Influence of source limitation on yield and yield components of wheat
Paper Details
Influence of source limitation on yield and yield components of wheat
Abstract
To study the response of wheat spike growth, final grains weight and seed traits to increase assimilate availability by modifying source-sink relationships during the grain growth period in a wheat cultivar “Pirsabak-2013”. A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of source limitation on yield and yield component of wheat at Amir Muhammad Khan Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, during winter season, 2015. At anthesis stage eight source reduction treatments (normal plant (N) as control, removal of 2nd + 3rd leaf, removal of 2nd + 3rd + 4th leaf, removal of 2nd +4th +5th leaf, removal of 4th + 5th + 6th leaf, removal of 4th + 5th leaf, removal of flag leaf (FLR), removal of all leaves (ALR) were applied. The results indicated that all source limitations significantly affected all observed parameters. Shortest spike (8.9 cm), lowest spike weight (1.4 g), grain spike-1 (32.6 d), thousand grain weight (21.2 g), grain yield (1569 kg ha-1) and biological yield (4588 kg ha-1), seed length (5.4 mm), seed width (2.3 mm), seed thickness (2.2 mm) and lower sphericity (0.55) was recorded in case of all leaves removal followed by flag leaf removal, highest percent deduction was also observed for most of the above parameters in these treatments, while removal 2nd +3rd leaves increased most of the observed parameters followed by or statistically similar with normal. From the results it was concluded that flag leaf is the most important photosynthetic organ during grain filling stage and wheat verity “Pirsabak-2013” is source limited during grain filling, further genetic improvement is needed to increase photosynthetic efficiency of this verity under agro-climate condition of central region of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Abdoli M, Saeidi M, Jalali-Honarmand S, Mansourifar S, Ghobadi ME, Cheghamirza K. 2013. Effect of source and sink limitation on yield and some agronomic characteristics in modern bread wheat cultivars under post anthesis water deficiency. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 101, 173-182. doi.org%2F10.12692%2Fijb%2F5.5.52-59
Acreche MM, Slafer GA. 2006. Grain weight response to increases in number of grains in wheat in a Mediterranean area. Field Crops Research 98, 52-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.12.005
Ahmadi A, Jodi M, Tavakoli A, Ranjbar M. 2009. Investigation of yield and its related morphological traits responses in wheat genotypes under drought stress and irrigation conditions. JWSS-Isfahan University of Technology 12, 155-165.
Ahmadizadeh M, Shahbazi H, Valizadeh M, Zaefizadeh M. 2011. Genetic diversity of durum wheat landraces using multivariate analysis under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6, 2294-2302.
Alam M, Rahman A, Nesa M, Khan S, Siddquie N. 2008. Effect of source and/or sink restriction on the grain yield in wheat. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 4, 258-261.
Alizadeh O, Farsinejad K, Korani S, Azarpanah A. 2013. A study on source-sink relationship, photosynthetic ratio of different organs on Yield and Yield Components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 5, 69-79. http://dx.doi.org/IJACS/2013/5-1/69-79
Anjum MM, Afridi MZ, Iqbal MO, Akhtar K, Khan K, Khalid S, Zahid M. 2016. Foliar spray of ammonium sulphate on yield and yield components of canola. International Journal of Current Trends in Pharmacobiology and Medical Sciences 1(1), 56-60.
Bijanzadeh E, Emam Y. 2010. Effect of defoliation and drought stress on yield components and chlorophyll content of wheat. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 13, 699-705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2010.699.705
Bi̇rsi̇n MA. 2005. Effects of removal of some photosynthetic structures on some yield components in wheat. Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi 11, 364-367.
Blum A, Mayer J, Golan G. 1988. The effect of grain number per ear (sink size) on source activity and its water-relations in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany 39, 106-114.
Borrás L, Slafer GA, Otegui MaE. 2004. Seed dry weight response to source–sink manipulations in wheat, maize and soybean: a quantitative reappraisal. Field Crops Research 86, 131-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.002
Borrás L, Slafer GA, Otegui ME. 2004. Seed dry weight response to source–sink manipulations in wheat, maize and soybean: a quantitative reappraisal. Field Crops Research 86, 131-146.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2003.08.002
Borrás L, Westgate M, Otegui M. 2003. Control of kernel weight and kernel water relations by post‐flowering source–sink ratio in maize. Annals of Botany 91, 857-867.
Brown TA, Jones MK, Powell W, Allaby RG. 2009. The complex origins of domesticated crops in the Fertile Crescent. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 24, 103-109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2008.09.008
Calderini DF, Reynolds MP. 2000. Changes in grain weight as a consequence of de-graining treatments at pre-and post-anthesis in synthetic hexaploid lines of wheat (Triticum durum x T. tauschii). Functional Plant Biology 27, 183-191.
Chanishvili SS, Badridze GS, Barblishvili T, Dolidze M. 2005. Defoliation, photosynthetic rates, and assimilate transport in grapevine plants. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 52, 448-453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11183-005-0066-x
Cruz-Aguado JA, Reyes F, Rodes R, Perez I, Dorado M. 1999. Effect of source-to-sink ratio on partitioning of dry matter and 14 C-photoassimilates in wheat during grain filling. Annals of Botany 83, 655-665.
Dağüstü N. 2008. Genetic analysis of grain yield per spike and some agronomic traits in diallel crosses of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 32, 249-258.
Duggan B, Domitruk D, Fowler D. 2000. Yield component variation in winter wheat grown under drought stress. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80, 739-745.
Ehdaie B, Alloush G, Madore M, Waines J. 2006. Genotypic variation for stem reserves and mobilization in wheat. Crop Science 46, 2093-2103.
