Spatial and seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature across Nigeria
Paper Details
Spatial and seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature across Nigeria
Abstract
This research investigated spatial and seasonal variations in the rainfall and temperature in Nigeria. The study utilised the ex-post facto research design, on the existing 8 climatic zones in Nigeria. Archival data on rainfall and temperature from 1901 to 2017 used for this study were got from Climate Research Unit, University of East Anglia, via Google Earth Version 7.3.2, using 5° x 5° high-resolution gridded CRUTEM 4.03. Statistical analyses of data were carried out using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Kendall tests. Results indicate that significant differences exist in: rainfall within Nigerian states as determined by ANOVA test at F (35, 4176) = 1596.76 and p = 0.000; temperature within Nigerian states as determined by ANOVA test at F (35, 4176) = 310.73 and p = 0.000; seasonal variations in rainfall within Nigerian states as determined by ANOVA test at F (11, 50532) = 7776.36 and p = 0.000; seasonal variations in temperature within Nigerian states as determined by ANOVA test at F (11, 50532) = 4575.79 and p = 0.000; trends of rainfall across Nigeria; and trends of temperature across Nigeria. While rainfall showed increasing trends, temperature trends were alternately increasing and decreasing. Rainfall and temperature vary spatially and seasonally within Nigeria. The environmental regions have their peculiar rainfall and temperature characteristics. Therefore, this study is of significant importance to agricultural production because understanding regional climatic attributes is an essential environmental part for effective agricultural productivity.
Adakayi P, Oche C, Ishaya S. 2016. Assessment of the patterns of rainfall in northern Nigeria. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management, vol. 9, pp. 554-566.
Adejuwon JO. 2012. Rainfall seasonality in the Niger Delta Belt, Nigeria. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, vol. 5, pp. 51-60.
Akinsanola AA, Ogunjobi KO. 2014. Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature Variability over Nigeria. Global Journal of Human-Social Science: (B) Geography, Geo-Sciences, Environmental Disaster Management, vol. 14, pp. 1-18.
Ati OF, Stigter CJ, Iguisi EO, Afolayan JO. 2009. Profile of rainfall change and variability in the northern Nigeria, 1953-2002. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, vol. 1, pp. 58-63.
Ayanlade S. 2009. Seasonal rainfall variability in Guinea Savanna part of Nigeria: A GIS approach. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, Vol. 1, pp. 282-296.
Dammo MN, Ibn Abubakar BSU, Sangodoyin AY. 2015. Quantitative analysis of rainfall variations in north- eastern region of Nigeria, Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research, vol. 3, pp. 67-72.
Daramola MT, Eresanya EO, Erhabor SC. 2017. Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature over Climatic Zones in Nigeria. Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science, Vol. 11, pp. 1-14.
Egor AOA, Osang JEA, Uquetan UIC, Emeruwa CB, AGBOR MED. 2015. Inter-Annual Variability of Rainfall in Some States of Southern Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, Vol. 4, pp. 134-154.
Hadi SJ, Tombul M. 2017. Conversion of CRUTS 3.23 data and evaluation of precipitation and temperature variables in a local scale. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Sustainable Construction Materials and Civil Engineering Systems pp. 18-20.
Igweze AH, Amagoh MN, Ashinze AN. 2014. Analysis of Rainfall Variations in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, Vol. 8, pp. 25-30.
Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change. 2013. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. In T. F. Stocker, D. Qin, G. -K.Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex & P. M. Midgley (Eds.), Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (p. 1535). Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781107415324.
Jones PD, Lister DH, Osborn TJ, Harpham C, Salmon M, Morice CP. 2012. Hemispheric and large-scale land surface air temperature variations: an extensive revision and an update to 2010. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, D05127.
Odjugo O. 2010. Regional evidence of climate change in Nigeria. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, vol. 3, pp. 142-150.
Ogunrayi OA, Akinseye FM, Goldberg V, Bernhofer C. 2016. Descriptive analysis of rainfall and temperature trends over Akure, Nigeria. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, Vol. 9, pp. 95-202.
Okorie FC, Okeke I, Nnaji A, Chibo C, Pat-Mbano E. 2012. Evidence of Climate Variability in Imo State of South-eastern Nigeria. Journal of Earth Science and Engineering, vol 2, pp. 544-553.
Oluwatobi A, Oluwakemi O. 2016. Analysis of trend and variability of atmospheric temperature in Ijebu-Ode, Southwest Nigeria. International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Science, Vol. 6, pp. 025-031.
Osborn TJ, Jones PD. 2014. The CRUTEM4 land-surface air temperature dataset: construction, previous versions and dissemination via Google Earth. Earth System Science Data, Vol 6, pp. 61-68.
Owolabi JT. 2016. Trend Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature, in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. International Journal of Geography and Environmental Management, Vol. 2, pp. 16-30.
Rahman A, Jiban MJ, Munna SA. 2015. Regional Variation of Temperature and Rainfall in Bangladesh: Estimation of Trend. Open Journal of Statistics, Vol. 5, pp. 652-657.
Slaughter A, Odume N. 2017. Why flooding in Nigeria is an increasingly serious problem, The Conversation, Academic rigour, journalistic flair. https://theconversation.com/why-flooding-in-nigeria-is-an-increasingly-serious-problem-82272
Ukhurebor KE, Abiodun IC. 2018. Variation in Annual Rainfall Data of Forty Years (1978-2017) for South-South, Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage, Vol. 22, pp. 511-518.
Uko ED, Tamunobereton-Ari I. 2013. Variability of Climatic Parameters in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, pp. 727-730.
Yusuf N, Okoh D, Musa I, Adedoja S, Said R. 2017. A Study of the Surface Air Temperature Variations in Nigeria. The Open Atmospheric Science Journal, Vol. 11, pp. 54-19.
Ndakara Ofudjaye Emmanuel, Eyefia Oghenerukevwe Alexander (2021), Spatial and seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature across Nigeria; JBES, V18, N2, February, P79-92
https://innspub.net/spatial-and-seasonal-variations-in-rainfall-and-temperature-across-nigeria/
Copyright © 2021
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0