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Pattern of drug resistance in multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Punjab, Pakistan

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Research Paper 01/07/2017
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Pattern of drug resistance in multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Punjab, Pakistan

Salma Hameed, Irfan Ullah, Nasir Mahmood, Asmat Ullah, Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry, Waqas Ahmad, Muhammad Aqeelur Rehman, Muzammil Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Badar
Int. J. Biosci.11( 1), 372-379, July 2017.
Certificate: IJB 2017 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Drug resistance patternDrug susceptibility testMulti drug resistance TBMycobacterium tuberculosis

Abstract

The prevalence rate of tuberculosis and drug resistance (DR), especially multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), is a major public health problem in developing countries like Pakistan. The purpose of the current study was to see the frequency of drug resistance pattern of drug resistance tuberculosis (DR-TB) against 1st line anti-TB drugs. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) was performed for 473confirmed cultured positive isolates using proportion methods. The study period was started from November 2011 to June 2013 at a programmatic management of drug-resistant TB (PMDT) unit, Gulab Devi Chest Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Out of the total, 291 (61.5%) patients were resistant to at least one anti-TB drugs and 246 (52%) were MDR-TB. Among 291 resistant patients, almost one-third of the patients were resistant to all the first-line drugs (n=113, 38.8%). The other prevalent resistance was found against rifampicin (n=277, 95.2%) and isoniazid (n=255, 87.6%) followed by ethambutol (n=181, 62.2%), streptomycin (n=176, 60.5%) and pyrazinamide (n=175, 60.1%). The proportion of males was relatively higher (n=151, 51.9%) than females, while previously treated patients were 175 (60.1%). Most of the cases were from age group 15-45 (81.1%) years, and belonged to the urban area (88.3%). Our study revealed high prevalence of drug-resistant TB, especially in the previously treated patients and young age peoples. Continuous monitoring of drug-resistant pattern of MDR-TB and their treatment is an essential requirement for future control in developing countries like Pakistan.

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