Influence of different tillage and cropping systems on weeds density and crops yield under rainfed condition

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/08/2015
Views (428) Download (8)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Influence of different tillage and cropping systems on weeds density and crops yield under rainfed condition

Mehmood-Ul-Hassan, Muhammad Azim Malik, Muhammad Ansar, Rahmatullah Qureshi, Irfan Aziz, Awais Ali
Int. J. Biosci.7( 2), 225-240, August 2015.
Certificate: IJB 2015 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

In rainfed areas main reason of poor crops stand is the weed infestation as well as mono cropping and conventional tillage practices round the year. Different tillage practices and cropping systems can suppress weeds growth and ultimately can improve crops yield. The present field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different tillage practices and cropping system on weeds density, moisture conservation and crops yield at University Research Farm Koont Rawalpindi (Pakistan) during 2013-2015. Different tillage and cropping systems used during the experiment were T1= 3 cultivations (Drill sowing), T2= Mold board+ 2 cultivations (Drill sowing), T3= Chisel + 2 cultivations (Bed planting), and T4= Minimum tillage + Glyphosate (Drill sowing) CS1= Wheat- Fallow- Wheat Fallow, CS2 = Wheat + Brassica- Fallow- Wheat + Brassica- Fallow, CS3 = Wheat + Chickpea- Fallow- Wheat + Chickpea- Fallow, CS4 = Wheat- Guar (Green manuring) – Wheat- Guar (Green manuring) . Strip plot design was used to carry this experiment with three replications. Weed density and yield and yield components of wheat, brassica and chickpea were recorded during the experiment. The study showed that tillage treatment T2 along with cropping system CS3 followed by CS2 controls weeds population density more affectively. Whereas, yield of crops also enhanced by tillage treatment T2 along with cropping system CS3 followed by CS2.

VIEWS 8

Ali S, Malik MA, Ansar M, Qureshi R. 2014. Weed growth dynamics associated with rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) establishment under different tillage systems in Pothwar. Plant Animal and Environmental sciences 4, 146-154.

Arachchi VLP. 2009. Effect of deep ploughing on the water status of highly and less compacted soils for coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) production in Sri Lanka. Soil and Tillage Research 103, 350-355.

Arif M. 2009. Agro-economic studies of various cropping patterns under Pothwar conditions. Ph.D Thesis, University Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Arif M, Malik MA. 2009. Economic feasibility of proposed cropping patterns under different moisture regimes of Pothwar plateau. Agricultural Biology 11, 27_32. http://www.fspublishers.org

Aslam M, Mehmood G. 2003. Economic feasibility of crop rotations under different rainfall zones. Agriculture 35, 23-27.

Azhar MR, Javanmard A, Shekari F, Pourmohammad A, Esfandyari E. 2013. Evaluation of yield and yield components chickpea (Cicer  arietinum  L.)  in  intercropping  with  spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova, 75-85 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10298-012-0106-6.

Beiranvand M, Mehranzadeh M, Shahrbanoonezhad M. 2013. The Effect of No-tillage method and the amount of consumed seed on wheat yield. Zoological Research 2, 103-108. http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html

Bilalis D, Karkanis A, Pantelia A, Patsiali S, Konstantas A, Efthimiadou A. 2012. Weed populations are affected by tillage systems and fertilization practices in organic flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) crop. crop sciences 6, 157-163.

Bolliger A, Magid J, Amado TJC, Neto FS, Santos Ribeiro MF, Calegari A, Ralisch R, Neergaard AD. 2006. Taking stock of the Brazilian “Zero Till Revolution. A review of landmark research and farmers’ practice. Adv. Agronomy 91, 47–110.

Dorado J, Pez-Fando L. 2006. The effect of tillage system and use of a paraplow on weed flora in a semiarid soil from central Spain. Weed Research 46, 424-431. http://www.10.1111/j.1365-3180.2006.00526.x

Ehsanullah Khan, Qamar R, Ghaffar A, Mustafa G. 2013. Impact of tillage and mulch on water conservation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under rice-wheat cropping system. Agriculture Research 121-129.

