Evaluation of the biochemical and phytochemical components of green seaweed Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) in Initao, Misamis oriental, Mindanao, Philippines

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/10/2016
Views (502) Download (18)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Evaluation of the biochemical and phytochemical components of green seaweed Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) in Initao, Misamis oriental, Mindanao, Philippines

Hansen Rose S. Escobido, Maria Luisa S. Orbita, Ronaldo R. Orbita
Int. J. Biosci.9( 4), 114-122, October 2016.
Certificate: IJB 2016 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

The green seaweed Enteromorpha intestinalis that occurred along the coast of Iligan Bay was analyzed for biochemical and phytochemical components. Powdered samples of E. intestinalis were analyzed for carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and moisture content. Likewise, the presence of reducing sugar, tannins, phenols, saponins, anthraquinones, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids and alkaloids were determined using the standard methods. The amount of carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and moisture content was in considerable quantities and within the values specified for seaweeds. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, steroids and terpenoids as well as alkaloids. This study further suggested that E. intestinalis possesses both nutritional and pharmaceutical potential.

VIEWS 22

Abo KA, Ogunleye VO, Ashidi JS. 1999. Antimicrobial potential of Spondias mombin, Croton zambesicus and Zygotritonia crocea. Phytotherapy Research 13(6), 494-497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199909)13:6<494::AID-PTR490>3.0.CO;2-9

Aguilera-Morales M, Casas-Valdez M, Carrillo-Domìnguez S, González-Acosta B, Perez-Gil F. 2005. Chemical composition and microbiological assays of marine algae Enteromorpha spp. as a potential food source. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 18, 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2003.12.012

Alghazeer R, Whida F, Abduelrhman E, Gammoudi F, Azwai S. 2013. Screening of antibacterial activity in marine green, red and brown macroalgae from the western coast of Libya. Natural Science 5(1), 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ns.2013.51002

AOAC. 2010. Official methods of analysis of AOAC international (18th ed, 2005, Revision 4). Gaithersburg, MD: USA.

Arasaki S, Arasaki T. 1983. Vegetables from the sea. Tokyo: Japan Publications Incorporated.

Banerjee SK, Maulik SK. 2002. Effect of garlic on cardiovascular disorders: a review. Nutrition Journal 1(1), 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-1-4

Barbosa-Filho J, da-Cunha EVL, Gray AI. 2000a, 2000b. Alkaloids of the Menispermaceae. In: The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology. Academic Press 54, 1-190.

Chakkaravarthy VM, Kumar V. 2009. HPTLC Fingerprint analysis of steroid, flavonoid and antiradical activity in Sargassum wightii for Gulf of Mannar. Food Chemistry, 124, 1147-1732.

Chakraborty S, Santra SC. 2008. Biochemical composition of eight benthic algae collected from Sunderban. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 37, (3), 329-332.

Chapman VJ, Chapman DJ. 1980. Sea vegetables (algae as food for man). In: Seaweeds and their Uses. Springer Netherlands, 62-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5806-7_3

Cody V, Middleton E, Harbone JB, Beretze A.  1988. Plant flavonoids. In: Biology and medicine II: Biochemical, cellular and medicinal properties. Alan Liss Incorporated, New York, 320.

Conserva LM, Pereira CAB, Barbosa-Filho  JM. 2005. Alkaloids of the Hernandiaceae: Occurrence and a compilation of their biological activities. The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology 62, 175-243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1099-4831(05)62003-2

Cowan MM. 1999. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 12(4), 564-582.

Cunha EVL, Barbosa-Filho JM. 2009. Alcalóides derivados do núcleo isoquinolínico. Química de Produtos Naturais novos Fármacos ea Moderna Farmacognosia, 279-319.

Dawczynski C, Schubert R, Jahreis G. 2007. Amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fibre in edible seaweed products. Food Chemistry 103(3), 891–899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.09.041

De Sousa Falcão H, Leite JA, Barbosa-Filho JM, de Athayde-Filho PF, de Oliveira Chaves MC, Moura MD, Batista LM. 2008. Gastric and duodenal antiulcer activity of alkaloids: a review. Molecules 13(12), 3198-3223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules13123198

Dharmananda S. 2002. The nutritional and medicinal value of seaweeds used in Chinese medicine. Institute for Traditional Medicine. http://www.itmonline.org/arts/seaweed.htm

Doughari JH, Human IS, Bennade S, Ndakidemi PA. 2009. Phytochemicals as chemotherapeutic agents and antioxidants: possible solution to the control of antibiotic resistant verocytotoxin producing bacteria. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 3(11), 839-848.