Ehdaie B, Alloush G, Waines J. 2008. Genotypic variation in linear rate of grain growth and contribution of stem reserves to grain yield in wheat. Field Crops Research 106, 34-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2007.10.01
Falihzade F, Mojadam M, Lack S. 2013. The effect of source-sink restriction and plant density changes on the role of assimilate remobilization in corn grain yield. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 5, 24-59.
Felekari H, Ghobadi ME, Ghobadi M, Jalali S, Honarmand MS. 2014. The effect of post anthesis source and sink limitation in wheat cultivars under moderate condition. International Journal of Biosciences 5, 52-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/5.5.5259
Fuller DQ. 2007. Contrasting patterns in crop domestication and domestication rates: recent archaeobotanical insights from the Old World. Annals of Botany 100, 903-924.
Ghaderi M, Zeinaali KH, Hosseinzadeh A, Taleei A, Naghavi M. 2009. Evaluation of relationships between grain yield, yield components and the other characteristics associated with grain yield in bread wheat using multivariate statistical analysis.
Gulmezoglu N, Alpu O, Ozer E. 2010. Comparative performance of triticale and wheat grains by using path analysis. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16, 443-453.
Harcha CI, Calderini DF. 2014. Dry matter and water dynamics of wheat grains in response to source reduction at different phases of grain filling. Chilean journal of agricultural research 74, 380-390. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S071858392014000400002
Imranuddin, Muhammad Arif, Shah Khalid, Nadia, Saddamullah, Muhammad Idrees, Muhammad Amir. Effect of seed priming, nitrogen levels and moisture regimes on yield and yield components of wheat. Pure and Applied Biology. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2017.60036
Jiang J, Hua G, Xu H, Ji C. 1999. Effects of different leaf-cutting treatments on dry matter production after heading and grain yield in wheat. Acta Agriculturae Shanghai 15, 83-86.
Kandić V, Dodig D, Jović M, Nikolić B, Prodanović S. 2009. The importance of physiological traits in wheat breeding under irrigation and drought stress. Genetika 41, 11-20.
Khalid S, Imranuddin, Nadia, Nadeem F, Saddamullah, Aamir M, Ghani F. 2017. Allolophatic effect of Parthenium liquid extract on mung bean germination ability and early growth. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research 11(4), 31-36.
Khalid S, Munsif F, Imranuddin N, Nadeem F, Ali S, Ghani F, Idrees M. 2018. Influence of source limitation on physiological traits of wheat. Pure and Applied Biology (PAB) 7, 85-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.70011
Khalid, S, Afridi MZ, Imranuddin, Nadia, Nadeem F, Aamir M, Saddamullah. 2017. Effect of sulfur foliar fertilization on reproductive growth and development of canola. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research 11(3), 61-67.
Khalid S, Afridi MZ, Munsif F, Imranuddin, Nadia. 2016. Effect of Sulphur foliar application on yield and yield components of brassica napus. International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Research 2(3), 282-287.
Kobata T, Palta JA, Turner NC. 1992. Rate of development of postanthesis water deficits and grain filling of spring wheat. Crop Science 32, 1238-1242.
Leilah A, Al-Khateeb S. 2005. Statistical analysis of wheat yield under drought conditions. Journal of Arid Environments 61, 483-496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.10.011
Mahfoozi S, Jasemi S. 2010. Study of the possibility of increasing grain yield by increasing grain weight in winter and facultative wheat genotypes with manipulating sink capacity. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences 12, 76-84.
Mohammadi M, Karimizadeh R, Shfezadeh MK. 2014. Source Sink Limitation on Spring Bread Wheat Genotypes in High and Low-Production Environments. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 24, 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.235909
Mohammadi M, Sharifi P, Karimizadeh R, Shefazadeh MK. 2012. Relationships between grain yield and yield components in bread wheat under different water availability (dryland and supplemental irrigation conditions). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 40, 195-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4017350
Radmehr M, Naderi A. 2004. A study on source-sink relationship of wheat genotypes under favourable and terminal heat stress conditions in Khuzestan.
Sala RG, Westgate ME, Andrade FH. 2007. Source/sink ratio and the relationship between maximum water content, maximum volume, and final dry weight of maize kernels. Field Crops Research 101, 19-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2006.09.004
Sandana PA, Harcha CI, Calderini DF. 2009. Sensitivity of yield and grain nitrogen concentration of wheat, lupin and pea to source reduction during grain filling. A comparative survey under high yielding conditions. Field Crops Research 114, 233-243.
Sen C, Toms B. 2007. Character association and component analysis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Research-Hisar- 34, 166-172.
Shahruddin S, Puteh A, Juraimi AS. 2014. Responses of source and sink manipulations on yield of selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies 1, 125-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.12720/joaat.1.2.125-131
Zhenlin W, Yanping Y, Mingrong H, Hongming C. 1998. Source-sink manipulation effects on postanthesis photosynthesis and grain setting on spike in winter wheat. Photosynthetica 35, 453-459.
Zhu GX, Midmore DJ, Radford B, Yule D. 2004. Effect of timing of defoliation on wheat (Triticum aestivum) in central Queensland: 1. Crop response and yield. Field Crops Research 88, 211-226.
Shah Khalid, Imranuddin, Faisal Nadeem, Sikander Azam, Shahid Ali, Nadia, Muhammad Ikramullah, Kamran Khan, Muhammad Idrees (2019), Influence of source limitation on yield and yield components of wheat; IJB, V14, N2, February, P1-12
https://innspub.net/influence-of-source-limitation-on-yield-and-yield-components-of-wheat/
Copyright © 2019
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0