home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Study of hematological and biochemical effects of sub-lethel doses of the blue green alga Lyngbya aestuarii

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/02/2020
Views (231) Download (16)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Study of hematological and biochemical effects of sub-lethel doses of the blue green alga Lyngbya aestuarii

E.Y.A. Al-Sultan, F. S. Kataa, A.M. Eassa
Int. J. Biosci.16( 2), 103-123, February 2020.
Certificate: IJB 2020 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Biochemical aspectsFemale miceHematological aspectsLyngbya aestuariiToxicity

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms that colonize a wide variety of habitats. They are the source of more than 300 bioactive secondary compounds. Among those secondary metabolites, the cyanotoxins which have received most of the research attention therefore, the present work aimed to study the detrimental effects of methanolic extract of Lyngbya aestuariion on some physiological aspects in female mice. Hematological parameters were analyzed with automated Hematological analyzer while other biochemical parameters were achieved with commercial kits using spectrophotometer apparatus according to manufacture instructions. The present results showed a significant increase in the red blood corpuscles’ count in both low and high dose groups comparable with control group and there are a significant increase in both HGB and HCT in low dose group comparable with control. Also, there are significant increase in percentage of monocytes in high dose group comparable with control group. Liver enzymes showed significant differences in mice groups for AST only where the low dose treatment registered significant increase in concentrations comparable with control treatment. Concentration of both urea and creatinine showed significant increase in low dose group only comparable with control group which reflect kidney dysfunction. There are significant decreasing in concentration of HDL among mice groups comparable with control group. Finally, total protein concentrations showed significant increase in high dose treatment comparable with control treatment. In conclusion, the detrimental effect of the toxic extract of L. aestuarii was on kidney function.

VIEWS 13
Cover PDF

Abdulsalam A, Al- Hussieny AA, Kamel RF. 2016. Investigation and Detection Algae Growth of Al-Rashed Water Supply, Baghdad, Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 10(1), 30-37 (In Arabic).

Abed IJ. 2013. Environmental and identification study of algae present in three drinking water plants in Baghdad and molecular detection of some toxigenic cyanobacteria. PhD thesis, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Abed IJ. 2015. Isolation and Identification the Cyanobacterium: Scytonema hofmanni var. Calcicolum as New Record in Iraqi Drinking Water.

Iraqi Journal of Science 56 (4A), 2829-2834.

Al Hassany JS, Hassan FM, Gitan RN. 2014. An Environmental Study of Epiphytic Algae on Ceratophyllum demersum in Tigris River within Baghdad City. Baghdad Science Journal 11(3), 1342-1353 (In arabic).

Al- Hussieny AA, Ghalib MBA, Lafta HY Abdulsalam A. 2015. Detection and Diagnosis for Blue Green Algae Toxin-Producing in Al-Rasheed Drinking Water Plant in Baghdad. Jornal of Biotechnology Research Center 9(2), 39-45 (In Arabic).

Alexander J,  Benford B, Cockburn  A,  Cravedi JP, Dogliotti E, Di Domenico A, Fernández-Cruz ML, Gremmels JF, Fürst P, Galli C, Grandjean P, Gzyl J, Heinemeyer G, Johanson N,  Mutti  A, Schlatter J, Leeuwen RV, Peteghem CV,  Verger P. 2009. Scientific opinion of the panel on contaminants in the food chain. The European Food Safety Authority Journal 1019, 1-76.

Al-Hassan A. 2012.  Effect of ethanolic fruit extract of Xylopia Aethiopica (dunal) A. rich (annonaceae) and Xylopic acid on reproductive function in male rats. Ph.D. thesis/Department of Pharmacology / Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences / Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, p 136.

Ali SH.  2016. Seasonal differences in physical and chemical factors and algal content of the Euphrates River at the city of Nasiriyah. Journal of Education for Pure Science 6(1), 82-92 (In Arabic).