Govaertsa B, Sayreb KD, Deckers J. 2005. Stable high yields with zero tillage and permanent bed planting. Field Crops Research 94, 33-42.

Gugliemini AC, Satorre EH. 2004. The effect of non-inversion tillage and light availability on dispersal and spatial growth of cynodon dactylon. Weed Research 44, 366-374.

Hadda MS, Arora S. 2006. Soil and nutrient management practices for sustaining crop yields under maize-wheat cropping sequence in sub-mountain Punjab, India Dept. of soils, Punjab Agri Uni. Soil and Environ Ludhiana, India 25, 1-5.

Hassan MU, Qayyum A, Razzaq A, Ahmad M, Mahmood I, Khan SU, Jenks MA. 2013. Evaluation of maize cultivars for drought tolerance based on physiological traits associated with cell wall plasticity. Jokull 63, 466-478.

Hossain IM, Karim SMR, Hossain MI, Islam MS, Mandal RI, Tiwary TP. 2012. Weed growth and grain yield in wheat and rice as affected by tillage system and weed management practices in rice-wheat cropping system in Bangladesh. Weed Science Research 18, 775-783.

Hugar HY, Palled YB. 2008. Effect of intercropping vegetables on maize and associated weeds in maize-vegetable intercropping systems. Agricultural Sciences 21, 159-161.

Jin H, Hongwen L, Xiaoyan W, McHugh AD, Wenying L, Huanwen G, Kuhn NJ. 2007. The adoption of annual subsoiling as conservation tillage in dryland maize and wheat cultivation in northern China. Soil and Tillage Research 94, 493-502. http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissionusemater ial

Khan MI, Jan A, Hussain N, Jan MT, Qadoos M. 2011. Rainfed wheat response to tillage and nitrogen, Sarhad Agriculture, 54-67.

Lenssen AW, Johnson GD, Carlson GR. 2007. Cropping sequence and tillage system influences annual crop production and water use in semiarid Montana. USA, Field Crops Research 100, 32-43. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/22239708 9

Lima CLR, Reinert DJ, Reichert JM, Suzuki LEAS. 2010. Yield of crops and soil resistance to penetration of the Alfisol under different management. Pesq. Agropec. Bras 45, 89-98.

Lithourgidis AS, Dordas CA, Damalas CA, Vlachostergios DN. 2011. Annual intercrops: an alternative pathway for sustainable agriculture. Crop Sciences 4, 396-410. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/22493483 2

Madejon E, Moreno F, Murillo JM, Pelegrn F. 2007. Soil biochemical response to long-term conservation tillage under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. Soil Tillage Research 94, 346-352. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/22306226 3

Mikanova O, Simon T, Javurek M, Vach M. 2012. Relationships between winter wheat yields and soil carbon under various tillage systems. Plant Soil Environment 58, 540-544.

Mira K, Ranogajec L, Samota D. 2008. Effects of soil tillage and herbicides on weeds and winter wheat yields. Faculty of Agri, Josip Juraj Strossmayer Uni in Osijek. Tara Lesna, Slovakia, 56-63.

Mohammad W, Shah SM, Shehzadi S, Shah SA. 2012. Effect of tillage, rotation and crop residues on wheat crop productivity, fertilizer nitrogen and water use efficiency and soil organic carbon status in dry area (rainfed) of north-west Pakistan. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 12, 715-727. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S07189516201200500002 7

Mohammadi K, Eskandar M, Heidari G, Nezhad MTK. 2011. Brassica traits and some soil biological parameters in response to fertilization and tillage management. Biotechnology 10, 14067-14072. http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB

Montserrat JES, Granados FL, Andujar JLG, Torres LG. 2005. Characterizing Population growth rate of convolvulus arvensis in wheat-sunflower no-tillage systems. Crop Sciences 45, 2106-2112.

