Proximate composition analysis of coco-nipa cookie: Basis for product optimization and production

Paper Details

Research Paper 12/02/2025
Views (409)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Proximate composition analysis of coco-nipa cookie: Basis for product optimization and production

Eddilyn B. Plaza, John Manuel C. Buniel
Int. J. Biosci. 26(2), 257-263, February 2025.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2025; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

The study evaluates the nutritional profile of a cookie formulated using coconut flakes and Nipa palm fruit flour. The chemical analysis reveals a balanced macronutrient composition, with moderate caloric density, reasonable fat and protein levels, and modest sodium content. These findings highlight the potential of the Coco-Nipa cookie as a sustainable and health-promoting food option. The use of coconut flakes provides dietary fiber, healthy fats, and natural sweetness, contributing to cardiovascular benefits and improved digestion. Meanwhile, Nipa palm fruit flour enriches the product with essential carbohydrates and nutrients, enhancing its overall nutritional value. Despite aligning with dietary guidelines, the analysis underscores areas for optimization, including the quality of fats, sources of carbohydrates, and potential supplementation with protein to enhance its role in a balanced diet. Furthermore, enhancing its fiber and micronutrient content is recommended to support metabolic and heart health. These insights serve as a foundation for product improvement, ensuring that the Coco-Nipa cookie not only appeals to health-conscious consumers but also addresses their dietary needs. This study underscores the significance of utilizing locally available, sustainable ingredients like coconut and Nipa palm fruit in functional food production. Future studies can explore flavor variations, shelf-life stability, and additional health benefits, solidifying the Coco-Nipa cookie’s potential as a nutritious, innovative product for diverse consumer markets.

American Heart Association. 2020. Dietary fats and cardiovascular disease: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 136(3), e1-e23. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020. The role of diet in preventing chronic diseases. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/factsheets/nutrition.htm

Chandra A, Aditi R, Yadav BS. 2017. Effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with Nipa flour on quality characteristics of bread. Journal of Food Science and Technology 54(7), 2064-2071.

Food and Drug Administration. 2016. Guidance for industry: nutrition and supplement facts labels. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/media/99384/download

Food and Nutrition Research Institute. 2016. Nutritional guidelines for Filipinos. Department of Science and Technology.

He FJ, Li J, Macgregor GA. 2013. Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004937.pub2

Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and related nutrients. National Academies Press.

Labuza TP, Hyman CR. 1998. Moisture effects on food’s shelf life: a comprehensive study. Journal of Food Quality 21(4), 229-239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.1998.tb00527.x

Ludwig DS, Hu FB, Tappy L, Brand-Miller J. 2018. Dietary carbohydrates: role of quality and quantity in chronic disease. BMJ 361, k2340. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k2340

Mozaffarian D, Micha R, Wallace S. 2010. Effects on coronary heart disease of increasing polyunsaturated fat in place of saturated fat: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS Medicine 7(3), e1000252. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000252

Nguyen NT, Nguyen TT, Tran TTH, Nguyen TBN, Phan TTA, Nguyen TNT, Truong TMH, Tran VT. 2020. Physical, chemical and sensory properties of coconut-Nipa cookies incorporated with pineapple pulp. Food Science and Technology International 26(8), 655–664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013220949212.

Ojinnaka EU, Okudu CO, Ojimelukwe CO. 2018. Proximate composition and sensory evaluation of coconut flour cookies. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition 3(3), 19–22.

Oyebanji BO, Adegoke OA, Awonorin SO. 2019. Physicochemical and sensory properties of cookies produced from blends of wheat flour, coconut and Nipa flours. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition 4(5), 47-52.

Pasiakos SM, Lieberman HR, McLellan TM. 2015. Effects of protein supplements on muscle mass, strength, and aerobic and anaerobic power in healthy adults: a systematic review. Sports Medicine 45(1), 111-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0242-2

Reynolds A, Mann J, Cummings J, Winter N, Mete E, Te Morenga L. 2019. Carbohydrate quality and human health: a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The Lancet 393(10170), 434-445. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31809-9

Rolls BJ. 2009. The relationship between dietary energy density and energy intake. Physiology & Behavior 97(5), 609-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.03.011

Sacks FM, Lichtenstein AH, Wu JH, Appel LJ, Creager MA, Kris-Etherton PM, Miller M. 2017. Dietary fats and cardiovascular disease: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 136(3), e1-e23. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510

Srimongkol P, Haruthaithanasan V, Soponronnarit S, Watcharachaisoponsiri T. 2016. Partial replacement of wheat flour with coconut flour in muffin production. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 51(2), 475-481.

World Health Organization. 2012. Guideline: sodium intake for adults and children. World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241504836

Related Articles

Unravelling the complex interactions between microplastics and PPCPs: The environment and health implications

Roshy Ann Mathews, S. Rajakumar, N. Aishwarya, M. Prashanthi Devi, Int. J. Biosci. 27(5), 40-72, November 2025.

Nutraceutical value of Gigantochloa atter and Bambusa blumeana

Eddilyn B. Plaza, Gemma A. Gruyal, Int. J. Biosci. 27(5), 34-39, November 2025.

Absence of climatic factors influence on the prevalence of COVID-19 in Benin: A spatiotemporal analysis

Houndonougbo Antoine, Lagaki Koudousse, Dramane Gado, Chogolou Ruth, Sanoussi Falilath, Kissira Islamiath, Sohou Stephane, Oloukou Freedy, Senou Elie, Yadouleton Anges, Int. J. Biosci. 27(5), 16-23, November 2025.

Isopulegol mitigates high glucose-induced oxidative stress in HK-2 cells via activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway

Mathew Maria Caroline Rebellow, Ravishankar Sarumathi, Chandrasekaran Sankaranarayanan, Int. J. Biosci. 27(5), 6-15, November 2025.

Exploring Ctenolepis garcinii as a natural anti-diabetic agent: A phytochemical, biochemical and molecular docking approach

A. M. Thafshila Aafrin, R. Anuradha, Int. J. Biosci. 27(4), 208-214, October 2025.

Assessment of the population dynamics of microorganisms in mountainous brown soils of Gobustan in relation to soil-climate conditions

Zohra N. Mammadzada, Basti N. Alyeva, Sevinch J. Garayeva, Nizami R. Namazov, Int. J. Biosci. 27(4), 203-207, October 2025.