Supplementation of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) improves physical activeness level of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Paper Details
Supplementation of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) improves physical activeness level of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Abstract
This study determines the effects of spirulina supplementation on the physical activeness level in cultured catfish. Five experimental diets containing different percent of spirulina (0% (control), 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%) were fed daily to a total of 30 catfish fry/cage (in triplicate) at 5% body weight, for a period of 105 days. The level of physical activeness was determined by giving a score during daily feeding for 90 consecutive days, fortnight handing for total body weight and length measurement, and feeding during Aeromonas hydrophila challenge experiments.At daily feeding and handling for body weight and length measurement, groups of catfish supplemented with spirulina scored very active level of physical activeness, while the control group catfish score was normal. The physical activeness level during A. hydrophila challenge showed that the catfish with spirulina supplementation scored better physical activeness compared to catfish with control diet. This study concludes that supplementation of spirulina as low as 1% in feed will improves physical activeness level of the catfish. Moreover, spirulina helps in the motivation for feeding during non-infection and infection by bacterial pathogen.
Becker EW. 2007. Microalgae as a source of protein. Biotechnology Advances 25, 207-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.11.002.
Bhowmik D, Dubey J, Mehra S. 2009. Probiotic efficiency of Spirulina platensis stimulating growth of lactic acid bacteria. Journal of Agriculture &Environmental Science 6,546-549.
Brown MR, Jeffrey SW, Volkman JK, Dunstan GA. 1997. Nutritional properties of microalgae for mariculture. Aquaculture 151, 315-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(96)01501-3.
Certik M, Shimizu S. 1999.Biosynthesis and regulation of microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid and production. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 87, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1389-1723(99)80001-2
Harel M, Koven W, Lein I, Bar Y, Beherens P, Stubblefield J, Zohar Y, Place AR. 2002. Advanced DHA, EPA and ARA enrichment materials for marine aquaculture using single cell heterotrophs. Aquaculture 213, 347–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(02)00047-9.
Martins CIM, Hillen B, Schrama JW, Verreth JAJ. 2008. A brief note on the relationship between residual feed intake and aggression behaviour in juveniles of African catfish Claria sgariepinus. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 111, 408-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2007.06.017
Martins CIM, Trenovski M, Schrama JW, Verreth JAJ. 2006.Comparison of feed intake behavior and stress response in isolated and non-isolated African catfish. Journal of Fish Biology 69, 629-636. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01121.x.
Muller-Feuga A. 2000. The role of microalgae in aquaculture: Situation and trends. Journal of Applied Phycology 12, 527-534. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008106304417.
Natrah FMI, Yusoff FM, Shariff M, Abas F, Mariana NS. 2007. Screening of Malaysian indigenous microalgae for antioxidant properties and nutritional value. Journal of Applied Phycology 19, 711-718. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-007-9192-5.
Fatihah MNN, Amal MNA, Hishamuddin o, Ismail A. 2017. Spirulina, Arthrospira platensis supplementation in catfish, Clarias gariepinus, reduces susceptibility to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Paper presented at International Conference on Advances in Fish Health 2017 (ICFISH 2017), 4-6 April 2017, Office of the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research and Innovation), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Palmegiano GB, Agradi E, Forneris G, Gail F, Gasco l, Rigamonti E, Sicuro B, Zoccarato I. 2005. Spirulina as a nutrient source in diets for growing sturgeon (Acipenser baeri). Aquaculture Research 36, 188-195. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01209.x.
Promya J,Chitmanant C. 2011. The effects of Spirulina platensis and cladophora algae on the growth performance, meat quality and immunity stimulating capacity of the African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus). International Journal of Agriculture &Biology 13, 77-82.
Radhakrishnan S, SaravanaBhavan P, Seenivasan C, Shanthi R, Muralisankar T. 2014. Replacement of fishmeal with Spirulina platensis, Chlorella vulgaris and Azolla pinnata on non-enzymatic and enzymnatic antioxidant activities of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology 67, 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobaz.2013.12.003.
Radhakrishnan S, Belal IEH, Seenivasan C, Muralisankar T, Bhavan PS. 2016. Impact of fishmeal replacement with Arthrospira platensis on growth performance, body composition and digestive enzyme activities of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquaculture Reports 3, 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2015.11.005.
Sirakov I, Velichkova K, Nikolov G.2012. The effect of algae meal (Spirulina) on the growth performance and carcass parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Bioscience Biotechnology 2012,151-156.
Vonshak A. 1997. Spirulinaplatensis (Arthospira): Physiology, cell biology and biotechnology. Bristol, UK. Taylor & Francis.
Nor Fatihah Mohd Nasir, Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai, Hishamuddin Omar, Ahmad Ismail (2017), Supplementation of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) improves physical activeness level of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus); IJB, V11, N5, November, P146-150
https://innspub.net/supplementation-of-spirulina-arthrospira-platensis-improves-physical-activeness-level-of-the-catfish-clarias-gariepinus/
Copyright © 2017
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0