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In ovo exposure to commercial artificial sweeteners causes congenital malformations in chick embryos- A morphological study

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Research Paper 08/02/2024
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In ovo exposure to commercial artificial sweeteners causes congenital malformations in chick embryos- A morphological study

Eman Al-Hazmi, Aisha Alrofaidi, Fatma Al-Qudsi
Int. J. Biosci.24( 2), 133-145, February 2024.
Certificate: IJB 2024 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Chick embryoCommercial artificial sweetenersCongenital malformationsGrowth retardation

Abstract

Manufactured dietary sweeteners are spreading worldwide replacing the use of sucrose in nutrition. Artificial sweeteners are also used to manage weight, reduce calories and avoid dental problems. This study investigated the potential teratogenic effects that may arise from the consumption of a specific commercial artificial sweetener on chick embryo development on specific selected embryonic days 7, 10, 14, and 18. The fertilized chicken eggs were divided into 3 main groups control, vehicle control, and treated. The used sweetener contained (sorbitol, acesulfame K, and sucralose). Before incubation, the artificial sweetener solution (40 mg/kg body weight) was injected into the air sac of the treated group, while the vehicle control was injected with saline solution. Then embryos were incubated and sacrificed on the selected days. The results showed body growth alteration in the selected embryonic days. In addition, several congenital malformations were seen in these embryonic days such as subcutaneous bleeding, brain deformation, feather absence, abdominal hernia, and limb deformation. In conclusion, this study highlights some of the adverse effects of a selected commercial artificial sweetener used by many consumers and shows that the congenital malformations that resulted were caused by the combined effect of the selected sweetener components (sorbitol, acesulfame K and sucralose).

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