Grain yield potential and stability of some open-pollinated varieties, exotic hybrids and promising single crosses of maize (Zea mays L.) in Central Sudan
Paper Details
Grain yield potential and stability of some open-pollinated varieties, exotic hybrids and promising single crosses of maize (Zea mays L.) in Central Sudan
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) in the Sudan is a promising cereal crop with the potential usefulness for both human beings and livestock. In this study, 13 maize genotypes were evaluated over two consecutive seasons (2013 and 2014) at three locations, viz. Gezira, Rahad and Elsuki research stations farms of the Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), under irrigation. The objectives were to evaluate these genotypes for grain yield potential and stability and henceforth identifying the highest yielding and stable genotypes for the different environments. A wide range of genetic variability was observed among the genotypes for most of the studied traits. The significant environment, genotype and genotype x environment (GE) component of interaction indicated wide differences among the environments and differential genotypic behavior to the test environments. Moreover, the three open pollinated genotypes HSD-5158, PR-89B-5655 and S99TLWQHG”AB, in addition to the exotic hybrids JKH 56 and PAC 745 were not significantly different in grain yield among themselves, but showed the highest grain yield, 2048, 1838, 2040, 1819 and 1858kg/ha, respectively, when compared to the rest of the genotypes. They out-yielded than the local check, Hudeiba-2 (1728kg/ha) by 18.5%, 6.4% 18.0%, 5.0% and 8.0%, respectively. The regression coefficients of the five genotypes were 0.591, 1.346, 1.136, 1.227 and 1.158. The results also indicated that, HSD-5158 and S99TLWQHG”AB showed taller plants (150 and 174cm) and they were late maturing compared to the rest of the genotypes. The results on the other hand, showed that, AMMI and pattern analysis have higher efficiency in partitioning and analyzing stability studies compared to regression analysis. PCA1and PCA2 in AMMI accounted for 55.8% and 20.3% and together they accounted for 76.1% of the GE sum of squares. This study concluded that, the five genotypes, HSD-5158, PR-89B-5655, S99TLWQHG”AB, JKH 56 and PAC 745 showed grain yield superiority and stability under the test environments. They could be grown successfully in the irrigated central clay plains of the Sudan. It is suggested to grow these genotypes under rain-fed conditions in southern Gadaref and the Blue Nile State for more than two seasons to test them for yield potential and stability.
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Suliman H Suliman, Abdel Rahman A Mohammed, Abu Elhassan S Ibrahim (2018), Grain yield potential and stability of some open-pollinated varieties, exotic hybrids and promising single crosses of maize (Zea mays L.) in Central Sudan; IJAAR, V13, N5, November, P62-70
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