Impact of education/training on the behavior of farmers regarding adoption of safety measures, protective gears, proper handling & disposal of pesticides
Paper Details
Impact of education/training on the behavior of farmers regarding adoption of safety measures, protective gears, proper handling & disposal of pesticides
Abstract
Modern Agriculture increased the excessive use of agrochemicals especially pesticides which polluted the environment and become a serious threat to bios/life .The study was conducted in uplands of Balochistan (Quetta, Pishin and Ziarat districts) which are commonly known as fruit basket of Pakistan. It was to assess the education/trainings impact on the farmer’s behavior in safe usage of pesticides. Information gathered from 150 farmers of target districts through semi structured face to face interviews and statistically analyzed by SPSS. Findings revealed that education had significant impact the farmers’ perception about pesticides usage. Farmers using protectives gears during the pesticides spray (wearing gloves, Spectacles, gum boot, cover mouth/head by cloth and change dress after spray) highly influenced by education level 78%, 56%, and 32%, having education of graduate, secondary and primary respectively. Educated farmers were careful in storage and expiry of pesticides while uneducated farmers stored pesticides in residing rooms/ used expired pesticides. The adoption of safety measures during the spray, such as wind direction, smoking, eating/drinking and cleaning of pesticide equipment was have significant impact of erudite. The trend of burying empty pesticide containers among graduate, secondary and uneducated were 87%, 26%, 11% respectively whereas 56% uneducated and 53% secondary educated farmers thrown empty containers openly on farms and even 33% uneducated farmers used these pesticide containers for domestic utensils. The study depicts that education/trainings played vital role in improving the behavior of farmers regarding safe usage, handling and disposal of pesticides.
Abubakar M, Mala MA, Mumin A, Zainab T, Fatima AA. 2015. Perceptions of environmental effects of pesticides use in vegetable production by farmers along river Ngadda of Maiduguri, Nigeria. J Agric Environ Sci 4(1), 212-215.
Adeola RG. 2012. Perception of environmental effect of pesticides use in vegetable production of by farmers in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Global J Sci Frontier Res Agric Biol 12(4), 73-78.
Ahmad I. 2004. Pesticide residues in fortified water, soil, food, fruits and vegetable samples in Pakistan. J Exp Zool India 7, 67-72.
Ahmed K. 1980. Scope of cultural control of pest. Pak Agric 3(1).
Al-Zain BF, Mosalami J. 2014. Pesticides usage, perceptions, practices and health effects among farmers in North Gaza, Palestine. Indian J Appl Res 4(6), 17-22.
Amera T, Abate A. 2008. An Assessment of the Pesticide Use, Practice and Hazards in the Ethiopian Rift Valley, Addis Abada, Ethiopia: Pesticide Action Network (PAN-UK) and Institute for Sustainable Network. DOI: 10.1080/193382 4 4 .2011.598891
Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK. 2008. Farmers understanding of pesticides safety labels and field spraying practices: a case study of cotton farmers in northern Coted’ivoire. Sci Res Essays 2, 204-210. https://academicjournals.org/journal/SRE/article-abstract/24F36AA1275
Anwar T, Ahmad I, Tahir S. 2011. Determination of pesticide residues in fruits of Nawabshah district, Sindh, Pakistan. Pak J Bot 43, 1133-1139
Banjo AD, Aino SA, Rije OI. 2010. Farmers’ knowledge and perception towards herbicides and pesticide usage in Fadama area of Okun-Owa, State of Nigeria. Afr J Basic App Sci 2 (5-60), 188-194.
Chau NDG, Sebesvari Z, Amelung W, Renaud FG. 2015. Pesticide pollution of multiple drinking water sources in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: evidence from two provinces. Environ Sci Pollution Res 22(12), 9042-9058.
Dasgupta S, Meisner C, Huq M. 2005. Health effects and pesticide perception as determinants of pesticide use: Evidence from Bangladesh. The World Bank. https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs /10. 1596 /1813-9450-3776
Das R, Steege A, Baron S, Beckman J, Harrison R. 2001. Pesticide-related illness among migrant farm workers in the United States. Int J Occupational Environ Health 7(4), 303-312. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/107735201800339272
Damalas CA, Eleftherohorinos IG. 2011. Pesticides exposure, safety issues, and risk assessment indicators. Int J Environ Public Health 8(5), 1402-1419. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/8/5/1402/htm
Fitzgibbon CT, Morris LL. 1987. How to Design a Program Evaluation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. https://books.google.com.pk/books?hl
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2002. Submission and evaluation of pesticide residues data for the estimation of maximum residue levels in food and feed. FAO, Rome, pp 1-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.11.031
Ibitayo OO. 2006. Egyptian farmers’ attitude and behaviors regarding agricultural pesticides: Implication for pesticide education. Risk analysis 26(4), 989.
