The mineralization of Titanium (Ti) and Iron (Fe) in gabbros of ophiolitic fanouj zone (Sistan & Baluchestan, Iran)
Paper Details
The mineralization of Titanium (Ti) and Iron (Fe) in gabbros of ophiolitic fanouj zone (Sistan & Baluchestan, Iran)
Abstract
The ophiolitic complex of west Fanouj is located at 200km of southwest of Iran shahr and near Kheirabad village in Sistan & Baluchestan province. This Ophiolitic complex is in the obduction zone of oceanic crust of the Oman Sea between Makran coast faults and Fanouj fault (with east-west trend) and is often located in inverse status. Ophiolites of west Fanouj are composed of three units including gabbro, diabasic dikes, and a small amount of micro-diorite and peridotite. Ilmenite is the main mineral of titanium that is formed with magnetite as cross-crystal after crystallization of plagioclase, Olivine, and pyroxene and often combined with amphibole in gabbro ores. Under high oxygen fugacity condition, formation of extensive gabbro masses which is accompanied by crystallization of plagioclase and pyroxene has made a Ti-Fe-rich fluid formation while the main host of illmenite reserves, the ferro- gabbro ore is forming. Together with gradual crystallization process and reduction inconsistent elements such as Cr and Mg and increase in inconsistent elements such as Mn, Na, and Ti from lower part to upper parts of ophiolitic complex indicate formation of this complex by crystal subtraction process from Ti-rich tholeitic magma.
Anant S, Rajish KS, Chandra R, George AJ. 2001. Fe-Ti-enriched mafic rocks from south Andaman ophiolite suite: Implication of late stage liquid immiscibility, Current Science. 80, 453-454.
Arshadi S, Mahdavi MA. 1987. Geological map of Fanouj (1;100000), Geological Survey of Iran.
Beard JS, Day HW. 1986. Origin of gabbro pegmatite in the Smartville intrusive complex, northern Sierra Nevada, California, American Mineralogist, 71, 1085-1099.
Boudier F, Nicolas A. 1985. Harzburgite and lherzolite subtypes in ophiolitic and oceanic environment”, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 76, 84-92.
Boulin J. 1991. Structures in south east Asia and evolution of the eastern Tethys, Tectonophysics, 196, 211-268.
Church WR, Ricco L. 1977. Fractionation trends in the Bay of Islands ophiolite of ophiolites and their classification, Canadian Newfoundland: polycyclic cumulate sequences in Journal of Earth Sciences, 14, 1156-1165.
Devaraju TC, Jayaraj KR, Sudhakara TL, Alapieti TT, Spiering B, Kaukonen RJ. 2014. Mineralogy, geochemistry and petrogenesis of the V-Ti-bearing and chromiferous magnetite deposits hosted by Neoarchaean Channagiri Mafic-Ultramafic Complex, Western DharwarCraton, India,” : Implications for emplacement in differentiated pulses, Central European Journal of Geosciences, 6(4), 518-548.
Ghazi AM, Hassanipak AA, Mahoney JJ, Duncan RA. 2004. Geochemical haracteristics, 40Ar– 39Ar ages and original tectonic setting of the Band-e- Ziyarat/Dar Anarophiolite, Makranac cretionary prism, S.E. Iran. Tectonophysics, 393, 175– 196.
Guilbert JM, Park JrCF. 1997. The Geology of Ore Deposits, Freaman and company, New York, 985P.
Hawkin JW. 1980. Petrology of back arc basins and island arc: their role in the origin of ophiolite. In: Proceedings of the International Ophiolite Symposium, Geological Survey Department, Cyprus.
Kerrich R, Wyman DA. 1997. Review of developments in trace- element fingerprinting of geodynamic settings and their implications for mineral exploration”, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 44, 465-487.
Knipper A, Ricou LE, Dercourt J. 1986. Ophiolites as indicators of the geodynamic evolution of the Tethyan Ocean”,Tectonophysics, 123, 213-240.
Morisset CE, Williamson MC, Hipkin V. 2013. Investigation of three Fe–Ti oxide deposits associated with Grenvilliananorthosite massifs as potential source for lunar analogue ilmenite, ” Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 50(1), 64-77.
Mücke A. 2003. Magnetite, ilmenite and ulvite in rocks and ore deposits: petrography, microprobe analyses and genetic implications, Mineralogy & Petrology, 77 (3/4), 215.
Nicolas A. 1989. Structures of ophiolites and dynamics of oceanic lithosphere”, Kluwer Academic publishers, London, 367 p.
Rajabzadeh MA, Ghorbani M, Saadati M. 2011. Mineralization study of titanium in Kahnoujophiolitic complex based on petrological, mineralogical and geochemical data, south of Kerman province (in farsi). Petrology, 2nd Year, Autumn. 7, 21-38.
Rickwood PC. 1989. Boundary lines within petrologic diagrams which use oxides of major and minor elements, Lithos, 22, 247-263.
Robb LJ. 2005. Introduction to ore-forming processes,Wiley-Blackwell, 384P.
Serri M. 1981. Petrochemistry of ophiolite gabbroic complex: A key for classification of ophiolites into low-Ti and high-Ti types, Earth and Planetary Sci, Lett, , 52, 203-212.
Majid Falaknazi, Mehrdad Karimi , 2014. The mineralization of Titanium (Ti) and Iron (Fe) in gabbros of ophiolitic fanouj zone (Sistan & Baluchestan, Iran). J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 5(6), 432-440.
Copyright © 2014 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.