Ethnobotanical study on the weeds of wheat crop in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/01/2018
Views (492) Download (19)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Ethnobotanical study on the weeds of wheat crop in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Meraj Ali, Syed Zahir Shah, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Muhammad Fazil, Reshman Naz, Adil Zafar
Int. J. Biosci.12( 1), 362-373, January 2018.
Certificate: IJB 2018 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

An ethno-botanical survey was conducted in order to document information about the traditional uses of plant species growing as weeds in the wheat fields of Swabi, one of the districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. According to our findings about 138 weed species, belonging to 35 families and 111 genera were utilized by the local people for various purposes. Being herbs most of weeds were either medicinal (58 species) or fodder (23 species) or both medicinal and fodder (19 species). 15 species were used as green leafy vegetables or salad, 6 species were poisonous, 6 species were ornamental, 5 species were used both as medicines and as non woody hay fuel. The remaining species has got miscellaneous type of uses such as making brooms (2 species), washing (1species), rope and basket making (1 species), as pesticide (1 species) and as a source of perfume (1 species). The remedies use to treat various ailments were generally prepared through infusion, decoction and concoction and were used orally or applied externally to the skin. These remedies were used to cure a variety of health problems like respiratory diseases, gastro-intestinal disorders, skeleto-muscular pains, cutaneous problems and cardiovascular disorders etc. According to our data analysis out of 138 weeds, 98 plant species were those in which the whole plant body was utilizable, however the reaming species had got one are several parts to be used by local people. Though weeds, the so called unwanted plants in the crop field, plants have a survival value for man on this earth planet. Therefore proper conservative measures and strategies are required for the existence and persistence of these plants in the area.

VIEWS 36

Agarwal A. 2005. Current issues in quality control of natural products. Pharma Times 37, 9-11.

Ahmed HM. 2016. Ethnopharmacobotanical study on the medicinal plants used by herbalists in Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan, Iraq. J. Ethnobio. Ethnomed 12, 8. DOI 10.1186/s13002-016-0081-3, 1-17.

Ajaib M, Khan ZU, Khan NU and Wahab M. 2010. Ethnobotanical studies on useful shrubs of District Kotli, AJK, Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot 42(3),1407-1415.

Alagesaboopathi C. 2012. Ethnobotanical studies on useful plants of Sirumalai Hills of Eastern Ghats, Dindigul District of Tamilnadu, southern India. Int. J. Biosci 2(2), 77-84.

Ali H, Qaiser M. 2009. The ethnobotany of Chitral valley, Pakistan with particular reference to medicinal plants. Pak. J. Bot 41(4), 2009-2041.

Ali I and Qaiser M. 1995-2013. Flora of Pakistan. University of Karachi.

Anquez-Traxler C. 2011. The legal and regulatory framework of herbal medicinal products in the European Union: a focus on the traditional herbal medicines category. Drug Inf. J 45, 15-23.

Bodeker C, Bodeker G, Ong CK, Grundy CK, Burford G, Shein K. 2005. WHO Global Atlas of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.

Braun LA, Tiralongo E, Wilkinson JM, Spitzer O, Bailey M, Poole S. 2010. Perceptions, use and attitudes of pharmacy customers on complementary medicines and pharmacy practice. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 10:38 10.1186/1472-6882-10-38

Calapai G. 2008. European legislation on herbal medicines: A look into the future. Drug Saf 31428-431.

Census report of District Swabi, Islamabad, Pakistan. 1998. Population Census Organization, Statistical Division: Government of Pakistan.

Chinsembu KC. 2016. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal flora utilized by traditiona healers in the management of sexually transmitted infections in Sesheke District, Western Province, Zambia. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 26, 268-274.

Cunningham AB. 2001. Applied Ethnobotany people. Wild plant use and conservation. Earthscan Publ. Ltd., London U.K.

Gilani SS, Abase SQ, Shinaware ZK, Hussain F, Nargis K. 2003. Ethnobotanical studies of Kurram Agency Pakistan through rural community participation. Pak. J. Biol. Sci 6, 1369-1375.

Hamayun M. 2007. Traditional uses of some medicinal plants of Swat valley, Pakistan. Indian. J. trad. knowledge 6(4), 636-641.

Hameed M, Ashraf M, Alquriany F, Nawaz F, Ahmad MSA, Yunis A and Naz N. 2011. Medicinal plants f Cholistan Desert: A Review. Pak. J. Bot 43, 39-50.

Haq I. 2004. Safety of medicinal plants. Pak. J. Med. Res 43, 153-156.

Hong L, Zhiyong G, Kunhui H, Shanjun W, Bo L, Shaowu M and Chunlin L. 2015. Ethnobotanical plants used by Maonan people in China. J. Ethnobio. Ethnomed 19(2), 1-34.

Husain SZ, Malik RN, Javaid M, Bibi S. 2008. Ethnobotanical properties and uses of medicinal plants of Morgah biodiversity park, Rawalpindi. Pak. J. Bot. 40(5), 1897-1911.

Hussain W, Hussain J, Ali R, Khan I, Shinwari ZK and Nascimento IA. 2012. Tradable and Conervation Status of Medicinal Plants of Kurram Valley, Parachinar, Pakistan. J App Pharm Sci 2(10), 66-70.