Eisenreich W, Rohdich F, Bacher A. 2001.  Deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway to terpenoids. Trends in Plant Science 6(2), 78-84.

Elmegeed DFA, Ghareeb DA, Elsayed M, El-Saadani M. 2014. Phytochemical constituents and bioscreening activities of green algae (Ulva lactuca). International Journal of Agricultural Policy and Research 2(11), 373-378. http://dx.doi.org/10.15739/IJAPR.009

Fleurence J. 1999. Seaweed proteins: biochemical nutritional aspects and potential uses. Trends in Food Science and Technology 10, 25–28.

Francis G, Kerem Z, Makkar HP, Becker K. 2002. The biological action of saponins in animal systems: a review. British Journal of Nutrition 88 (6), 587-605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/BJN2002725

Guevara BQ. 2005. A guidebook to plant screening: Phytochemical and biological. University of Santo Tomas Publishing House.

Haroon AM. 2000. The biochemical composition of Enteromorpha spp. from the gulf of Gdańsk coast in the southern Baltic sea. Oceanologia, 42 (1), 19-28.

Hoppe HA. 1966. Nahrungsmittel aus Meeresalgen. Botanica Marina, 9, 18–40.

HSDB. 2010. Anthraquinone. Hazardous substances data base.

Indergaard M, Minsaas J. 1991. Animal and human nutrition. In: Guiry, M.D. & Blunden, G. (Ed.) Seaweed Resources in Europe: Uses and Potential. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 21-64.

Kasimala MB, Mebrahtu L, Magoha PP, Asgedom G. 2015. A review on biochemical composition and nutritional aspects of seaweeds. Caribbean Journal of Science and Technology 3, 789-797.

Kolodziej H, Kiderlen AF. 2005. Antileishmanial activity and immune modulatory effects of tannins and related compounds on Leishmania parasitised RAW 264.7 cells. Phytochemistry 66, 2056-2071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.01.011

Kumar KS, Ganesan K, Rao PS. 2008. Antioxidant potential of solvent extracts of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty – An edible seaweed. Food Chemistry 107(1), 289-295.

Kumbhar R, Rode S, Sabale A. 2014. Phycochemical screening of seaweeds from Sindhudurg District of Maharashtra. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research 29(1), 77-81.

Levring T, Hoppe HA, Schmid OJ. 1969. Marine algae: a survey of research and utilization  1, Cram de Gruyter and Company. Hamburg, 1 – 421.

Liu RH. 2004. Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: mechanism of action. The Journal of Nutrition 134(12), 3479-3485.

Manimala K, Rengasamy R. 1993. Effect of bioactive compounds of seaweeds on the phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae. Journal of the Phycological Society 32, 77–83.

Manivannan K, Thirumaran G, Karthikai Devi G, Hemalatha A,  Anantharaman P. 2008. Biochemical composition of seaweeds from Mandapam coastal regions along southeast coast of India. American-Eurasian Journal of Botany 1(2), 32-37.

Marsham S, Scott GW, Tobin ML. 2007. Comparison of nutritive chemistry of a range of temperate seaweeds. Food Chemistry 100(4), 1331–1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.11.029

Martin VJ, Pitera DJ, Withers ST, Newman JD, Keasling JD. 2003. Engineering a mevalonate pathway in Escherichia coli for production of terpenoids. Nature Biotechnology 21(7), 796-802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt833

Nair R, Vaghasiya Y, Chanda S. 2009. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of some marine algae of western coast of Gujarat. Plant Archives 9 (1), 173-174.

Nisizawa K, Noda H, Kikuchi R, Watanabe T. 1987. The main seaweed foods in Japan. Proceedings of International Seaweed Symposium 12, 5-29.

