Growth and yield of the Indonesian local rice variety (Oryza sativa cv. Mentik Susu) cultivated organically with the application of cow manure and rice husk biochar

Paper Details

Research Paper 16/12/2023
Views (320) Download (34)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Growth and yield of the Indonesian local rice variety (Oryza sativa cv. Mentik Susu) cultivated organically with the application of cow manure and rice husk biochar

Sutarno, D. W. Widjajanto, Sumarsonot, Septrial Arafat, M. Iqbal Fauzan, M. Ghani Agam Sas, Fajrin P. Putra, Jon A. E. Tumanggor
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res.23( 6), 37-42, December 2023.
Certificate: IJAAR 2023 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

The research was aimed to obtain the role of cow manure (CM) and rice husk biochar (RHB) on the performance of one of Indonesian local varieties that was rice cv. Mentik Susu.  A 3×3 split plot experiment with a completely randomized block design was used throughout the study. The main plot consisted of three levels of CM, CM-0 = no added-CM; CM-36 and CM-72 were added 36 and 72 ton CM/ha, respectively.  The sub plot was three RHB levels, RHB-3, RHB-6 and RHB-9, respectively for 3, 6 and 9 ton RHB/ha. This research was conducted from June to September 2021, experimentally in the rice fields of Ketapang Village, Susukan Sub-District, Semarang District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. It is located at coordinates 7°24’22″S – 110°36’33″E at an altitude of 613 meters above sea level. The activity of observing destructive plant samples was carried out at the Ecology and Plant Production Laboratory, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia, located at 6o50′-7o10′ S – 109o35′-110o50’ E. The parameters observed were plant height, number of tillers, leaf greenness, leaf chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, plant growth rate, plant dry weight, percentage of productive tillers, rice yield per hectare, and weight of 1000 grains. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Treatments that showed a significant effect on the observed parameters were further tested using the Honestly Significant Difference (Tukey HSD) with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the application of 36 tons of CM/ha and 9 tons of RHB/ha was a treatment combination that provides optimal results. However, because the rice yield between the 36 ton CM/ha and 9 ton RHB/ha treatments was not significantly different to the rice yield in the 36 ton CM/ha and 3 ton RHB/ha treatment, therefore, the 36 ton CM/ha and 3 ton  RHB/ha treatments can be recommended to be applied on organically rice cultivation, especially rice cv. Mentik Susu.

VIEWS 115

Blanco-Canqui H,  Shapiro CA, Wortmann CS, Drijber RA, Mamo M, Shaver TM, Ferguson RB. 2013. Soil organicc carbon: the value to soil properties. J. Soil Water Conservation 68(5), 129-134.

Butnan S, Vityakon P. 2023. Lengths of time of rice husk biochar incorporation before planting affect soil properties and rice yield. Agronomy 13(6), 1445-1457.

Chaudhary VP, Singh KK, Pratibha G, Ranjan B, Shamim M, Srinivas I, Anurag P. 2017. Energy conservation and greenhouse gas mitigation under different production systems in rice cultivation. Energy 130, 307-317.

FAO. 2009. OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2011-2030.

Haryuni H, Wirati S, Minardi, Supriyadi. 2020. Assessment of soil quality in organik and non-organik paddy fields with technical irrigation system in Susukan. Polish J. Soil Sciences 53(1), 81-95.

Khanafi A, Yafizham, Widjajanto DW. 2018. The effectiveness of bio-slurry and inorganic fertilizer combination on the performance of rice (Oryza sativa L). J. Applied Chemical Sciences 5(1), 415-418

Mulyo IT, Marzuki S,  Santoso SI. 2012. Analisis kebijakan pemerintah mengenai budidaya sapi potong di Kabupaten Semarang. Animal Agricultural J. 1(2), 266-277.

Mustofa, Widjajanto DW. 2021. Peningkatan Pengetahuan varietas padi lokal melalui kegiatan pertanian organik dalam mewujudkan kemandirian, ketahanan dan kedaulatan pangan. Book chapter ISBN: 9786239544539. Indonesian Food Technologiests, Semarang.

Nan Q, Wang C, Wang H,  Yi Q, Liang B, Xu J, Wu W. 2020. Biochar drives microbially-mediated rice production by increasing soil carbon. J. Hazardous Materials 387, 121680.

Padmanabha IG, Arthagama IDM, Dibia IN. 2014. Pengaruh dosis pupuk organik dan anorganik terhadap hasil padi (Oryza sativa L.) dan sifat kimia tanah pada inceptisol kerambitan tabanan. E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika 3(1), 41-50.

Sudarsono WA, Melati M, Aziz SA. 2014. Growth and yield of organic rice with cow manure application in the first cropping season. Agrivita 36 (1), 19-25.

Supriyadi, Pratiwi MK, Minardi S, Prastiyaningsih NL. 2020. Carbon organic content under organic and conventional paddy field and its effect on biological activities (A case study in Pati Regency, Indonesia). Caraka Tani: J. Sustainable Agriculture 35(1), 108-116.

Supriyadi, Vera ILP, Purwanto. 2021. Soil quality at rice fields with organik, semi-organik and inorganik management in Wonogiri Regency. Caraka Tani: J. Sustainable Agriculture 36(2), 259-269.

Wang W, Lai DYF, Wang C, Tong C, Zeng C. 2016. Effects of inorganicc amendments, rice cultivars and cultivation methods on greenhouse gas emissions and rice productivity in a subtropical paddy Feld. Ecological Engineering 95, 770–778.

Widjajanto DW, Sumarsono, Purbajanti ED. 2021. Effect of silicate fertilizer on the growth and yield of two local Indonesian varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Indian J. Agricultural Research 55, 463-467.

Widjajanto DW, Purbajanti ED, Sumarsono, Kristanto BA. 2023. The effect of dolomite and silicon application on Rice (Oryza sativa cv. Situ Bagendit) cultivation on its performance. International J. Agronomy and Agricultural Research 22(2), 21-26

Zhang Z, Liu H, Liu X, Chen Y, Lu Y, Shen M, Dang K, Zhao Y, Dong Y, Li Q,  Li J. 2020. Organic fertilizer enhances rice growth in sever saline-alkali soil by increasing soil bacterial diversity. Soil Use Managemnet 38(29).