In vitro activity of selected ruminant Sera on Trypanosoma brucei brucei Plimmer & Bradford, 1899

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/07/2021
Views (345) Download (34)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

In vitro activity of selected ruminant Sera on Trypanosoma brucei brucei Plimmer & Bradford, 1899

Felicite Djieyep-Djemna, Ishaya Haruna Nock, Thelma Aken’Ova, Ezekiel Kogi, Armand Claude Noundo Djieyep
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res.19( 1), 24-30, July 2021.
Certificate: IJAAR 2021 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro Trypanosoma brucei brucei activity of sera from some ruminants viz: West African dwarf goat, Red Sokoto goat, Sahel goat, Yankassa sheep, Uda sheep, Balami sheep, N’Dama cattle, Sokoto Gudali cattle, Friesian cross/Bunaji cattle, White Fulani cattle. Blood samples from donor ruminants were screened using thick film and haematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT). to ensure that they were free from trypanosomes. Trypanosoma brucei brucei (Federe strain) was suspended in RPMI supplemented with FCS. After addition of each test serum, the motility of the parasite was used as index of viability. Among the sera from selected small ruminants, only the West African Dwarf goat serum exhibited some anti-trypanosomal activities in vitro, with a slight inhibition index/Anti-trypanosomal Activity Index (ATI) of 0.29, and a significant reduction (P<0.05) in survival time of 21.33±1.15 hours compared with that of all the sera from other small ruminants including the control (30.00±0.00 hours). On the other hand, among the sera from selected large ruminants, only the N’Dama cattle serum showed some anti-trypanosomal activities in vitro, with an inhibition index/ATI of 0.38, and a significant reduction (P<0.05) in survival time of 18.67±1.15 hours compared with that of all the sera from other large ruminants including the control (30.00±0.00 hours). The in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of sera from West African Dwarf goat and the N’Dama cattle was cidal in nature. The in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of West African Dwarf goat serum appeared to be related to the xanthine oxidase (XO) activity; the highest ATI of this serum coincided with the highest XO content. This study shows that sera from West African Dwarf goat and N’Dama cattle have innate immunity against T. brucei brucei.

VIEWS 30

Black SJ and Vandeweerd V. 1989. Serum lipoproteins are required for multiplication of Trypanosoma brucei under axenic conditions. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 37, 65-72.

Black SJ, Wang Q, Makadzange T, Li Y, Van Praagh A, Loomis M and Seed JR. 1999. Anti-trypanosoma brucei activity of nonprimate zoo sera. American Society of Parasitology Journal of Parasitology, 85(1), 48-53.

Bulus T, Atawodi SE, Mamman M. 2008. In vitro antitrypanosomal activity and phytochemical screening of aqueous and methanol extracts of Terminalia avicennioides. Nigerian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 23(1), 7-11.

Chamond N, Cosson A, Blom-Potarmc, Jouvion G, D’Archivio S, Medina M, Droin-Bergère S, Huerre M, Goyard S, Minoprio P. 2010. Trypanosoma vivax Infections: Pushing Ahead with Mouse Models for the Study of Nagana. I. Parasitological, Hematological and Pathological Parameters. PloS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10: 4(8), e792.

Djieyep-Djemna F, Kogi E, Nock IH, Aken’Ova TOL. 2017. A Model for Determination of In Vitro Trypanosomal Activity Status of Sera Using an Anti-Trypanosoma Activity Index (ATI). Paper presented at the 2017 conference of the Parasitology and Public Health Society of Nigeria. October 16-21, 2017 at the Umaru Musa YarAdua University, Katsina. Abstract No. PPSN/2017/ABS/115. P. 84.

D’leteren GDM, Authié E, Wissocq N and Murray M. 1998. Trypanotolerance, an option for sustainable livestock production in areas at risk from trypanosomosis. Revue scientifique et technique (Office international des Epizooties) 17(1), 154-175.

Geerts S, Osaer S, Goossens B and Faye D. 2009. Trypano-tolerance in small ruminants of sub-Saharan Africa. Trends in Parasitology, 25(3), 132-138.

Gutierrez C, Corbera JA, Morales M. Büscher P. 2006. Trypanosomosis in goats. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1081, 300-310.

Hornby HE. 1921. Trypanosomes and trypanosomiasis of cattle. Journal of Comparative Pathology 34, 211-240. https://abu.edu.ng/zaria-at-a-glance.html

ILRAD. 1986. Annual Report of the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, Nairobi, Kenya.

Le Tissier PR, Peters J, Skidmore CJ. 1994. Development of an assay method for purine catabolic enzymes in the mouse and its adaptation for use on an autoanalyzer. Analytical Biochemistry 222, 168-175.

Morrison WI, Murray M, mcIntyre WIM. 1981. Bovine trypanosomiasis. In: Diseases of Cattle in the Tropics. Economic and Zoonotic Relevance. M. Ristic and ImcIntyre Eds. Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Vol. 6, The Hague: Martinus Nyhoff. pp. 469-497.

Morrison WI, Murray M. 1985. The role of humoral immune responses in determining susceptibility of A/J and C57B1/6 mice to infection with Trypanosoma congolense. Parasite Immunology 7, 63-80.

Muranjan M, Wang Q, Li Y, Hamilton E, Otieno-Omondi FP, Wang J, Van Praagh A, Grootenhuis JG, Black SJ. 1997. The Trypanocidal Cape Buffalo Serum Protein is Xanthine Oxidase. American Society for Microbiology. Infection and Immunity 65(9), 3806-3814.

Murray M. 1974. The pathology of African trypanosomiasis. In: Progress in Immunology II. L. Brent and J. Holborow, eds. Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Company pp. 181-192.

Ng’ayo MO, Njiru KZ, Kenya UE, Muluvimg, Osir OE and Masiga KD. 2005. Detection of trypanosomes in small ruminants and pigs in western Kenya: important reservoirs in the epidemiology of sleeping sickness? Kinetoplastid Biology and Disease 4, 5.

Ouchterlony O, Nilsson LA. 1978. Immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. In: Handbook of experimental immunology, DM Weir (Ed), 3rd Ed., Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publication 19.16.-19.28.

Paling RW, Moloo SK, Scott JR, mc Odimba FA, Logan-Henfrey LL, Murray M, Williams DJ. 1991. Susceptibility of N’Dama and Boran cattle to tsetse-transmitted primary and rechallenge infections with a homologous serodeme of Trypanosoma congolense. Parasite Immunology 13(4), 413-425.

Reduth D, Grootenhuis JG, Olubayo RO, Muranjan M, Otieno-Omondi FP, Morgan GA, Brun R, Williams DJL, Black SJ. 1994. African buffalo serum contains novel trypanocidal protein. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 41, 95-103.

Thomson R, Genovese G, Canon C, Kovacsics D, Higgins MK, Carrington M. 2014. Evolution of the primate trypanolytic factor APOL1. Proceedings of National Academic Sciences, USA. National Academic Sciences 111, 2130-2139.

Thomson R, Molina-Portela P, Mott H, Carrington M, Raper J. 2009. Hydrodynamic gene delivery of baboon trypanosome lytic factor eliminates both animal and human-infective African trypanosomes. Proceeding of National Academic Sciences USA 106, 19509-19514.

Trail JC, D’Ieteren GD, Teale AJ. 1989. Trypanotolerance and the value of conserving livestock genetic resources. Genome 31(2), 805-812.