AL-Shaheen MAG. 2002. Species composition of algae and its ability to produce toxins in drinking water stations at Basrah city, Iraq. M.Sc. Thesis, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq (In Arabic).

AL-Shaheen MAG. 2011. Removal of Microcystins from an Aqueous Cells Extract of some toxic Cyanobacterial species by using activated carbon. Marsh Bulletin 6(1), 82-97.

Al-Sultan EYA, Abd Al Majeed MI, Abbas AAK. 2015. Study of Physiological and Histological Effects Under very low Concentration of Cyanobacterial toxin MC-LR on Lab. Mice (Mus musculus) Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 6(5), 1064-1072.

Al-Sultan EYA, Abbas SS. 2017. Toxic effects of sub-lethal dose of algal toxin (Microcystin-LR) on male laboratory mice MUS muscullus L. International Journal of Biosciences 11(5), 192-203.

AL-Sultan EYA, Aubaed AA.  2017. Extraction and Purification of Neurotoxin (Anatoxin-a) From Blue-green Alga Pesudoanabaena limnetica and Indicating Its Histopathological Effects on The Brain of Male Laboratory Mice (Mus Musculus L.). Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 7(18), 77-78.

Al-Sultan EYA, Mahmood JY. 2016. Ecological Study for Some Purification drinking water stations Phytoplankton in Basrah Governorate and Estimate the Concentration of Hepatotoxins. Journal of al-qadisiyah for pure science 21(3), 52-70. . (In Arabic).

Al-Sultan EYA. 2007. Bioassay of some toxic microalgae. Ph.D. Thesis. College of Education, Basrah University, Iraq 127 p.

Basten G. 2010. Introduction to Clinical Biochemistry: Interpreting Blood Results. Dr. Graham Basten & Ventus Publishing ApS. SBN 978-87-7681-673-5. 57 p.

Carmichael WW, Azevedo SM, An JS, Molica RJ, Jochimsen EM,  Lau S, Rinehart KL, Shaw GR, Eaglesham GK. 2001. Human fatalities from cyanobacteria: chemical and biological evidence for cyanotoxins. Environmental Health Perspectives 109, 663-668.

Cirés S, Wӧrmer L, Ballot A, Agha R, Wiedner C, Velgzquez D, Casero MC, Quesada A. 2014. Phylogeography of Cylindrospermopsin and Paralytic Shellfish Toxin -Producing Nostocales   Cyanobacteria from Mediterranean Europe (Spain).  Applied Environmental Microbiology 80(4), 1359–1370.

Coleman RM, Ojeda-Torres G, Bragg W, Fearey D, McKinney P, Castrodale L, Verbrugge D, Stryker K, DeHart  E, Cooper M, Hamelin E,  Thomas J, Johnson RC. 2018. Saxitoxin Exposure Confirmed by Human Urine and Food Analysis. Journal of Analytical Toxicology 42, e61–e64.

Dietrich DR, Ernst B, Day BW. 2007. Human consumer death and algal supplement consumption:a post mortem assessment of potential microcystin-intoxification via microcystin immunoistochemical (MC-ICH) analyses. 7 th International Conference on Toxic Cyanobacteria (ICTC), Brazil, p 132.

Esmaeel BA. 2017. Study of Some Physiological and Histological Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Alga Oscillatoria limosa C. Agardh ex Gomont, 1892 in laboratory white mice Mus musculus L. M. Sc thesis, College of Education For Pure Sciences, Basrah University, p 180.

García C, Barriga A, Dı´az JC, Lagos M,  Lagos N. 2010.Route of metabolization and detoxication of paralytic shellfish toxins in humans. Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology 55,135–144.

García C, Lagos M, Truan D, Lattes K, Véjar O, Chamorro B, Iglesias V, Andrinolo D, Lagos N. 2005. Human intoxification with paralytic shellfish toxins: Clinical parameters and toxin analysis in plasma and urine. Biological Research 38, 197-205.

