home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

The characterization and analysis of chemical contaminations of pharmaceutical industrial wastewater (case study: North of Iran)

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/03/2015
Views (287) Download (15)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

The characterization and analysis of chemical contaminations of pharmaceutical industrial wastewater (case study: North of Iran)

Zahra Zamiraei, Mohammad Panahandeh, Habib FathiDokht, Nilufer Arshad
J. Bio. Env. Sci.6( 3), 272-278, March 2015.
Certificate: JBES 2015 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Chemical contaminationsFormalinHeavy metalPharmaceutical industryTreatment methods

Abstract

This study describes a general risk-assessment and treatment approach to determine acceptable level of contaminant concentrations in the wastewater of pharmaceutical company. For definition chemical contaminants at studied company, it has reviewed available data on materials that company consumed annual. As a result, it was indicated high levels of formaldehyde, cyanide and some other heavy metals. Physicochemical parameters in liquid effluents of pharmaceutical company were determined in both chemical laboratory and open wastewater effluent channel. The paper offered a pre-treatment before traditional industrial wastewater treatment. This paper proposes a pre-treatment procedure to be applied before the traditional industrial wastewater treatment. In addition, heavy metals and cyanide in chemical laboratory are discretely removed by chemical treatment methods. It may provide effective to apply the combination of biological treatment of carbon and nutrient removal for final wastewater treatment in order to discharging to surface waters.

VIEWS 11
Cover PDF

Addamo  M,  Augugliaro  V,  García-López  E, Loddo V, Marcì G, Palmisano L. 2005. Oxidation of oxalate ion in aqueous suspensions of TiO2 by photocatalysis and ozonation. Catalysis Today 107, 612-618.

Andreozzi R, Canterino M, Marotta R, Paxeus N. 2005. Antibiotic removal from wastewaters: the ozonation of amoxicillin. Journal of hazardous Materials 122(3), 243-250.

Kolpin DW, Furlong ET, Meyer MT, Thurman EM, Zaugg SD, Barber LB, Buxton HT. 2002. Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in US streams, 1999-2000: A national reconnaissance. Environmental science & technology 36(6), 1202-1211.

Onesios KM, Jim TY, Bouwer EJ. 2009. Biodegradation and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in treatment systems: a review. Biodegradation 20(4), 441-66.

Yadav J, Pathak RK, Khan E. 2013. Analysis of Water Quality using Physico-Chemical Parameters, Satak Reservoir in Khargone District, MP, India. International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences 2(1), 9-11.

Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA). 1991. Guidelines for Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria FEPA: Lagos, p. 19-194.

Naveen D, Chandrajit B, Prasenjit M. 2014. Study for the treatment of Cyanide bearing Wastewater using Bioadsorbent Prunus Amygdalus (Almond shell): Effect of pH, adsorbent dose, Contact Time, Temperature, and initial Cyanide concentration. International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences 3(1), 23-30.

Adeyeye EI, Faleye FJ, Omolaja TM. 2007. Metal concentration of liquid effluents and surroundings of a pharmaceutical industry. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 21(1), 23-31.

Mišík M, Knasmueller S, Ferk F, Cichna-Markl M, Grummt T, Schaar H, Kreuzinger N. 2011. Impact of ozonation on the genotoxic activity of tertiary treated municipal wastewater. Water Research 45(12), 3681-3691.

Klamer h, Mala S, era, Fernández-Alba A, Mailhot G. 2012. Treatment of municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents with modified photo-Fenton as a tertiary treatment for the degradation of micro pollutants and disinfection. Environmental Science & Technology 46(5), 2885-2892.

Deegan AM, Shaik B, Nolan K, Urell K, Oelgemöller M, Tobin J, Morrissey A. 2011. Treatment options for wastewater effluents from pharmaceutical companies. International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology 8(3), 649-666.

Stackelberg PE, Furlong ET, Meyer MT, Zaugg SD, Henderson AK, Reissman DB. 2004. Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water-treatment Plant. Science of the total environment 329(1), 99-113.

Drewes JE, Fox P. 1999. Behavior and characterization of residual organic compounds in wastewater used for indirect potable reuse. Water science and technology 40(4), 391-398.

Weber S, Khan S, Hollender J. 2006. Human risk assessment of organic contaminants in reclaimed wastewater used for irrigation. Desalination 187(1), 53-64.

Federation WE, American Public Health Association. 2005. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th Edition. American Public Health Association (APHA): Washington, DC, USA.

Ackland NR, Hinton MR, Denmeade KR. 1980. Controlled formaldehyde fumigation system. Applied and environmental microbiology 39(3), 480-487.

Sondossi M, Rossmoore HW, Williams R. 1989. Relative Formaldehyde Resistance among Bacterial Survivors of Biocide-Treated Metalworking Fluid. International biodeterioration 25(6), 423-437.

Struzeski EJ. 1980. Status of Wastes Handling and Waste Treatment across the Pharmaceutical Industry and 1977 Effluent Limitations. In Proceedings of the 35th Industrial Waste Conference, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA.

Tchobanoglous G, Burton FL, Burton F, Stensel HD. 2005. Wastewater engineering: treatment and reuse, 4th ed. Inc. Metcalf and Eddy, McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., New York, USA.

Heberer T. 2002. Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment: a review of recent research data. Toxicology letters 131(1), 5-17.

Abou-Elela  SI,  Ibrahim  HS,  Abou-Taleb  E. 2008. Heavy metal removal and cyanide destruction in the metal plating industry: An integrated approach from Egypt. The Environmentalist 28(3), 223-229.

Submit Manuscript