level greenhouse gas emission of University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Oroquieta. American Journal of Environment and Climate 1(3), 6-11. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajec.v1i3.665

Tribe H. 2018. Climate change impact on communities in the Philippines: A review of current literature and policies. Asia Pacific Perspectives 15(2), 30-48.

UNFCC. 2021. The Paris Agreement. https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement

United Nations. n.d. The 17 goals. Sustainable Development. https://sdgs.un.org/goals

US EPA. 2023. Overview of greenhouse gases. https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases

WHO. 2018. Sustainable development goals & air pollution. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/air-quality-and-health/policy-progress/sustainable-development-goals-air-pollution

World Bank. 2005. Natural disaster risk management in the Philippines: Reducing vulnerability. Open Knowledge Repository. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/8754

Yue X, Gao Q. 2018. Contributions of natural systems and human activity to greenhouse gas emissions. Advances in Climate Change Research 9(4), 243-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2018.12.003