The anthropocene woven community structure of testate amoeba in Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam

Paper Details

Research Paper 05/05/2024
Views (455) Download (49)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

The anthropocene woven community structure of testate amoeba in Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam

Aradhana Chaudhary
J. Bio. Env. Sci.24( 5), 1-7, May 2024.
Certificate: JBES 2024 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

A preliminary study was carried out in Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, during December 2023 to assess the testate amoeba diversity. The sanctuary has wet mixed deciduous forest, grassland and marshy areas and is situated at the Brahmaputra floodplain region. During this study, thirty seven species of testate amoebae were recorded which belonged to nine families and twelve genus. Twenty nine species belongs to phylum Cercozoa; Genus Centropyxis Stein 1857, Euglypha Dujardin 1841, Difflugia Leclerc 1815, Arcella Ehrenberg 1830 and Trinema Dujardin 1841 are the dominant while family Centropyxidae has highest number of species in the study area. High abundance and species richness of testate amoebae indicates the resilient nature of the ecosystem in the forest. This sanctuary has gained importance due to its ability to serve as an ideal habitat for the Greater One Horned Rhinoceros, a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List. The increasing contest for space and resources between this mega herbivore and humans are causing habitat destruction in the area; while the recurrence flood also enhances the habitat destruction process. This Anthropocene driven habitat has a huge impact on community structure of the animals including the microbial world. The testate amoeba community structure differs with its biotopes, indicating its capability to serve as a bioindicators. The incorporation of the study of testate amoeba diversity can serve as a potent tool to assess the change in the forests (habitats), formulate steps to conserve our forests and assess their ecological health.

VIEWS 144

Adl SM, Bass D, Lane CE, Lukeš J, Schoch CL, Smirnov A, Cárdenas P. 2019. Revisions to the classification, nomenclature, and diversity of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66(1), 4–119. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12691

Bora PJ, Kumar Y. 2003. Floristic diversity of Assam: study of Pabitora wildlife sanctuary. Daya Books.

Buttler A, Warner BG, Grosvernier P, Matthey Y. 1996. Vertical patterns of testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) and peat‐ forming vegetation on cutover bogs in the Jura, Switzerland. New Phytol. 134, 371–382.

Charman DJ, Hendon D. 2000. Long-term changes in soil water tables over the past 4500 years: relationships with climate and North Atlantic atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature. Clim Change 47, 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005673624994

Charman DJ, Brown AD, Hendon D, Karofeld E. 2004. Testing the relationship between Holocene peatland paleoclimate reconstructions and instrumental data at two European sites. Quaternary Science Reviews 23, 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.10.006

Chattopadyay P, Das AK. 2003. Morphology, Morphometry and ecology of moss dwelling testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) of North and North –East India. Mem. Zool. Surv. India 19(4) 1-113. 7.

Charman DJ, Blundell A, Accrotelm. 2007. A new European testate amoebae transfer function for palaeohydrological reconstruction on ombrotrophic peatlands. J. Quat. Sci. 22, 209–221.

Choudhury AU. 1985. Distribution of Indian one-horned Rhinoceros. Tiger paper XII (2), 25-30.

Das AK, Mondal AK, Sarkar NC. 1993. Freeliving Protozoa. Zool. Surv. India, State Fauna Series, 3: Fauna of West Bengal, Part 12: 1-134.

Das AK, Mondal AK, Tiwari DN, Sarkar NC. 1995. Protozoa. Zool. Surv. India, State Fauna Series, 4: Fauna of Meghalaya, Part 10: 1-107.

Districts in Assam. 2023 Dec. 01. www.assamonline.in/about/administration/districts-in-assam

Finlay BJ, Esteban GF, Olmo JL, Tyler PA. 1999. Global distribution of free‐living microbial species. Ecography 22(2), 138-144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.1999.tb00461.x

Finlay BJ, Esteban GF, Clarke KJ, Olmo JL. 2001. Biodiversity of terrestrial protozoa appears homogeneous across local and global spatial scales. Protist 152(4), 355-366. https://doi.org/10.1078/1434-4610-00073

Finlay BJ. 2002. Global dispersal of free-living microbial eukaryote species. Science 296, 1061-1063. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1070710

Foissner W. 1999. Protist diversity: estimates of the near-imponderable. Protist 150, 363–368.

Hoogenraad HR, De Groot AA. 1942. On fossil freshwater Rhizopoda from tropical moors in Sumatra and Borneo.

