Preliminary Study on the Use of Lactic Acid Fermentation in Terra Preta Sanitation
Paper Details
Preliminary Study on the Use of Lactic Acid Fermentation in Terra Preta Sanitation
Abstract
The acidic state that lactic acid fermentation (LAF) produced has been highly used in many purposes. Terra Preta Sanitation (TPS) applies LAF in the treatment of human excreta. Effective microorganisms (EM) contain lactic acid bacteria. This experiment investigated LAF in stored faecal substrate added with 100 milliliter (ml) of EM. Substrates were analyzed using standard chemical parameters following the German “Methods Book for the Analysis of Compost”. Results showed that pH did not go down to acidic level in all substrates. Without EM, total Nitrogen deceased from 523 milligram per liter (mg/l) to 495mg/l after 1 month but has shown increase from 523mg/l to 547.66 with EM. Total organic carbon (TOC) with EM was higher than without EM after 1 month but opposite results were found in substrates stored for 4 months. Without EM, total Phosphorous increased after 1 month from 282mg/l to 302mg/l but decreased after 4 months from 282mg/l to 257.50mg/l. In conclusion, changes in chemical characteristics of the faecal substrates could be due to EM but the effects could hardly be attributed to LAF.
Bundesguetengemeinschaft Kompost (BGK) e.V. 1994. Methodenbuch zur Analyse von Kompost (Federal Association on compost: Methods for the analysis of compost).
Buruleanu L, Nicolescu CL, Bratu MG, Manea I, Avram D. 2010. Study regarding some metabolic features during lactic acid fermentation of vegetable juices. Romanian Biotechnological Letters 15(2), 2010 Copyright © 2010 University of Bucharest Printed in Romania. All rights reserved, p 5177-5188.
Dan V. 2001, Microbiologia alimentelor, Ed. Alma, Galaţi, 2001, p 161-170.
El-jalil MH, Zinedine A, Faid M. 2008. Some microbiological and chemical properties of poultry wastes manure after lactic acid fermentation. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 10, 405–11.
Factura H, Bettendorf T, Buzie Ch, Pieplow H, Reckin J, Otterpohl R. 2010. Terra Preta sanitation: re-discovered from an ancient Amazonian civilisation. Water Science & Technology 61(10), 2673-2679, 2010.
Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W. 2002. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal: A review, Biology and Fertility of Soils 35, 219–230.
Hafid HS, Rahman NAA, Omar FN, Yee PL, Abd-Aziz S, Hassan MA. 2010. A Comparative Study of Organic Acids Production from Kitchen Wastes and Simulated Kitchen Waste. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 4(4), 639-645. 2010.
Kamra DN, Srivastava SK. 1993. Effect of Sugarcane Molasses on Fermentation of Pig Faeces and Wheat Straw Inoculated with Lactic-AcidProducing Bacteria. Bioresource Technology 47(1994), 87-88.
Kopec K. 2000. Jakost mléčné kvašené zeleniny. Výživa a potraviny, 3, 93–94.
Lehmann J, Kern D, German L, Mccann J, Martins GC, Moreira A. 2003. Soil fertility and production potential, In: Amazonian Dark Earths: Origin, Properties, Management, Lehmann, J., Ed., Kluwer, Dordrecht, 105–124.
Lehmann J, Gaunt J, Rondon M. 2006. BIO-Char Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems – A Review. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 11, 403–427, Springer 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5
Lehmann J. 2006. Black is the new green. SEQUESTRATION NEWS FEATURE, NATURE| 442(10), August 2006, Nature Publishing Group, p. 624-626.
Lehmann J, Rondon M. 2006. Bio-Char Soil Management on Highly Weathered Soils in the Humid Tropics. Biological Approaches to Sustainable Soil Systems p517-530, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
Liu SQ. 2003. International Journal of Food Microbiology 83, 115–131.
Ong MO. 2001. Bioconversion of sago effluent to organic acids by batch and continuous anaerobic treatment. Master Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor.
Otterpohl R. 2000. Design of highly efficient Source Control Sanitation andpractical Experiences. EURO-Summer School DESAR, Wageningen June 18-23, 2000, the Netherlands, Available from: [accessed May 06. 2022]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228607703_Design_of_highly_efficient_source_control_saniation_and_practical_experiences
Safwat SM, Matta ME. 2021. Environmental applications of Effective Microorganisms: a review of current knowledge and recommendations for future directions. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 68, 48. https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-021-00049-1
Talaat NB, Ghoniem AE, Abdelhamid MT, Shawky BT. 2015. Effective microorganisms improve growth performance, alter nutrients acquisition and induce compatible solutes accumulation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants subjected to salinity stress. Plant Growth Regulation 75(1), 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-014-9952-6
Wang Q, Narita J, Xie W, Ohsumi Y, Kusano K, Shirai Y, Ogawa H. 2002. Effects of anaerobic/ aerobic incubation and storage temperature on preservation and deodorization of kitchen garbage. Bioresource Technology. 2002 Sep; 84(3), 213-220, PMID: 12118696. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(02)00062-7.
World Health Organization. 2006. Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Grey water. Volume IV Excreta and Grey Water use in Agriculture.
Yemaneh A. 2015. Evaluation of Lactic Acid Fermentation Process n Terra Preta Sanitation Systems and Application in Arba Minch, Ethiopia. Hamburg Berichte zur Siedlungs wasserwirtschaft Bd. 90, 978-3-942768-15-3.
Horacio Factura, 2022. Preliminary Study on the Use of Lactic Acid Fermentation in Terra Preta Sanitation. Int. J. Biosci., 20(6), 216-220.
Copyright © 2022 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.