Irshad M. 1999. “Disposal of pesticides,’ The Nation, Lahore, June 20, 1999.
Jones E, Mabota A, Larson DW. 2009, Farmers’ knowledge of health risks and protective gear associated with pesticide use on cotton in Mozambique. J Developing Areas 42, 267-282. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/251971/summary
Khan MJ, Zia MS, Qasim M. 2010. Use of pesticides and their role in environmental pollution. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 48, 122-128.
Mahantesh N, Singh A. 2009. A study on farmers’ knowledge, perception and intensity of pesticide use in vegetable cultivation in western Uttar Pradesh. Pusa Agri Sci 32, 63-69.
Pakistan Economic Survey. 2014-15. Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance. www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapters_15/Highlights.pdf.
Reiler E, Jørs E, Bælum J, Huici O, Caero MMA, Cedergreen N. 2015. The influence of tomato processing on residues of organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides and their associated dietary risk. Sci Total Environ 527, 262-269. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969715300152https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.08
Sefa VA, Asare-Bediako E, Kenyon L, Micah JA. 2015. Pesticide use practices and perceptions of vegetable farmers in Cocoa Belts of the Ashanti and Western Regions of Ghana. Adv Crop Sci Technol 3, 1-10.
Sharma D, Nagpal A, Pakade YB, Katnoria JK. 2010. Analytical methods for estimation of organo phosphorus pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables: A review. Talanta 82(4), 1077-1089. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0039914010004893
Shetty PK, Murugan M, Hiremath MB, Sreeja KG. 2010. Farmers’ education and perception on pesticide use and crop economies in Indian agriculture. J Exp Sci 1(1), 3-8. http://upda tepublishing.com/journal/index.php/jes/article/vie
Salameh PR, Baldi I, Brochard P, Abi Saleh B. 2004. Pesticides in Lebanon: a knowledge, attitude, and practice study. Environ Res 94(1), 1-6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0013935103000926
Tandi TE, Wook CJ, Shendeh TT, Eko EA, Afoh CO. 2014. Small-scale tomato cultivators’ perception on pesticides usage and practices in Buea Cameroon. Health 6, 2945-2958.
WHO. 2006. The Impact of Pesticides on Health: Preventing Intentional and Unintentional Deaths from Pesticide Poisoning, Geneva: World Health Organization. Available http://who.int/mental _health /prevention/suicide/en/PesticidesHealth2.
Wilson C, Tisdell C. 2001. Why farmers continue to use pesticides despite environmental, health and Sustainability costs. Ecol Econ 39, 449-462. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921800
Yadava CP, Lal SS. 1997. “Studies on host plant resistance against gram pod borer Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea”. In symposium on integrated pest management for sustainable crop protection, Organized by division of Entomology, Indian Research Institute, New Delhi. 37 India, 2-4 December, 1997. http://zsp.com.pk/pdf44/1081-1089%20_27_%20PJZ-887-12%202nd%20revision %20%20of%20MS%20oviposition%20and%20%20larval%20development-17.4.12.pdf
Yasin G, Aslam M, Parvez I, Naz S. 2003. Socio-economic correlates of pesticide usage: the case of citrus farmers. J Res Sci 14, 43-48.
Zyoud SH, Sawalha AF, Sweileh WM, Awang R, Al-Khalil SI, Al-Jabi SW, Bsharat NM. 2010. Knowledge and practices of pesticide use among farm workers in the West Bank, Palestine: safety implications. Environ Health Preven Med 15, 252-261. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2886885/
Syed Habib Ullah Shah, Dr. Maqsood Ahmad Khan, Dr. Tahir Anwar Khan, Dr. Mohammad Gohram, Dr. Arif Shah Kakar (2021), Impact of education/training on the behavior of farmers regarding adoption of safety measures, protective gears, proper handling & disposal of pesticides; JBES, V19, N2, August, P43-50
https://innspub.net/impact-of-education-training-on-the-behavior-of-farmers-regarding-adoption-of-safety-measures-protective-gears-proper-handling-disposal-of-pesticides/
Copyright © 2021
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0