Phytosociological study on Isodon rugosus dominated communities in Khwazakhela district Swat, KPK, Pakistan

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/12/2016
Views (707)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Phytosociological study on Isodon rugosus dominated communities in Khwazakhela district Swat, KPK, Pakistan

Khaista Rahman, Abbas Khan, Muhammad Nisar, Tahir Hameed, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Amin Ullah Jan, Shariatullah, Ayaz Ahmad, Ajmal Iqbal, Iftikhar Ahmad Khan
Int. J. Biosci. 9(6), 292-302, December 2016.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2016; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the status of Isodon rugosus dominated communities in Khwazakhela swat. Various phytosociological attributes of all the recorded species were obtained. For quantitative analysis of vegetation a 4×4 m2 quadrat was used and a total of ten stands were sampled. Five quadrats were taken randomly per stand. Descriptive information such as altitude and aspect of the sampling site were recorded. For classification and ordination of vegetation data Ward’s Cluster Analysis and NMS (Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling) ordination was applied using PC-Ord software which results into the formation of four communities groups at 50% remaining information of the species. The highest values IVI, density/ha and cover/ha of Isodon rugosus was recorded in communities’ group I while lowest value of IVI, density/ha and cover /ha was recorded in community  group 3 which is due to the anthropogenic disturbance as observed during field survey.

Ahmad S, khan N, Hadi F, Ali M, Ahmad W. 2016 Structure and natural dynamics of Dodonaea viscosa communities in Malakand division, Pakistan. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 9 (1), 257-273.

Ahmed M, Khan N, Wahab M, Hamza S, Siddiqui MF, Nazim K, Khan MU. 2009. Vegetation structure of Olea ferruginea Royle. Forests of Lower Dir District of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 41(6), 2683-2695.

Ajmal SM, Mohammad S, Zahid K, Bakht Z. 2012. Ethnomedicinal and phytoeconomic elaboration of Lilownai valley, district Shangla Pakistan. International Research Journal of Pharmacy 3, 164-169.

Akhtar N, Rashid A, Murad W, Bergmeier E. 2013. Diversity and use of ethnomedicinal plants in the region of Swat, North Pakistan. Journal of Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine 9, 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-25

Barkatullah, Ibrar M, Jelani G, Badshah L. 2012. Phytosociological and ethnobotanical attributes of Skimmia laureola. International Journal of Biosciences (IJB) 2(12), 75-84.

Chuangye S, Gao-Huan LIU, Sheng LQ. 2009. Spatial and environmental effects on plant communities in the yellow River, Delta, Eastern China. Journal of Forestry Research, 20, 117-122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-009-0021-3

Cottam G, Curtis, JT. 1956. The use of distance measures in Phytosociological sampling. Ecology, 37 (3), 451-460. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1930167

Cousin SAO, Eriksson O. 2002. The influence of management history and habitat on plant species richness in a rural hemi-boreal landscape, Sweden. Landscape. Ecology 17, 517-529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A: 1021400513256

Curtis JT, Mcintosh RP. 1950. The interrelation of certain analytic and synthetic Phytosociological characters. Ecology 31, 434-455. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1931497

Greig-Smith P. 1983. Quantitative Plant Ecology. (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications).

Greig-Smith P. 2010. Quantitative Plant Ecology. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford. 581.5 GRE [NORMAL].

Hill MO, Gauch HG. 1980. Detrended Correspondence Analysis: An Improved Ordination Technique. Vegetatio 42, 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048870

Hussain SS, Arshad MK, Shahzad AM. 2003. Mountains of Pakistan: Protection, Potential and Prospects. Islamabad: Global Change Impact Stud. Centre 133-232.

Janbaz, KH, Arif J, Saqib F, Imran I, Ashraf M. 2014. In-vitro and in-vivo validation of ethno-pharmacological uses of methanol extract of Isodon rugosus Wall. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae). BMC Complement. Alternate Medicine 14, 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-71

Khan N, Ahmed M, Wahab M, Ajaib M. 2010. Studies along an altitudinal gradient in Monotheca buxifolia forest District Dir Lower Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42(5), 3029-3038.

Khan N, Shaukat SS, Ahmed M. 2013. Vegetation-environment relationships in the forests of Chitral district Hindukush range of Pakistan. Journal of Forestry Research 24(2), 205−216.

Khan N. 2011. Vegetation ecology and dendrochronology of Chitral. Ph. D Thesis FUUAST Karachi, 1-380.

Khan N. Ahmed M, Shaukat SS, Wahab M, Siddiqui MF. 2011. Structure, diversity, and regeneration potential of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC. Dominated forests of Lower Dir District, Pakistan. Frontier of Agriculture China, 5(1), 106-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11703-011-1062-x

McCune B, Grace JB. 2006. Analysis of Ecological Communities (2nd Ed). Gleneden Beach, Oregon: United State of America, 1−284 P.

