home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Morpho-Biochemical characterization of cutaneous bacterial isolates of three endemic frogs from Mindanao Island, Philippines

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/07/2018
Views (410) Download (61)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Morpho-Biochemical characterization of cutaneous bacterial isolates of three endemic frogs from Mindanao Island, Philippines

Elsa May D. Baron, Vanessa L. Calimbo, Sheryl Tanguanco, Christine Young, Boyeth Pelone, Pebe Ahinga, Rizza Lumangco, Lorelie Gloria A. Samaniego
Int. J. Micro. Myco.7( 4), 35-40, July 2018.
Certificate: IJMM 2018 [Generate Certificate]
Key: AnuransBiochemical testsCutaneous microbiotaEcological associationsMorphology

Abstract

We characterized through morphological features and some biochemical tests bacterial isolates from the skin of three endemic frog species: Kalophyrnus sinensis (Peters, 1867), Limnonectes magnus (Stejneger, 1910), and Megophrys stejnegeri (Taylor, 1920) from Mt. Andapon Barangay Campawan, in Baganga, Davao Oriental, Philippines. The bacterial isolates were acquired through skin swabs from five representative adult individuals per species, grown in select solid media, and subjected to various standard biochemical tests. Nine bacterial isolates were obtained: Citrobacter sp., Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Micrococcus sp., Proteus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Diplococcus sp. Eight of these isolates were found in Megophrys stejnegeri (Taylor, 1920). Many of the bacterial isolates obtained were associated with soil. Citrobacter sp. was the common bacterial isolate found in all the frog species on both dorsal and ventral sides. The presence of bacterial isolates on these frogs maybe suggestive of a mutualistic relationship. Further studies maybe done to decipher role of these bacterial isolates and to validate if these are the only microorganism thriving on the skin of these Philippine endemic frogs.

VIEWS 41
Cover PDF

Ates F, Delima EM. 2008. Assemblage and microhabitats of anurans from Mt. Sinaka, Arakan, Cotabato and Mt. Hamiguitan, Davao Oriental, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Journal of Nature Studies 7(1), 101-107.

Becker M, Zawacki C, Gratwicke B, and Bleden L. 2014. The effect of captivity on the cutaneous bacterial community of the critically endgangered Panamian golden frog (Atelopus zeteki). Biological Conservation 176, 199-206.

Brown R, De Layola L, Lorenzo A, Diesmos M. 2015. A new species of limestone karst inhabiting forest frog, genus Platymantis (Amphibia: Anura: Ceratobatrachidae. Zootaxa 4048(2), 191-210.

Carr AH, Amborski RL, Culley DD, Amborski GF. 1976. Aerobic bacteria in the intestinal tracts of bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) maintained at low temperatures. Herpetologica 32, 239–244.

Conlon J. 2011. The contribution of skin antimicrobial peptides to the system of innate immunity in anurans. Cell Tssue Res 343, 201-212.

Dacalus C, Calunsag A, Hoshino L, Peralta D, Baron E. 2017. Anuran assemblage on forest edges of Datu Salumay, Davao City, Philippines. University of Mindanao International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. https://doaj.org/article/38a3a4293c7247f1a8115b8acd90 2ce2.

Diesmos A, Brown R, Gee G. 2003. International Union for the Conservation of Preliminary Report on the Amphibians and Reptiles of Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park in Luzon Island, Philippines. Slyvatrop The Technical Journal of Philippine Ecosystems and Natural Resources 13, 63-80.

Eda A, Diesmos A, Vredenburg V, Chan M. 2015. Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Frog Cutaneous Bacteria for Anti-Batrachochytridium dendrobatidis Activity. Interantional Journal of Bioengineering and Life Sciences 9(4).

Flechas S, Sarmiento C, Cardenas M, Medina E, Restrepo S, Amezquita A. 2012. Surviving Chytridiomycosis: differential anti-Batrachochytridum dendrobatidis activity in bacterial isolates from three lowland species of Atelopus. Plos One 7(9), 1-7.

Harris R, James T, Lauer A, Simon M, Patel A. 2006. Amphibian pathogen Batrychochytridium dendrobatidis is inhibited by the cutaneous bacteria of amphibian species. EcoHealth 3, 53-56.

Hird DW, Diesch SL, McKinnell RG, Gorham E, Martin FB, Meadows CA, Gasiorowski M. 1983. Enterobacteriaceae and Aeromonas-Hydrophila in Minnesota frogs and tadpoles (Rana pipiens). Applied and Environmental Microbiology 46(6), 1423-1425.

Inger RF. 1954. Systematics and zoogeography of Philippine amphibia. Fieldiana 33, 181-531.

International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Conservation International and Nature Reserve. 2004. Global amphibian assessment. 15 April 2018. www.Globalamphibians.org.

Lauer A, Simon MA, Banning JL, Andre ́ E, Duncan K, Harris R. 2007. Common cutaneous bacteria from the eastern red-backed salamander can inhibit pathogenic fungi. Copeia 3, 630–640.

Mangoni M, Miele R, Renda T, Barra D, Simmaco M. 2001. The synthesis of antimicorbial peptides in the skin of Rana esculenta is stimulated by microorganisms. FASEB Journal 15(8), 1431-1432.

McKenzie V, Bowers R, Fiere N, Knight R, Lauber C. 2012. Co-habiting amphibian species harbor unique skin bacterial communities in wild populations. International Society for Microbial Ecology Journal 6, 588-596.

Mcleod D, Siler C, Diesmos A, Diesmos M, Garcia V, Arkonceo A, Balaquit K, Uy C, Villaseran M, Yarra E, Brown R. 2011. Apmhibians and Reptiles of Luszon Island V: The Herpetofauna of Angat Dam Watershed, Bulacan Province, Luzon Island, Philippines. Asian Herpetological Research 2(4), 177-198.

Rahman M, Somsiri T, Tajima K, Ezura Y. 2004. Distribution of Aeromonas spp. Emphasizing on a newly identified species Aeromonas sp. T8 isolated from fish and aquatic animals in Southeast Asia. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 7(2), 258-268.

Sanguilla M, Cobb K, Siler C, Diesmos A, Alcala A, Brown R. 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. ZooKeys 642, 1-132.

Siler C, McVay J, Diesmos A, Brown R. 2009. A new species of fanged frog, genus Limnonectes, (Amphibia: Anura: Dicroglossidae) from Southeast Mindanao Island, Philippines. Herpetologica 65(1), 105-114.

Siler C, Swab J, Oliveros C, Diesmos A, Averia L, Alcala A, Brown R. 2012. Amphibians and reptiles , Romblon Island Group, central Philippines: comprehensive herpetofaunal inventory. Checklist 8(3), 443-462.

Supsup C, Guinto F, Redoblado R, Gomez R. 2017. Amphibians and reptiles from the Mt. Hamiguitan Range of eastern Mindanao, Philippines: New distribution records. Checklist 13(3), 2121.

Tortora G, Funke B, Case L. 2013. Microbiology an introduction 11th edition. Pearson, Boston USA. Pp. 975.

Warguez D, Mondejar E, Demayo C. 2013. Frogs and their microhabitat preferences in the agricultural and secondary forest areas in the vicinity of Mt. Kalatungan Mountain, Bukidnon, Philippines. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences 2(10), 51-63.

Woodhams D, Vredenburg V, Simon M, Billheimer D, Shakhtour B, Shyr Y, Briggs C, Smith L, Harri R. 2007. Symbiotic bacteria contribute to innate immune defenses of the threatened mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa. Biological Conservation 138, 390-398.

Submit Manuscript