Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Paper Details
Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Abstract
Anemia is one of the most common nutritional public health problem in both developing and developed countries. A total of 210 blood samples were taken from pregnant women of district Karak, Pakistan. The blood sample was collected in EDTA (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) tubes from different gynae ward, health maternity centres by experts. Questionnaires were also filled at the time of blood collection. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrite (Hct), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell and red blood cell (RBC) was determine by automatic hematological analyzer model Symex Ks-21 having two reagents, cell pack and Stromatolyser-wwt 500 ml. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women was high in Tehsil Banda Daud Shah (82.8%), Takht-e-Nasrati (64.3%) and Karak (55.7%). The results showed that percentage of anemia was higher in ruler areas as compared to urban. The incidence of anemia was more at the age of 30-37 years (72.75%). According to trimester wise distribution, the percentage of anemia was more in third trimester (81.9%) than second (61.3%) and first (58.6%). In illiterate women the anemia percentage was higher than educated. The result was highly significant ( p = 0.0085).
Abbasi A, Arooj S, Hussain W, Mughal AI, Habib N, Aziz W, Rafique M. 2013. Causes of anemia in Pregnant women of the state of azad Kashmir: A cross-sectional survey. Health 5(1), 35-44. http://dx.dio.or/10.4236/health.2013.51006
Alem M, Enawgaw B, Gelaw A, Kena T, Seid M, Olkeba Y. 2013. Prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Azezo Health Center town, Northwest Ethiopia. Journal of interdiscipl Histopathalogy 1(3), 137-144.
Ahmed F. 2000. Anemia in Bangladesh: a review of prevalence and aetiology. Public Health Nutrition 3(4), 385-393.
Allen LH, Gillespie SR. 2001. What Works?A Review of the Efficacy and Effectiveness of Nutrition Interventions. ACC/SCN Nutrition Policy Paper No.19. United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination Sub-Committee on Nutrition (ACC/SCN) in collaboration with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the International Food policy Research Institute.
Ansari NB, Badruddin SH, Karmaliani R, Harris H, Jehan I, Pasha O, Moss M, Elizabeth M, Mc clure, Golodenberg RL. 2008. Anemia prevalence and risk factors in pregnant women in urban area of Pakistan. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 29(2), 132-139.
Agarwal KN, Agarwal DK, Sharma A, Sharma K, Prasad K, Kalita MC, Khetarpaul N, Kapoor AC, Vijayalekshmi L, Goyilla AK, Panda SM, Kumari P. 2006. Prevalence of anaemia in pregnant and lactating women in India. Indian Journal of Medicine Research 124, 173-84.
Brabin L, Nicholas S, Gogate A, Karande A. 1998. A high prevalence of anemia among women in Mumbai, India. Food Nutrition Bulletin 19, 205-9.
Benoist B, McLean E, Cogswell M, 2008. Worldwide Prevelance of Anemia 1993-2005. WHO Global Database on Anemia. Atlanta, GA: WHO, NIH, CDC
Bhatt R. 1997. Maternal mortality in India-FOGSI-WHO study. Journal Obstetrics Gynecology India 47, 207-14.
Bhosale A, Qureshi S, Nandawa YS. 2011. Maternal mortality at a tertiary institute: A five years Study. Bombay hospital Journal 53(1), 189-192.
Desalegn S. 1993. Prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy in Jima town, southwestern Ethiopia. Ethiopian Medicine Journal 31(4), 251-8.
Dim CC, Onah HE. 2007. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women at Booking in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria. Medscape General Medicine 9(3), 11.
Hercberg S, Galan P. 1992. Nutritional anemia. Baillieres Clinical Haematology 5(1), 143-168. Jaleel R, Khan A, 2008. Severe anemia and adverse pregnancy outcom. Journal of Surgery Pakistan (International) 13(4), 147-150.
Jin L, Yeung LF, Cogswell ME, Ye R, Berry RJ, Liu J, Hu DJ, Zhu L. 2010. prevalence of aneamia among pregnant women in South-east China, 1993-2005. Public Health Nutrition 13(10), 1511-1518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010001552
Killip S, Bennett JM, Chambers MD. 2007.Iron deficiency anemia. American Family Physician 75, 671-8.
Lozoof B, Bread J, Connor J, Felt B, Georgieff M, Schallert T. 2006. long lasting Neural and behavioral Effects of Iron Deficiency in infancy. Nutrition Review 64, 34-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1301/nr.2006.may.S34-43
Lokare PO, Karanjekar VD, Gattani PL, Kulkarni AP. 2012. A study of prevalence of anemia and sociodemographic factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Aurangabad city, India. Annals of Nigerian Medicine 6, 30-4.
Paracha PI, Hameed A, Simon J, Jamil A, Nawab G. 1997. Prevalence of Anaemia in Semi-Urban Areas of Peshawar, Pakistan: A Challenge for Health Professionals and Policy Markers. Journal of Pakistan Medicine Association 47(2), 49-53.
Sifakis S, Pharmakides G. 2000. Anemia in pregnancy. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 900, 125-136.
Toteja GS, Singh P, Dhillon BS, Saxena BN, Ahmed FU, Singh RP, Prakash B, Vijayraghavan K, Singh Y, Rauf A, Sarma UC, Gandhi S, Behl L, Mukherjee K, Swami SS, Meru V, Chandra P, Chandrawati, Mohan U. 2006. Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and adolescent girl in 16 district of India. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 27(4), 311-315.
Riaz Ullah, Ayaz S, Khader JA, Abdelslam NM, Anwar M, Khan K. 2013. Prevalence and Detection of Anemia (Iron Deficiency) in women Population in Kohat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Life Science Journal 10(2), 812-815.
WHO. 1992. The prevalence of anemia in women: a tabulation of Available information Geneva, Switzerland, WHO/MCH/MSM/92.2.
Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Ismail Khan, Mudassir Shah, 2013. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Int. J. Biosci., 3(11), 77-83.
Copyright © 2013 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.