Screening of salt tolerant transgenic and non-transgenic cotton varieties under various levels of NaCl induced salinity stress
Paper Details
Screening of salt tolerant transgenic and non-transgenic cotton varieties under various levels of NaCl induced salinity stress
Abstract
Salinity induced stress is one of major hurdle for crop production that significantly decreased crops yield. Higher levels of salts reduced the uptake of water, osmotic imbalance, poor germination and restriction of cell division. However, crops varieties that are tolerant towards salts accumulation can grow better under salinity stress. As cotton is moderately salt tolerant and major cash crop, therefore current study was conducted to screen salt tolerant cotton BT and non-BT varieties. For experiment, five BT (CIM616, CIM598, CIM179, CIM602 and GH-Mubarik) and non-BT cotton varieties (Cyto124, CIM554, CIM573, CIM620 and Lalazar) were grown under various levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM) of artificially NaCl induced salt stress. NaCl induced salinity stress, 250 mM level was more severe, that reduced shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight, owing to decrease in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. A significant improvement in shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight confirmed the potential of BT CIM598, CIM602, non-BT Cyto124 and CIM620 varieties to withstand against salt induced stress. Furthermore, an improvement in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll and less electrolyte leakage validated the potential of BT CIM598, CIM602, non-BT Cyto124 and CIM620 as salt tolerant cotton varieties. In conclusion, BT CIM598, CIM602 and non-BT Cyto124, CIM620 cotton varieties have the potential to grow better at seedling stage under salinity stress.
Ahmad P, Jaleel CA, Salem MA, Nabi G, Sharma S. 2010a. Roles of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in plants during abiotic stress. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 30, 161–175. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/07388550903524243.
Ahmad P, Jaleel CA, Sharma S. 2010b. Antioxidant defense system, lipid peroxidation, proline-metabolizing enzymes, and biochemical activities in two Morus alba genotypes subjected to NaCl stress. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 57, 509–517. http://link.springer.com/10.1134/S1021443710040084.
Apel K, Hirt H. 2004. Reactive oxygen species: Metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction. Annual Review of Plant Biology 55, 373–399. http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141701.
Arnon DI. 1949. Copper Enzymes in Isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24, 1–15. http://sci-hub.tw/10.1104/pp.24.1.1
Arshad M, Suhail A, Gogi MD, Yaseen M, Asghar M, Tayyib M, Karar H, Hafeez F, Ullah UN. 2009. Farmers’ perceptions of insect pests and pest management practices in Bt cotton in the Punjab, Pakistan. International Journal of Pest Management 55, 1–10.
Asada K. 2006. Production and Scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species in Chloroplasts and Their Functions. Plant Physiology 141, 391–396. http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.106.082040.
Ashraf MY, Akhtar K, Sarwar G, Ashraf M. 2002. Evaluation of arid and semi-arid ecotypes of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) for salinity (NaCl) tolerance. Journal of Arid Environments 52, 473–482. https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2002.1017
Bar Y, Apelbaum A, Kafkafi U, Goren R. 1997. Relationship between chloride and nitrate and its effect on growth and mineral composition of avocado and citrus plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition 20, 715–731. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01904169709365288.
Bennett R, Morse S, Ismael Y. 2006. The economic impact of genetically modified cotton on South African smallholders: Yield, profit and health effects. Journal of Development Studies 42, 662–677.
Bhute N, Vamadevaih HM, Katageri IS, Uppinal NF, Mirajkar KK. 2012. In vitro screening for salinity stress at seedling stage of cotton. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences 25, 39–42.
Bohnert HJ. 1995. Adaptations to Environmental Stresses. Plant Cell Online 7, 1099–1111. http://www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.7.7.1099.
Centad. 2006. Centre for trade & development. Indian cotton farming at the cross roads Focus. Centre for trade & development. Indian cotton farming at the cross roads Focus.
Chinnusamy V, Zhu J, Zhu JK. 2006. Salt Stress Signaling and Mechanisms of Plant Salt Tolerance. Genetic engineering (N.Y) 27, 141–177. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/0-387-25856-6_9.
Datta JK, Nag S, Banerjee A, Mondal NK. 2009. Impact of salt stress on five varieties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L .) cultivars under laboratory condition. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 13, 93–97.
Hajibagheri MA, Yeo AR, Flowers TJ, Collins JC. 1989. Salinity resistance in Zea mays: fluxes of potassium, sodium and chloride, cytoplasmic concentrations and microsomal membrane lipids. Plant Cell Environment 12, 753–757.
Heydari A. 2015. A comparison between acid seed delinting and fungicide seed treatment in controlling cotton seedling damping-off disease. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 8, 573–577.
Kan CC, Aganon MC, Futalan CM, Dalida MLP. 2013. Adsorption of Mn2+ from aqueous solution using fe and mn oxide-coated sand. Journal of Environmental Sciences 25, 1483–1491.
Keutgen AJ, Pawelzik E. 2009. Impacts of NaCl stress on plant growth and mineral nutrient assimilation in two cultivars of strawberry. Environmental and Experimental Botany 65, 170–176.
Lalitha M, Dash P, KrishnaKumar K. 2011. A comparative assessment of BT and non-BT cotton cultivation on farmers livelihood in Andhra Pradesh. Journal of Biosciences Research 2, 99–111. http://www.jbsr.org/pdf/11-v2.pdf.
Leidi EO, Saiz JF. 1997. Is salinity tolerance related to Na accumulation in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedlings? Plant Soil 190, 67–75.
Lutts S, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J. 1996. NaCl-induced Senescence in Leaves of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars Differing in Salinity Resistance. Annals of Botany 78, 389–398. http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/78/3/389.abstract.
Matile P, Schellenberg M, Vicentini F. 1997. Planta Localization of chlorophyllase in the chloroplast envelope. Planta 201, 96–99.
Parida AK, Das AB. 2005. Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: A review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 60, 324–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.06.010
Parihar P, Singh S, Singh R, Singh VP, Prasad SM. 2015. Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance strategies: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22, 4056–4075. http://sci-hub.tw/10.1007/s11356-014-3739-1
Qadir M, Schubert S. 2002. Degradation processes and nutrient constraints in sodic soils. Land Degradation and Development 13, 275–294.
Rozeff N. 1995. Sugarcane and salinity-a review paper. Sugarcane 5, 8–19.
Senaratna T, McKersie BD.1983. Characterization of Solute Efflux from Dehydration Injured Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) Seeds. Plant Physiology 72, 911–4.
Wei Y, Xu Y, Lu P, Wang X, Li Z, Cai X, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Lin Z, Lin F, Wang K. 2017. Salt stress responsiveness of a wild cotton species (Gossypium klotzschianum) based on transcriptomic analysis. PLoS One 12, e0178313.
Witzel K, Weidner A, Surabhi GK, Börner A, Mock HP. 2009. Salt stress-induced alterations in the root proteome of barley genotypes with contrasting response towards salinity. Journal of Experimental Botany 60, 3545–3557. http://sci-hub.tw/10.1093/jxb/erp198
Zhu JK. 2001. Plant salt tolerance. Trends Plant Science 6, 66–71.
Zhu Z, Wei G, Li J, Qian Q, Yu J. 2004. Silicon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Plant Science 167, 527–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.04.020
Niaz Ahmad, Muhammad Kashif Nadeem, Muhammad Arif Ali, Sidra Kiran, Subhan Danish, 2019. Screening of salt tolerant transgenic and non-transgenic cotton varieties under various levels of NaCl induced salinity stress. Int. J. Biosci., 14(2), 100-110.
Copyright © 2019 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.