Haghpanah S, Davania M, Samadia B, Ashrafia A, Karimi M.  2010. Serum lipid profiles in patients with beta-thalassemia major and intermedia in southern Iran. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 15(3), 150-154.

Hassan FM, Salman JM, Al-Nasrawi S.  2017. Community Structure of Benthic Algae in a Lotic Ecosystem, Karbala Province-Iraq. Baghdad Science Journal 14(4), 692-706.

Heideveld E,  Hampton – O’Neil  LA,  Cross SJ, van Alphen FPJ,  van den Biggelaar M, Toye  AM, van den Akker  E.  2018. Glucocorticoids induce differentiation of monocytes towards macrophages that share functional and phenotypical aspects with erythroblastic island macrophages. Haematologica 103(3), 395-405.

KataFS, Athbi AM, Esmaeel BA.  2017. Effect of Toxic Compounds Extracted from Microalgae Oscillatoria limosa (Roth) Agardh on the Fertility of White Male Mice Mus musculus L. Journal of Natural Sciences Research 7(20), 24-33.

Kemal J. 2014. Laboratory Manual and Review on Clinical Pathology. OMICS Group eBooks. USA. p 31.

Pandey JC, Prasad CK. 2016. Study of acute phase proteins in liver disease. Asian Journal of Biomedical pharmaceutical sciences 6(53), 35-36.

Knaack JS,  Porter KA, Jacob JT,  Sullivan K,  Forester M, Wang  RY, Trainer VL, Morton S,  Eckert G, McGahee  E, Thomas  J,  McLaughlin  J, Johnson RC. 2016. Case diagnosis and characterization of suspected paralytic shellfish poisoning in Alaska.  Harmful Algae 57, 45–50.

Kopp  R, Palíková  M,  Navrátil S,  Kubíček  Z,  Ziková A, Mareš J. 2010. Modulation of Biochemical and Haematological Indices of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) Exposed to Toxic Cyanobacterial Water Bloom. Acta Veterinaria Brno 79, 135–146.

Lai JCC, Kakuta I, Mok HOL, Rummer JL, Randall D. 2006. Effects of moderate and substantial hypoxia on erythropoietin levels in rainbow trout kidney and spleen. Journal of Experimental Biology 209, 2734-2738.

Lu FC, Kacew S. 2002. Lu’s Basic Toxicology. Fundamentals, target organs and risk assessment. Fourth edition. Taylor and Francis Inc., p 392.

Martin JE, Sheaff MT.  2007. Renal ageing. Journal of Pathology 211, 198-205.

Miller KL, Silverman PH, Kullgren B, Mahlmann LJ. 1989. Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and the Anemia Associated with Murine Malaria. Infection and Immunity 57(5), 1542-1546.

Moldawer LL, Marano MA, WeiH,  Fong Y,  Silen M L, Kuo G, Manogue KR, Vlassara H, Cohen H, Cerami A. 1989. Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor-alpha alters red blood cell kinetics and induces anemia in vivo. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 3(5), 1637-1643.

Mounira M. 2015. Evaluation of toxicity in mice and rats and antioxidant activities of Ruta montana L. extracts. Ph.D Thesis, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of the Nature and Life, Ferhat Abbas University Setif, p 137.

Murray RK, Granner DK, Mayers PA, Rodwel VW. 2008. Harper’s Biochemistry, 27th edition. McGraw Publishers, New York.

Nsiah K,  Dzogbefia VP, Ansong D, Osei Akoto  A,  Boateng H, Ocloo  D. 2011. Pattern of AST and ALT Changes in Relation to Hemolysis in Sickle Cell Disease. Clinical Medicine Insights: Blood Disorders 4, 1–9.

Palikova  M,  Navrátil S, Krejci R, Sterba F, Tichy F, Kubala L, Marsalek B,  Blaha L. 2004. Outcomes of repeated exposure of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) to cyanobacteria extract. Acta Veterinaria Brno 73, 259-265.

