Inheritance of agronomic traits in the generations from the cross between Arta and Arg wheat cultivars under water deficit stress
Paper Details
Inheritance of agronomic traits in the generations from the cross between Arta and Arg wheat cultivars under water deficit stress
Abstract
Knowledge about the type of gene action involved in the expression of a trait is essential for conducting a proper breeding program. In this investigation the inheritance of grain yield and twelve important agronomic traits of wheat was studied through generations mean analysis. The experiment was carried out in the experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran, for two years (2016 and 2017). The generations were produced from the cross of Arg and Arta varieties. In each year, a split plot design was conducted based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. The irrigation conditions were arranged in the main plots and generations in the subplots. In the stress condition, irrigation was withheld after pollination. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among generations or significant generation × yearinteraction for majority of the traits under study. Generation mean analysis at both normal and water deficit conditions revealed that additive, dominance and epistatic effects were involved in the inheritance of majority of these traits, with the ranges of 0.16-5.57, 0.32-164.16 and -0.02-153.9, respectively. However, the dominance effects and dominance by dominance interaction (from 3.69 to 153.9) were more important than other types. The average degree of dominance for all traits in both normal and water deficit conditions was greater than unity (from 1.94 to 3.81), which indicated the existence of over-dominance gene action in controlling the traits under investigation. In conclusion, our results indicated the necessity of exploiting dominance gene action in wheat breeding programs.
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