Local plants as sources of the phytoecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone
Paper Details
Local plants as sources of the phytoecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone
Abstract
Ecdysteroids derived their name from the insect molting process known as ecdysis. They are substances extensively explored as growth promoters for both plants and insects, essentially harmless to humans and appear to have a number of side effects that are considered to be beneficial. Physiologically active plant steroids known as phytoecdysteroids (PEs) contain structures like those of insect molting hormones are widely distributed in plants and acting as defense against phytophagous (plant-eating) insects. Numerous biological, pharmacological, and therapeutic features of PEs have been linked to their use in the treatment and prevention of both acute and chronic illnesses. The most abundant and common PE is the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Achyranthes aspera L., Amaranthus spinosus L., Ipomea pes-caprae L. and Portulaca oleracea L are common local plants in the Philippines and were investigated to determine the presence of 20E through High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Achyranthes aspera L., Amaranthus spinosus L., and Portulaca oleracea L. contained 2 peaks close to the retention time of the target compound. Ipomea pes-caprae L., only one peak is observed within ± 0.120 minutes. Plant samples, Ipomea pes-caprae L. and Portulaca oleracea L. had peaks with retention times not significantly different from that of the standard were found, indicating presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone in these samples. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) to confirm the presence or absence of 20E can be done as well to identify the other components of the samples, particularly those eluting near the retention time of 20E.
Adams Michael. 2003. Ecdysteroids. Encyclopedia of Insects. Resh, V & Carde, R. Eds. Academic Press, Elsevier Science, USA.
Arif Y, Singh P, Bajguz A, Hayat S. 2022. Phytoecdysteroids: Distribution, Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Activity, and Crosstalk with Phytohormones. Int J Mol Sci 23(15), 8664.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158664. PMID: 35955797; PMCID
Asha S, Rekha R, Sadiq AM. 2016. Amaranthus spinosus– A review. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology, and Life Sciences 5(9). Acadey for Environment and Life Sciences, India. eISSN: 2277-1808.
Chapman RF. 2013. The Insects. Structure and Function, 5th ed., Cambridge University Press, UK.
Daniel M, Mammen D. 2014. “Ecdysterone and Antioxidants in Purslane (Portulaca oleracea Linn.).” Asian Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, AJCPR 2(2), 137-139.
Dinan L, Lafont R. 2006. Effects and applications of arthropod steroid hormones (ecdysteroids) in mammals. The Journal of endocrinology 191(1), 1-8.
Dinan Laurence. 2009. The Karlson Lecture. Phytoecdysteroids: what use are they?. Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology 72(3), 126-141. https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.20334
Ganjir Minakshi, Dipti Ranjan Behera, Sunita Bhatnagar. 2013. “Phytochemical anlysis, csytotic and antioxidant potential of Ipomoea pes-caprae (L) R. Br and Merrenia umbellata (L) H. Hallier”. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 2(5).
Knothe G, Luis F Razon, Domingo A Madulid, Esperanza Maribel G Agoo, Maria Ellenita G de Castro. 2017. “Fatty Fatty Acid Profiles of Garuga floribunda, Ipomoe apes‐caprae, Melanolepis multiglandulosa and Premna odorata Seed Oils.” Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 94(2).
Kreis W, Muller-Uri F. 2010. “Biochemistry of sterols, cardiac glycosides, brassinosteroids, phytoecdysteroids and steroid saponins”. Biochemistry of Plant Secondary Metabolism. Annual Plant Reviews Vol. 40, 2nd ed., Wink, M., Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication, 304-347
Kurian JC. 2010. Amazing Healing Plants Vol. 1. Philippine Publishing House, ISBN 978-971-581-211-5.
Ladion-De Guzman H. 1985. Healing Wonders of Herbs. Philippine Publishing House, Manila, Philippines. ISBN 971-1019-01-9.
Niranjan Das, Siddhartha Kumar Mishra, Anusha Bishayee, Euns S Ali, Anupam Bishayee. 2021. The phytochemical, biological, and medicinal attributes of phytoecdysteroids: An updated review, Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Rojas-Sandoval and Acevedo-Rodríguez. 2012. Achyranthes aspera (Devil’s horsewhip). CABI Compendium. https://doi.org/10.1079/cabicom pend ium.2664
Sable KV, Saswade RR. 2017. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of Amaranthus spinosus leaves; International J. of Life Sciences 5(4), 742-745.
Stuart, G. n.d. “Bagasua” retrieved from http:// www. stuartxchange.com/Bagasua.html
Stuart, G. n.d. “Kolitis” retrieved from http:// www. stuartxchange.com/Kolitis.html
Thiem B, Kikowska M, Maliński MP, Dariusz Kruszka, Marta Napierała and Ewa Florek. 2017. Ecdysteroids: production in plant in vitro cultures. Phytochem Rev 16, 603-622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-016-9483-z
Yahya Al Naggar, Mohamed Ghorab, Kariman Mohamed. 2017. “Phytoecdysteroids: Isolation and Biological Applications.” American Journal of Life Sciences 5(1), pp. 7-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls. 20170
Yan-Xi Zhou, Hai-Liang Xin, Khalid Rahman, Su-Juan Wang, Cheng Peng, Hong Zhang. 2015. “Portulaca oleracea L.: A Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects.” Review Article. BioMed Research International. Vol 2015, Article ID 925631, Hindawi Publishing Corporation.
Elizabeth P. Obra, 2023. Local plants as sources of the phytoecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone. Int. J. Biosci., 23(3), 132-140.
Copyright © 2023 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.