Jassey VEJ, Chiapusio G, Binet P, Buttler A, Laggoun-Defarge F, Delarue F, Bernard N, Mitchell EAD, Toussaint M-L, Francez A-J, Gilbert D. 2013. Above- and belowground linkages in Sphagnum peatland: climate warming affects plant-microbial interactions. Global Change Biol. 19, 811–823

Kalita H, Baruah PP. 2023. Euglenozoan diversity in Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, a unique wetland habitat for Rhinos and migratory birds. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology 12(2), 248-266.

Krashevska V, Bonkowski M, Maraun M, Scheu S. 2007. Testate amoebae (Protista) of an elevational gradient in the tropical mountain rain forest of Ecuador. Pedobiologia 51(4), 319-331.

Krashevska V, Sandmann D, Marian F, Maraun M, Scheu S. 2017. Leaf litter chemistry drives the structure and composition of soil testate amoeba communities in a tropical montane rainforest of the Ecuadorian Andes. Microbial ecology 74, 681-690.

Krashevska V, Tsyganov A, Esaulov A, Mazei Y, Hapsari KA, Saad A, Sabiham S, Behling H, Biagioni S. 2020. Testate Amoeba Species-and Trait-Based Transfer Functions for Reconstruction of Hydrological Regime in Tropical Peatland of Central Sumatra, Indonesia. Front. Ecol. Evol. 8, 1-15.

Lamentowicz M, Mitchell EA. 2007. Testate amoebae as ecological and palaeohydrological indicators in peatlands-the Polish experience. Wetlands: Monitoring, Modelling and Management. Taylor & Francis, New York, 85-90.

McCarthy FMG, Collins ES, McAndrews JH, Kerr HA, Scott DB, Medioli FS. 1995. A Comparison of Postglacial Arcellacean (Thecamoebian) and Pollen Succession in Atlantic Canada, Illustrating the Potential of Arcellaceans for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction. J. Paleontol. 69, 980-993.

Meyer C, Gilbert D, Gaudry A, Franchi M, Nguyen-Viet H, Fabure J, Bernard N. 2009. Relationship of Atmospheric Pollution Characterized by Gas (NO2) and Particles (PM10) to Microbial Communities Living in Bryophytes at Three Differently Polluted Sites (Rural, Urban, and Industrial). Microbial Ecol. 59, 324–334

Meyer C, Gilbert D, Gillet F, Moskura M, Franchi M, Bernard N. 2012. Using Bryophytes and their associated testate amoeba” microsystems as indicators of atmospheric pollution. Ecol. Indic. 13, 144–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.05.020

Meyer C, Desalme D, Bernard N. 2013. Using testate amoeba as potential biointegrators of atmospheric deposition of phenanthrene (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) on “moss/soil interface-testate amoeba community microecosystems. Ecotoxicology 22, 287–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-012-1025-x

Mitchell EAD, Buttler A, Grosvernier P, Rydin H, Hoosbeek MR, Greenup A, Saarinen T. 2000. Relationships among testate amoebae (Protozoa), vegetation and water chemistry in ‑ve Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in Europe. New Phytologist 145, 95–106.

Mitchell EAD, van der Knaap WO, van Leeuwen JF, Buttler A, Warner BG, Gobat JM. 2001. The palaeoecological history of the Praz-Rodet bog (Swiss Jura) based on pollen, plant macrofossils and testate amoebae (Protozoa). The Holocene 11(1), 65-80. https://doi.org/10.1191/095968301671777798

Mitchell EA, Payne RJ, Lamentowicz M. 2008. Potential implications of differential preservation of testate amoeba shells for paleoenvironmental reconstruction in peatlands. Journal of Paleolimnology 40, 603-618.

Nguyen-Viet H, Bernard N, Mitchell EAD, Cortet J, Badot PM, Gilbert D. 2007. Relationship between testate amoeba (Protist) communities and atmospheric heavy metals accumulated in Barbula indica (Bryophyta) in Vietnam. Microbial Ecol. 53, 53–65

Ogden CG, Hedley RH. 1980. An Atlas of Freshwater Testate Amoebae. Oxford University Press, London. 236p.

Patterson RT, Kumar A. 2002. A review of current testate rhizopod (thecamoebian) research in Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 180(1-3), 225-251.

Warner BG, Chmielewski JG. 1992. Testate Amoebae (Protozoa) as Indicators of Drainage in a Forested Mire, Northern Ontario, Canada. Arch. Protistenknde. 141, 179–183

Warner BG, Asada T, Quinn N. 2007. Seasonal Influences on the Ecology of Testate Amoebae (Protozoa) in a Small Sphagnum peatland in Southern Ontario, Canada. Microbial Ecol. 51, 91–100.