Structure and Regeneration Patterns of Pinus gerardiana (Wall. ex Lamb) Forest Zhob District, Balochistan, Pakistan
Paper Details
Structure and Regeneration Patterns of Pinus gerardiana (Wall. ex Lamb) Forest Zhob District, Balochistan, Pakistan
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the Structure and Regeneration Patterns of Pinus gerardiana (Wall. ex Lamb) Forest Zhob District, Balochistan. The study was conducted during July and August 2018 in Zhob District, Balochistan. Different parameters included, basal area m² ha-1, density ha-1, physical condition, floristic composition, physio-chemical of soil and sex distribution, were determined through standard techniques. Results indicated that’s in field area herbs, shrubs and although grasses were found 50%, 37% and 13%). The average density was 321 ha-1 with a range from 15 to 717 of trees ha-1 and with an average 378 basal area m²ha-1. Basal area and trees density of Chilghoza were significantly correlated (r= 0.37) at 0.001 significant level. A complete seedling density (<6 cm) was found from 113 to 947 ha-1 with an average (448) ind/ha, varied considerably. Population of sex ratio displayed 44 % bisexual with a prevalence of denomination, followed by male 36% while female was 20%. Soil characteristics indicated that the soil was free from salinity, basic in reaction and calcareous in nature.
Ahmed M, Ashfaq M, Amjad M, Saeed M. 1991. Vegetation structure and dynamics of Pinus gerardiana forest in Balochistan. Pakistan Journal of Vegetation Sciences 2, 119-124.
Ahmed M, Hussain T, Sheikh AH, Hussain SS, Siddiqui FM. 2006. Phytosociology and structure of Himalayan forest from different climatic zones of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 38, 361-383.
Ahmed M, Shaukat SS, Buzdar AH. 1990a. Population Structure and Dynamics of Juniperus excelsa forests in Baluchistan, Pakistan. Journal of vegetation Science 1, 271-276.
Ahmed M, Naqui E, Wang ELM. 1990b. Present state of Juniper in Roadhmullazi forest of Baluchistan, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of forest 227-236.
Ahmed M. 1984. Ecological & dendrochronological studies on Agathus australis Salisb. (Kauri). Ph.D. thesis, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Ahmed M, Khan NM, Wahab S, Hamza MF, Siddiqui K, Khan MUN. 2009. Vegetation structure of Olea ferruginea forests of Lower Dir District of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal Botany 41, 2683-2695.
Ahmed M. 1988. Population studies of some planted tree species of Quetta. Journal of Pure Applied sciences 7, 25-29.
Bouyoucos GJ.1951. A relationships of hydrometer method for mechanical analysis of soil. Agricultural Journal 43, 434-438.
Champion GH, Seth SK, Khattak GM. 1965. Forest types of Pakistan. Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, p 238.
Cottam G, Curtis JT. 1956. The use of distance measures in phytosociological sampling. Ecology37, 451-460.
Jackson ML. 1958. Soil analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Dynamics. A Journal of Ecology in the Southern Hemisphere, 4: 293-325.
Hassan AR, Rizvi SHR. 1974. Ecological study of plants in Quetta-Pishin and Sibi districts. Agriculture Pakistan 25, 165-175.
Hussain F. 1989. Field and laboratery manual of ecology. UGC, Islamabad p 18-112.
Kumar A, Dutt V, Sharma DR. 2006. Genetic variability in phenotypic characters of Pinus gerardiana. The Indian Forester 132, 299.
Kumar R, Shamet GS, Mehta H, Alam NM, Kaushal Chaturvedi OP, Sharma N, Khaki BA, Gupta D. 2015. Regeneration complexities of Pinus gerardiana in dry temperate forests of Indian Himalaya. Environmental Sciences Pollution Research., http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-6010.
Khan N, Ahmed M, Wahab M. 2008. Dendrochronological potential of Pieca smithiana (Wall.) Boiss., from Afghanistan. Pakistan Journal Botany 40, 1063-1070.
Knight DH. 1975. A phytosociological analysis of species rich tropical forests on Barro Island, Panama. Ecological. Monogr 45, 259-284.
MaIik AR, Shamet GS, Butola JS. 2012. Natural regeneration status of Chilgoza Pine (Pinus gerardiana Wall). In Himachal pradesh, India: an endangered pine of high edible value. Applied ecology and Environmental Research.10, 365-373.
Muhammad AA, Adnan M, Hussain SK, Hashem A, Alqarawl AA, Abdallah EF. 2017. Comparative regeneration status of Pinus gerardiana in two forest use types of Suleiman mountain range near Pak-Afghan border region: Historical, current and future Perspective.
Mueller-Dombois D, Ellenberg H. 1974. Aims and methods of vegetation ecology. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 547 p.
Majeed A. 1985. Phyto ecological studies in Quetta valley. M.Sc thesis, Balochistan University Quetta.
Norton DA. 1983. A dendro-climatic analysis of three indigenous tree species of South Island. New Zealand. Ph.D. thesis, University of Canterbury, New Zealand.
Ogden J, Powell JA. 1979. A quantitative description of the forest vegetation on an altitudinal gradient in the Mount Field National Park, Tasmania, and a discussion of its history.
Sarangzai AM. 2000. Population structure & regeneration potential of Juniper forests in Baluchistan Province, Pakistan. Ph.D. thesis submitted to the University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
Sarangzai AM, Khan N, Wahab M, Kakar A. 2010. New spread of dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium oxycedri) in Juniper forest, Ziarat, Baluchistan, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 42, 3709-3714.
Qadir SA, Ahmed. 1989. Phytosociology of woodland communities of Hazarganji National Park Quetta. Pakistan Journal of Botany 21, 128-139.
Rafi M. 1965. Vegetation types of Balouchistan Province, Pakistan. Govt. Printing Press, Punjab, Lahore.
Sheikh MI. 1985. Afforestation in Juniper forests of Ziarat, Balochistan. Pakistan Journal for Botany, p 46.
Shafeq M. 1987. A study of Juniper forest of Ziarat town. M.Sc. thesis, Balochistan University, Quetta, Pakistan.
Shaheen H, Qureshi RA, Shinwari ZK. 2011. Structural diversity, vegetation dynamics and anthropogenic impact on lesser Himalayan subtropical forests of Bagh District, Kashmir. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43, 1861-1866.
Sharma P, Sehgal RN, Anup R. 2010. Natural regeneration of Pinus gerardianain dry temperate forests of Kinnaur (Himachal Pradesh). Indian Journal of Forestry 33, 511-518.
Veblen TTS. 1982. On the conifer regeneration gap in New Zealand. The dynamics of Libocedrus bidwillii stands on the South lands. Journal of Ecology 70, 413-436.
Wahab M, Ahmed M, Khan N. 2008. Phytosociology and dynamics of some pine forests of Afghanistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 40, 1071-1079.
Ateeq Ullah Kakar, Atta Muhammad Sarangzai, Saadullah Khan Leghari, Basira Sher, Bakht Zareen, Muhammad Yousaf Tareen (2020), Structure and Regeneration Patterns of Pinus gerardiana (Wall. ex Lamb) Forest Zhob District, Balochistan, Pakistan; IJB, V16, N3, March, P103-114
https://innspub.net/structure-and-regeneration-patterns-of-pinus-gerardiana-wall-ex-lamb-forest-zhob-district-balochistan-pakistan/
Copyright © 2020
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0