Physico-Chemical analysis of bore water from different regions of Karachi, Pakistan
Paper Details
Physico-Chemical analysis of bore water from different regions of Karachi, Pakistan
Abstract
Pure water for drinking and domestic purpose is the basic requirement for healthy life. However, increase in water pollution decrease the pure water resources and become a challenge for pure water and besides contaminated water created health hazard problems. In this study, we collect bore water samples from different regions of Karachi including Jamshad Town, DHA and Korangi Industrial Area. These bore water used in homes for cleaning purpose, in some area for drinking purpose and in some industries for Reverse Osmosis feed water for producing drinking and portable water. This research investigates the physico-chemical and heavy metals analysis embraces; appearance, color, odor, taste, pH, TDS, total hardness of Chloride, Total Alkalinity, Sulfate, Turbidity, Phosphate, Iron, Chromium, Lead and Zinc in the water. Heavy metals of bore water observed within limit while TDS, Hardness, Chloride. Sulfate and turbidity of most of samples found very high and unacceptable for drinking purpose as per limits which are specified by WHO and PSDW. Physico-chemical parameters analyzed by titration method and Spectrophotometer method while Heavy metals determine by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method. It is concluded that contamination in bore water due to Geological structure, internal damages of sewerages system and bed quality of industrial waste water system.
Andrew DE, Chair AWWA, Lenore S. Clesceri WEF, E Greenberg. 2005. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater. APHA, AWWA, Water Environment Federation. Ed 21, 5-47.
Anima U, Chandrakla M. 2014. Physico-Chemical Analysis of bore water of Machenahalli Village, Tumkur District, and Karnataka. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences 2, 94-97.
Ansa-Asare O, Darko HF. 2006. Surface Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment of South-Wetern and Coastal River Basins of Ghana. Water Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Ghana, Annual Report.
Government of Pakistan. 1997. Economic Survey of Pakistan. Islamabad.
ISO. 1985. Water quality determination of electrical conductivity. Geneva 7888.
ISO. 1986. Water quality determination of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead-flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods, International Organization for Standardization. Geneva 8288.
ISO. 1989. Water quality determination of chloride. Geneva 9297.
ISO. 1990. Water quality determination of sulfate. Geneva 9280.
Mc Gowan W. 2000. Water processing: residential, commercial, light industrial. Ed, 3. Lisle, IL, Water Quality Association.
Mc Quillan RG, Spenst PG. 1976. The addition of chemicals to apartment water supplies. Journal of the American Water Works Association 68, 415.
Mohsin M, Safdar S, Asghar F, Jamal F. 2013. Assessment of Drinking water Quality and its impact on residents health in Bahawalpur City. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 3, 114.
Mosher R. and Ahmed. 2009. Ground Water Quality of Selected Wells in Zaweta District, Northern Iraq. Tikrit Journal of Eng. Sciences 17, 28-35.
Nordberg GF, Goyer RA, Clarkson TW. 1985. Impact of effects of acid precipitation on toxicity of metals. Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives 68, 169-180.
Oyeku O, Eludoyin A. 2010. Heavy Metal Contamination of Groundwater resources in a Nigerian urban settlement. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4, 4
Singanan M, Wondimu L, Tesso M. 2008. Water quality of Wenchi Crater Lake in Ethiopia, Maejo. International Journal of Science and Technology 2, 361-373.
Singh T, Kalra YP. 1975. Specific conductance method for in situ estimation of total dissolved solids. Journal of the American Water Works Association 67, 99.
Thomas KS, Sach TH. 2008. A multicentre randomized controlled trial of ion-exchange water softeners for the treatment of eczema in children: protocol for the Softened Water Eczema. Trial (SWET) (ISRCTN), British Journal of Dermatology 159, 561-566.
US DHEW. 1962. Drinking water standards. Washington, DC, US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service; US Government Printing Office (Publication No. 956).
Walton W. 1970. Ground Water Resource Evaluation. McGraw Hill, Journal of New York 447-494.
WHO. 2006. Ed. 3, Guideline for Drinking-Water Quality 127-128.
WHO. 2012. Water, Sanitation and Health, Geneva.
Zoeteman BCJ. 1980. Sensory assessment of water quality. New York, NY, Pergamon Press.
Kashif Ahmed, Hafiz Abdul Rehman, Nuzhat Arshad, Sobia Israr (2018), Physico-Chemical analysis of bore water from different regions of Karachi, Pakistan; JBES, V12, N2, February, P117-127
https://innspub.net/physico-chemical-analysis-of-bore-water-from-different-regions-of-karachi-pakistan/
Copyright © 2018
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0