Ilahi I. 2008. Ethnobotanical studies and problems associated with regeneration of herbals in Kohat Region. Pak. J. Bot. 40(4), 1743-1753.

Immannuel RR, and Elazabeth LL. 2009. Weeds in ecosystem: a source of medicines for human healthcare. Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Res 1, 375-385.

Iqbal H, Sher Z, Khan ZU. 2011. Medicinal plants from salt range Pind Dadan Khan, district Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan. J. Med. Plants Res 5(11), 2157-2168.

Jabeen A, Khan MA, Ahamed M, Zafar M, Ahamad F. 2009. Indigenous uses of economically important flora of Magallah Hills National Park. Afr.J.Bitechnol 8, 763-784.

Jakhar GS, Mahar AQ, Abro SA, Qureshi A. 2005. Weed communities of wheat crop under diverse Edaphography of Dstrict khairpur. Pak. J. Bot 37(3), 709-714.

Kankara SS, Irahim MH, Mustafa M and Go R. 2015. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used for traditional health care in Katsina state Nigeria. SA. J. Bot 97, 165-175.

Kavishankar GB, Lakshmidevi N and Murthy SM. 2011. Diabetes and medicinal plants – a review. Int. J. Pharm. Biomed. Sci 2, 65-80.

Khan MA, Khan MA, Hussain M and Mujtaba G. 2010. An ethnobotanical inventory of Himalayan Region Poonch Valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Ethnobot. Research and appl 8, 107-123.

Khan NU, Ahmed M, Ahmed A, Shaukat SS, Wahab M, Ajaib M, Siddiqui MF, Nasir M. 2011. Important Medicinal Plants of Chitral Gol National Park (CGNP) Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot 43(2), 797-809.

Kumar RP, Rajesh K, Yogender M, Dharmesh S and Karthiyagini T. 2010. Standardization and preliminary phytochemical investigation on Cyperus rotundus Linn. Rhizome. Int. J. Res. Ayurveda pharm 1, 536-542.

Marwat KB, Hussain Z, Gul B, Saeed M, Din S. 2008. Survey on weed problem in wheat crop in District Mardan. Pak. J. Weed. Sci. Res 12, 353-358.

Marwat SK, Khan MA, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Rehman FU, Usman K. 2012. Biodiversity of Grassy weeds and their ethnobotanical importance in D. I. Khan, KPK, Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot 44(2), 733-738.

Marwat SK, Khan MA, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Rehman FU. 2008. Ethnophytomedicines for treatment of various diseases in D. I. Khan District. Sarhad J. Agric 24(2), 305-315.

Mukherjee PW. 2002. Quality Control of Herbal Drugs: An Approach to Evaluation of Botanicals.New Delhi, India: Business Horizons Publishers.

Murad M, Ahmad A, Ishaq G, Khan MS, Khan AM, Ullah I, Azizullah and Khan I. 2012. Ethnobotanical studies on plant resources of hazar nao Forest, District Malakand, Pakistan. Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res 18(4), 509-527.

Natarajan D, Britto SJ, Srinivasan K, Nagamurugan N, Mohanasundari C, Perumal G. 2005. Anti-bacterial activity of euphorbia fusiformis- a rare medicinal herb. J. ethnopharmacol 102, 123-126.

Qureshi RA, Hussain W, Arshad M. 2009. Weed communities of wheat crop in District Toba Tek Singh, Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot 41(1), 239-245.

Qureshi RA, Waheed H, Arshad M. 2009. Weed communities of wheat crop in District Toba Tek Singh, Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot 41(1), 239-245.

Qurshi RA, Ahamad I, Ishtiaq M. 2006. Ethnobotanical and phytosociological studies of Tehsil Gujar Khan, District Rawalpindi. Asian. J. Pl. Sci 5(5), 890-893.

Rahman M. 2013. An ethnobotanical investigation on Asteraceae family at Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Acad. J. Med. Plants 1(5), 92-100.

Samy RP, Pushparaj PN, Gopalakrishnakone P. 2008. A compilation of bioactive compounds from Ayurveda. Bioinformation 3, 100-110.

Sher H, Midrarullah, Khan AU, Hussain F, Ahmad S. 2003. Medicinal Plants of Udhigram, District Swat, Pakistan. Pak. J. For 53(1), 65-74.

Sher Z, Hussain F, Ibrar M. 2014. Traditional knowledge on plant resources of Ashezai and Salarzai Valleys, District Buner, Pakistan. African. J. Pl. Sci 8(1), 42-53.

Sher Z, Khan ZU, Hussain F. 2011. Ethnobotanical studies of some plants of Chagharzai Valley, District Buner, Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot 43(3), 1445-1452.

Verma S, Singh SP. 2008. Current and future status of herbal medicines. Vet. World 1, 347-350.

Vinothkumar D, Murugavelh S, Prabavathy AK. 2011. Phytosociological and ethnobotanical studies of Sacred Groves in Pudukottai District, Tamil Nadu, India. Asian. J. Exp. Biol. Sci 2(2), 306-315.