Solid state fermentation of Lathyrus sativus and sugarcane bagasse by Pleurotus sajor-caju
Paper Details
Solid state fermentation of Lathyrus sativus and sugarcane bagasse by Pleurotus sajor-caju
Abstract
Lathyrus sativus (Khesari plant) and sugarcane bagasse are considered as agro wastes. Khesari plants are generally grown in fields as weeds and they have to be removed prior to cultivation. Taking this view in mind, we have investigated the conversion of these lignocellulosic agro-waste as an enriched feed stock for cattle via by solid state fermentation using a cellulolytic fungus, Pleurotus sajor-caju. The strain required 8 weeks to complete the fermentation on both the untreated and treated (with alkali, lime and presoaked) substrates at 30°C. Higher amounts of reducing sugar and soluble protein were found in each of the lime treated substrates than untreated substrates. Results also indicated that presoaked substrate contain higher amounts of reducing sugar and soluble protein than unsoaked substrate. Among the substrates, mixed substrate (khesari plant + sugarcane bagasse) was found to accumulate higher amount of sugar, 22.15 mg/g and protein, 22.80 mg/g than those of khesari plant in the 5th week of fermentation. The treatments that augmented the level of sugar and protein were also found to enhance the cellobiase, carboxy methyl cellulase and avicelase activity of crude culture extracts. These results suggest that lime treatment and presoaking seem to increase the digestibility of the substrates by the fungal cellulolytic enzymes. During eight weeks of fermentation, relatively higher cellobiase activity was found as compared to that of carboxymethylcellulase and avicelase at 30oC for the fungul strain. The results of the present study clearly indicate that fungal conversion with pretreatment transform these lignocellulosic agro-wastes to a nutritionally enriched animal feed.
Ahmed FM, Rahman SR, Gomes DJ. 2012. Saccharification of Sugarcane Bagasse by Enzymatic Treatment for bioethanol production. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 8, 97-103.
Awang MR, Husin WBW, Osman T, Mahmud MS, Zainal N. 1994. Evaluation palm empty fruit bunch and its fermented products as for ruminant animal by nutritional values characterization and in-vitro dry matter digestibility. Proceedings of the Seminar at Malaysian Institute for Nuclear Technology. 7-9 Nov.
Baig MMV, Baig MLB, Baig MIA, Majeda Yasmeen, September. 2004. Saccharification of banana agro-waste by cellulolytic enzymes. African Journal of Biotechnology 3(9), 447-450 p.
Choudhury N, Dunn NW, Gray PP. 1980. Reducing sugar accumulation from alkali pretreated sugarcane bagasse using Cellulomonas. European Journal of Applied Microbiology. and Biotechnology. 11:50-54.
Gray PP, Hendy NA, Dunn NW. 1978. Digestion by cellulite enzymes of alkali pretreated bagasse. Journal of Australian Institution of Agricultural Science 8, 310-212.
Hossain S, Khalil MI, Alam MK, Khan MA, Alam N. 2009. Upgrading of Animal Feed by Solid State Fermentation by Pleurotus sajor-caju. European Journal of Applied Sciences 1(4), 53-58.
Hsing HJ, Wang FK, Chiang PC, Yang WF. 2004. Hazardous wastes transboundary movement management: a case study in Taiwan. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 40(4), 329-342.
Hu J, Lu W, Wang C, Zhu R, Qiao J. 2008. Characteristics of solid-state fermented feed and its effects on performance and nutrient digestibility in growing-finishing pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science 21, 1635-1641.
Lee J. 1997. Biological conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol. Journal of Biotechnology 56, 1– 24.
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. 1951. Protein measurementwith the Folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265-275.
Mandels M, Sternberg D. 1976. Recent advances in cellulase technology. Journal of Fermention Technology 54, 267-286.
Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalisylic acid for determination of reducing sugar. Annual Biochemistry 31, 426-428.
Mukhopadhyey S, Nandi B. 1999. Optimization of cellulose production by <I>Trichoderma reesei</I> ATTCC 26921 using a simplified medium on water hyacinth biomass. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 58, 107-111.
Naraian R, Singh D, Verma A, Garg SK . 2010. Studies on in vitro degradability of mixed crude enzyme extracts produced from Pleurotus spp. Journal of Environmental Biology 31(6), 945-951.
Qiu L, Zhao M, Li F, Qi W, Zhang W, Yue X, Cui J. 2003. Changes in biological activity during artificial fermentation of flue-cured tobacco. Tob Sci 46, 24-27.
Reddy GV, Babu PR, Komaraiah P, Roy KRRM, Kothari IL. 2003. Utilization of banana waste for the production of lignolytic and cellulolytic enzymes by solid substrate fermentation using two Pleurotus species (P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju). Process Biochemistry 38, 1457-1462.
Reid ID, Seifert KA. 1982. Effect of an atmosphere of oxygen on growth respiration and lignin degradation by white rot fungi. Canadian Journal of Botany 60, 252-260.
Rani SR, Sukumaran RK, Pillai A, Prema P, Szakacs G, Pandey A. 2006. Solid state fermentation of lignocellulosic substrates for cellulase production by Trichoderma reese NRRL 11460. Indian Journal of Biotechnology 5, 332–336.
Rodhe AV, Sateesh L, Sridevi J, Venkateswarlu B, Rao LV. 2011. Enzymatic hydrolysis of sorghum straw using native cellulose produced by T. reesei NCIM 992 under solid state fermentation using rice straw. 3 Biotech 1, 207–215.
Silva R, Lago ES, Merheb CW, Macchione MM, Park YK, Gomes E. 2005. Production of xylanase and cmcase on solid state fermentation in different residues by Thermoascus aurantiacus miehe. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 36, 235-241.
Tengerdy RP, Szakacs G. 2003. Bioconversion of lignocellulose in solid substrate fermentation. Biochemal Engineering Journal 13, 169–179.
Tripathi MK, Mishra AS, Misra AK, Vaithiyanathan S, Prasad R, Jakhmola RC. 2008. Selection of white-rot basidiomycetes for bioconversion of mustard (Brassica compestris) straw under solid-state fermentation into energy substrate for rumen micro-organism. Letter in Applied Microbiology 46, 364–370.
Umasaravanan D, Jayapriya J, Rajendran RB. 2011. Comparison of lignocellulose biodegradation in solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse and rice straw by Aspergillus tamari. Ceylon Journal of Science (Biological Science) 40(1), 65-68.
Valchev I, Nenkova S, Tsekova PP, Lasheva V. 2009. Use of enzymes in hydrolysis of maize stalks. Bioresources 4, 285–291.
Varga E, Szengyel Z, Reczey K. 2002. Chemical pretreatment of corn stover for enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis. Appled Biochemistry and Biotechnology 98, 73–87.
Zhu L. 2005. Fundamental study of structural features affecting enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Electronic Thesis, A&M University, Texas.
Md. Rezaul Karim, Zinat Mahal, Safia Iqbal, Harun or Rashid, M. Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal, Md. Azizul Islam, Md. Mafizur Rahman (2014), Solid state fermentation of Lathyrus sativus and sugarcane bagasse by Pleurotus sajor-caju; IJAAR, V5, N2, August, P1-10
https://innspub.net/solid-state-fermentation-of-lathyrus-sativus-and-sugarcane-bagasse-by-pleurotus-sajor-caju-2/
Copyright © 2014
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0