Pan X, Chang F, Liu Y, Li D, Xu A, Shen Y, Huang Z. 2008. Mouse Toxicity of Anabaena flos-aquae from Lake Dianchi, China. Environmental Toxicology 24(1), 10-18.

Pouria S,  De Andrade A,  Barbarosa J, Cavalcanti RL,  Barreto VTS, Ward OJ, Preiser W, Poon GK,  Neild GH,  Codd GA.  1998. Fatal microcystin intoxication in haemodialysis unit in Caruaru, Brazil, Lancet 352, 21-26.

Ramamurthy V, Jayanthi G, Gowri R, Maria Rajeswari D, Vadivazhagi  MK Raveendran S. 2013. Effect of Lyngbya hieronymusii on Immunity and Survival of Aeromonas hydrophilia infected Platycephalus gibbosus. International Journal of Pure Applied Zoology 1(2), 151-159.

Ramos PB, Diehl F, dos Santos JM, Monserrat JM, Yunes JS.  2014. Oxidative stress in rats induced by consumption of saxitoxin contaminated drink water. Harmful Algae 37, 68–74.

Rangel M, Brunetti RL, Garcia AN, Cambui CCN, Conserva GAA, Neves AC, Sant’ Anna CL, Carvalho LR. 2013. Acute effects of three Geitlerinema spp. (Cyanobacterial extracts administrated in mice: symptoms and histopathological aspects. Phytochemical Reviews 12, 543–553.

Riley RS, Ben-Ezra JM, Tidwell A. 2001. Reticulocyte Enumeration: Past and Present. Laboratory medicine 10(32), 559-608.

Seixas MO, Rocha LC, Carvalho MB, Menezes JF, Lyra IM, Nascimento VD, Couto R,  Atta  ÁM,  Reis MG,  Goncalves MS. 2010. Levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among children with steady-state sickle cell disease. Lipids Health and Disease 9(91), 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-9-91.

Silva de Assis  HC, da Silva CA,  Oba  ET, Pamplona  JH,  Mela  M,  Doria HB, Guiloski IC, Ramsdorf W, Cestari MM. 2013. Hematologic and hepatic responses of the freshwater fish Hoplias malabaricus after saxitoxin exposure. Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology 66, 25–30.

Srbová L.  2011. The influence of high concentrations of urea upon red blood cells and T-cells. Diploma thesis, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, p 77.

Stewart I. 2004. Recreational Exposure to Freshwater Cyanobacteria: Epidemiology, Dermal Toxicity and Biological Activity of Cyanobacterial Lipopolysaccharides. Ph.D. thesis, University of Queensland,USA, p 418.

Testai  E,  Buratti FM, Funari  E, Manganelli  M, Vichi S, Arnich N, Biré  R, Fessard V, Sialehaamoa  A.  2016. Review and analysis of occurrence, exposure and toxicity of cyanobacteria toxins in food. EFSA supporting publication. European Food Safety Authority, 2016: EN-998. P 309.

Vargas Á, Bustos-Obregón E, Hartley R. 2011. Effects of hypoxia on epididymal sperm parameters and protective role of ibuprofen and melatonin. Biological Research 44, 161-167.

Vignjević S, Budeć M, Marković D, Dikića D, Mitrovića O, Mojsilović S, Durić SV, Koko V, Cokić BB, Cokić V, Jovcic G. 2014. Chronic psychological stress activates BMP4-dependent extra medullary erythropoiesis. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 18(1), 91-103.

Weirich CA, Miller TR.  2014. Freshwater Harmful Algal Blooms: Toxins and Children’s Health. Current Problems in Pediatric Adolescent Health Care 44, 2-24.

Woreta TA, Alqahtani SA. 2014. Evaluation of abnormal liver tests. Medical Clinic of North America 98, 1–16.

Zepeda RJ, Candiracci  M,  Lobos  N, Lux S, Miranda  HF. 2014. Chronic toxicity study of neosaxitoxin in rats. Marine Drugs 12(9), 5055-5071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md12095055.

Submit Manuscript