Nester M, Madakadze C, Twomlow S, Nyamangara J, Hove L. 2013. Crop yield and weed growth under conservation agriculture in semi- arid Zimbabwe. Dept of Plant Production and Soil Sci; University of Pretoria. Weed Science Research  19, 109-121. http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/6019

Ofosu-Anim J, Limbani NV. 2007. Effect of intercropping on the growth of cucumber and okra as affected by intercropping. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 9, 594-597. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/485810

Onyari CAN, Ouma JP, Kibe AM. 2010. Effect of tillage method and sowing time on phenology, yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under semi-arid conditions in Kenya. Applied Biosciences 34, 2156-2165.

Ozpinar S, Ozpinar A. 2011. Influence of tillage and crop rotation systems on economy and weed density in a semi-arid region. Agricultural Sciences 13, 769-784. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/26488695 6

Page AL, Miller RH, Keeney DR. 1982. Methods of  soil  analysis,  part  2.  2nd  ed.  Am.  Soc.  No.  9. Madison USA, 506-509.

Qayyum A, Sadiq M, Awan IU, Khan EA, Ullah HURK, Ullah R, Khattak MS. 2013. Weed management in wheat-oilseeds inter/relay cropping system and planting patterns. Pakistan Weed Sciences Research 19, 503-511.

Ramesh SS, Kumar RS. 2014. Weed dynamics and productivity of maize-wheat cropping system as influenced by tillage/planting techniques. International Sciences 3, 1059 -1070.

Ranjbar H, Mansouri  M,  Salar MR, Ala A. 2014. Effects of different tillage system, seeding method and rates on yield and seed oil percentage of rapeseed. Advance Biology Biom Research 2, 192-201.

Serraj R, Krishnamurthy L, Kashiwagi J, Kumar J, Chandra S, Crouch JH. 2004. Variation in root traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown under terminal drought. Field Crops Research 88, 115-127. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/222673144

Singh Y, Singh VP, Singh G, Yadav DS, Sinha RKP, Johnson DE, Mortimer AM. 2011. The implications of land preparation, crop establishment method and weed management on rice yield variation in the rice–wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic plains. Field Crops research 121, 64-74.

Streit B, Rieger SB, Stamp P, Richner W. 2003. Weed populations in winter wheat as affected by crop sequence, intensity of tillage and time of herbicide application in cool and humid climate. Weed Research 43, 20-32.

Subedi  H.  2013.  Wheat  weed  identification  and

management under cereal production system Nepal. Sustain Sociology 3, 74-85. http://www.10.11634/216825851302470

Takim FO, Yomi OF. 2010. Influence of tillage and cropping systems on field emergence, growth of weeds and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Dept of Agron; Uni of Ilorin, Nigeria. Agricultural Engineering 1, 141-148.

Tomm GO, Foster RK. 2001. Effect of intercropping wheat with forage legumes on wheat production and ground cover, Pesq agropec. Brasilia 36, 465-471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100204X20010003000 10

Torresen KS, Skuterud R, Tandae THJ, Hagemo MB. 2003. Effects on weed flora, weed seedbank and grain yield. Crop Protection 22, 185-200.

Uzun B, Yol E, Furat S. 2012. The influence of row and intra-row spacing to seed yield and its components of winter sowing brassica in the true mediterranean type environment. Agricultural Sciences 18, 83-91.

Verhulst N, Ken D, Vargas SM, Crossaa J, Deckers J, Raes D, Govaerts B. 2011. Wheat yield and tillage-straw management system × year interaction explained by climatic co-variables for an irrigated bed planting system in northwestern Mexico. Field Crops Research 124, 347-356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.07.002

Wozniak A. 2013. The yielding of pea (Pisum sativum L.) under different tillage conditions. Acta Science 12, 133-141.

Xing-bin DU, Chen C, Li-jun L, Long-ping X, Kang L, Yin-hua C, Xin-qiao YU. 2014. Long-term no-tillage direct seeding mode for water-saving and drought-resistance rice production in rice-rapeseed rotation system. Rice Science 21, 210-216