Protectant and curative efficacy of different fungicides against citrus melanose caused by Phomopsis citri under in vivo conditions
Paper Details
Protectant and curative efficacy of different fungicides against citrus melanose caused by Phomopsis citri under in vivo conditions
Abstract
Melanose caused by Phomopsis citri pose a major threat to citrus plants that can affect trees at any age and damages fruit, leaves, twigs, branches. If favorable conditions prevail, this disease may result in heavy economic losses. Present study was conducted for In-vivo Protectant and curative efficacy evaluation of fungicides against P. citri. Five treatments consisting of chemicals viz., Emesto Silver 240 FS % (Penflufen), Kocide® 3000 (Copper Hydroxide), Nativo 75% WG (Tebuconazole + Trifloxystrobin) and Score 250 EC (Difenoconazole) were prepared at recommended doses with three replications and control plants were untreated. Data was recorded on disease incidence (%) and disease reduction over control (%) at weekly interval. In general, all the tested fungicides exhibited significant antifungal potential when applied as protectant while least effective or show no activity as curative. The least disease incidence was observed with Kocide i.e., 12% followed by Nativo (18%) whereas the highest incidence (21%) was recorded by Score and Emesto silver. Percent disease reduction over control was calculated and revealed that Kocide, Nativo, Score and Emesto silver significantly lowers (P < 0.05) the incidence of melanose by 80, 71, 65 and 65% respectively. It was concluded that Kocide is best for the management of citrus melanose when applied as protectant under in vivo conditions.
Bushong PM, Timmer LW. 2000. Evaluation of postinfection control of citrus scab and melanose with benomyl, fenbuconazole, and azoxystrobin. Plant Disease 84, 1246-1249.
Gopal K, Mukunda Lakshmi L, Sarada G, Nagalakshmi T, Gouri Sankar T, Gopi V, Ramana KTV. 2014. Citrus Melanose (Diaporthe citri Wolf): A Review, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 3(4), 113-124.
Knapp JL, ed. 2000. 2000 Florida Citrus Pest Management Guide. Univ. Florida. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Publ. No. SP-43.
Kuramoto T, Yamada S. 1975. The influence of environmental factors on the infection of citrus melanose caused by Diaporthe citri (Faw:) Wolf. Bulletin of the Fruit Tree Research Station B-2, 75-86.
Mondal SN, Vicent A, Reis RF, Timmer LW. 2006. Saprophytic colonization of citrus twigs and factors affecting survival of conidia of Diaporthe citri, the cause of melanose. Plant Disease 91, 387-392.
Mondal SN, Vicent A, Reis RF, Timmer LW. 2007. Efficacy of pre and post inoculation application of fungicides to expanding young citrus leaves for control of melanose, scab, and Alternaria brown spot. Plant Disease 91, 1600-1606.
O’Leary AL, Sutton TB. 1986. Effects of postinfection applications of ergosterol biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicides on lesion formation and pseudothecial development of Venturia inaequalis. Phytopathology 76, 119-124.
Schwabe WFS, Jones AL, Jonker JP. 1984. Greenhouse evaluation of curative and protective action of sterol-inhibiting fungicides against apple scab. Phytopathology 74, 249-252.
Steel RGD, Torrie JH. 1980. Principles and procedures of statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc, New York, USA.
Timmer LW, Zitko SE. 1998. Evaluation of fungicides for control of melanose on grapefruit, 1997. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 54, 554-555.
Timmer LW, Garnsey SM, Graham JH. 2000. Compendium of Citrus Diseases. 2nd ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
Whiteside JO. 1977. Sites of action of fungicides in the control of citrus melanose. Phytopathology 67, 1067-1072.
Wilcox W. 1990. Postinfection and antisporulant activities of selected fungicides in control of blossom blight of sour cherry caused by Monilinia fructicola. Plant Disease 74, 808-811.
Zitko SE, Timmer LW. 1997. Evaluation of fungicides for control of citrus scab and melanose on grapefruit. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 53, 490.
Muhammad Idrees, Sumera Naz, Muhammad Ehetisham-Ul-Haq, Saira Mehboob, Muhammad Kamran, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Iqbal (2019), Protectant and curative efficacy of different fungicides against citrus melanose caused by Phomopsis citri under in vivo conditions; IJB, V15, N2, August, P194-199
https://innspub.net/protectant-and-curative-efficacy-of-different-fungicides-against-citrus-melanose-caused-by-phomopsis-citri-under-in-vivo-conditions/
Copyright © 2019
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0