State-of-the-art strategies in the development of cyclic peptide functionalized nanostructures for cancer chemotherapy

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Review Paper 01/07/2019
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State-of-the-art strategies in the development of cyclic peptide functionalized nanostructures for cancer chemotherapy

Muhammad Jahangeer, Zahed Mahmood, Sarmad Bashir, Sabahat Gulzar, Shoukat Hussain, Sarmad Ahmad Qamar, Areej Riasat
Int. J. Biosci.15( 1), 518-531, July 2019.
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Abstract

Nanobiotechnology is an emerging field in which nanoscale tools are developed for various functionalized biomedical and industrial applications including the targeted release of therapeutic drug molecules. These nanostructures are preferred as they can precisely attack the target site either actively or passively through metabolic barriers without affecting normal cells/tissues of living body. Cancer is a multifactorial disease which involves tissue malignancy and rapid cellular proliferation, leading towards the failure of normal pathophysiological functioning of tissues. Various types of cancers are being treated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and debulking surgery (partial and/or complete removal of cancer cells). These methods have some limitations such as cancer resistance due to drug inactivation, apoptosis suppression (cell death inhibition), multi-drug resistance and modification in drug metabolism. Through the development of target specific functionalized particles, nanobiotechnology paved new road for cancer chemotherapy. Self-assembled peptides are less immunogenic and specific to their target site with ability to inhibit process of angiogenesis, hence, can be used for the engineering of functionalized nanostructures for cancer treatment. This review summarizes various cyclic peptides types (cediranib, abraxane, cilengitide, buserelin, cisplatin, cetrorelix, gemcitabine and triptorelin) that are being used for the treatment of various cancer types. Progress in nanotherapeutics will enhance the drug efficacy with tremendously reduced side effects due to cell-specific targeting leading to the better outcome in personalized oncology.

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