Mc Cune B, Mefford MJ. 1999. PC-ORD. Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data. Version 4.

Palmer M. 2005. Ordination Methods for Ecologists. http://Ordination.Okstate.Edu/

Rahman HU, Nabi G, Ali I, Tahir T, Ahmed M. 2012. Growth and yield of Kinnow (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and soil physical properties as affected by orchard floor management practices in Punjab, Pakistan. Soil and Environment 31, 163-170.

Rauf A, Khan A, Rasool S, Shah ZA, Saleem M. 2012. In-vitro antifungal activity of three selected Pakistani medicinal plants. Middle East Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 1, 41-43.

Rauf A, Muhammad N, Khan A, Uddin N, Atif M. 2012. Antibacterial and phytotoxic profile of selected Pakistani medicinal plants. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20, 540-544. http://dx.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejmpr.2011.1.2.1110.

Shaheen H, Qureshi RA, Shinwari ZK. 2011. Structural diversity, vegetation dynamics and anthropogenic impact on Lesser Himalayan subtropical forests of Bagh District, Kashmir. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43(4), 1861-1866.

Shaheen H, Shinwari ZK. 2012. Phytodiversity and endemic richness of karambar lake vegetation from Chitral, Hindukush-himalayas. Pakistan Journal of Botany 44, 15-20.

Shariatullah 2013. An Ecological assessment of Justicia adhatoda L. in Malakand Division. M.phil Thesis Department of Botany University of Malakand Pakistan. 1-215 P.

Shaukat SS. 1985. Approaches to the analysis of ruderal weed vegetation in London Ontario. Ph. D Thesis, University of Western Ontario, Canada, 1-112.

Siddique MRH, Hussain MD, Chowdhury RK. 2012. Allometric relationship for estimating above-ground biomass of Aegialitis rotundifolia Roxb. of Sundarbans mangrove forest, in Bangladesh. Journal of Forestry Research, 23−28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0229-5

Siddiqui FM, Ahmed M, Shaukat SS, Khan N. 2010. Advance multivariate techniques to investigate vegetation-environmental complex of pine forests of moist area of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42, 267-293.

Singh V. 1994. Herbal remedies for worm infestation in Kashmir Himalaya. Fitoterapia 65, 354-357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00002-8

Zare S, Jafari M, Tavili A, Abbasi H, Rostampour M. 2011. Relationship between environmental factors and plant distribution in arid and semiarid area (Case study: Shahriyar Rangelands, Iran). American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, 10, 97-105.

Related Articles

Yield performance assessment of different mustard cultivars under field conditions

Md. Khan Jahan Ali, Md. Moshiur Rahman, Kamrun Nahar, Sharmin Ara Jannat, Mst. Khadija Khatun, Sushan Chowhan, Md. Habibur Rahman, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 277-282, August 2025.

Species composition of xylomicobiota of some woody plants distributed in Azerbaijan

K. F. Bakhshaliyeva, V. Y. Hasanova, N. R. Namazov, B. N. Aliyeva, S. C. Garayeva, S. E. Nagiyeva, P. Z. Muradov, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 267-276, August 2025.

Perception of producers and processors on sorghum diversity in the context of climate change in center and Northern Benin

Parfait Segla Alohoutade1,2,3, Alphonse Sako Avocefohoun*1,2,3, Sènan Vodouhe2, Mohamed Kanazoe1,2,3, Nicodème Chabi1, Lamine Said Baba-Moussa3, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 256-266, August 2025.

Implications of aberrant glycosylation on age-related disease progression

Tahmid Ahmad Patwary, Mukramur Rahman, Md. Nafis Fuad Prottoy, Sayad Md. Didarul Alam, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 243-255, August 2025.

Epizootic status and eradication of parasitic diseases in brown bears transferred to the rehabilitation center in Azerbaijan

Siala İ. Rustamova, Aygun A. Azizova, Gular R. Mammadova, Ramin S. Mammadov, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 236-242, August 2025.

Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Annona squamosa (Atis) crude leaf extract against A549 (Human Lung Adenocarcinoma) cell line

Ashton U. Lim, Noricel U. Garcia, Alkauzar H. Tantong, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 226-235, August 2025.

Perceptions of stakeholders towards sheep and goat dairy products in Benin

Yvette Adje, Philippe Sessou, Aretas Tonouhewa, Paulin Azokpota, Lamine Baba-Moussa, Souaïbou Farougou, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 211-225, August 2025.

Medicinal plants sold in Daloa markets: Traditional knowledge and Public health issues

Kouakou Yao Bertin, Kouakou Assoman Serge Alain, Kouame Yao Anicet Gervais, Malan Djah François, Bakayoko Adama, Int. J. Biosci. 27(2), 200-210, August 2025.