Nobori T, Miurak K, Wu DJ, Takabayashik LA, Carson DA. 1994. Deletion of the cyclin-dependent kinase-4 inhibitor gene in multiple human cancers. Nature 368(6473), 753-756.

Norziah MH, Ching CY. 2000. Nutritional composition of edible seaweed Gracilaria changgi. Food Chemistry 68(1), 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S03088146(99)00161-2

Nweze EL, Okafor JL, Njoku O. 2004. Antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of Trume guineesis (Schumm and Thorn) and Morinda lucinda used in Nigerian herbal medicinal practice. Bio-Research 2(1), 34-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/br.v2i1.28540

Okwu DE. 2001. Evaluation of the chemical composition of indigenous spices and flavouring agents. Global Journal of Pure Applied Sciences 7 (3), 455-459. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v7i3.16293

Okwu DE, Okwu ME. 2004. Chemical composition of Spondias mombin Linn plant parts. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment 6(2), 140-147.

Omulokoli E, Khan B, Chhabra SC. 1997. Antiplasmodial activity of four Kenyan medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 56, 133–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(97)01521-3

Ortiz J, Romero N, Robert P, Araya J, Lopez- Hernández J, Bozzo C, Navarrete E, Osorio A, Rios A. 2006. Dietary fiber, amino acid, fatty acid and tocopherol contents of the edible seaweeds Ulva lactuca and Durvillaea antarctica. Food Chemistry, 99, 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.07.027

Pádua MD, Fontoura PSG, Mathias AL. 2004. Chemical composition of Ulvaria oxysperma (Kützing) bliding, Ulva lactuca (Linnaeus) and Ulva fascita (Delile). Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 47(1), 49-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S151689132004000100007

Pal A, Kamthania MC, Kumar A. 2014. Bioactive compounds and properties of seaweeds – a review. Open Access Library Journal 1, e752, 1-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1100752

Parekh J, Chanda S. 2008. Phytochemicals screening of some plants from western region of India. Plant Archives 8, 657-662.

Parthiban C, Saranya C, Girija K, Hemalatha A, Suresh M,  Anantharaman P. 2013. Biochemical composition of some selected seaweeds from Tuticorin coast. Advances in Applied Science Research 4(3), 362-366.

Rupérez P. 2002. Mineral content of edible marine seaweeds. Food Chemistry 79, 23-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00171-1

Saranya C, Girija K, Parthiban C, Hemalatha A, Anantaraman P. 2013. The experiment. International Journal of Science and Technology, 9 (1), 522–525.

Sauze F. 1981. Chemical and energetic potential of aquatic biomass. Technologie Eau et de l’ Assainissement 413, 7–23.

Schnitzler I, Pohnert G, Hay M, Boland W. 2001. Chemical defense of brown algae (Dictyopteris spp.) against the herbivorous amphipod Ampithoe longimana. Oecologia 126(4), 515-521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420000546

Seenivasan R, Rekha M, Indu H, Geetha  S. 2012. Antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis of selected seaweeds from Mandapan coast, India. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2, 159-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2012.21030

Shankhadarwar SD. 2015. Phytochemical screening of marine algae Ulva lactuca (Linn.) and Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linn.). Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceuticals Research 7(12), 419-423.

Srivastava N, Saurav K, Mohanasrinivasan V, Kannabiran K, Singh M. 2010. Antibacterial potential of macroalgae collected from the Madappam Coast, India.  British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 1(2), 72-76.

Stray F. 1998. The natural guide to medicinal herbs and plants. Tiger Books International, London.

Tamura T. 1970. Marine aquaculture. Natural Science Foundation, Washington, DC.

Thinakaran T, Sivakumar K. 2012. Seasonal variation and biochemical studies on certain seaweeds from Pamban coast, Gulf of Mannar biosphere reserve. International Journal of Research in Biological Sciences 2, 39-44.

Tresina PS, Mohan VR. 2014. Preliminary phytochemical, FT-IR and antibacterial assessment of leaf of Eugenia singampattiana Bedd (Myrtaceae). International Journal of Advanced Research, 2, 780-787.

USDA. 2001. Agricultural Research Service. Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 14.

Vanegas CH, Bartlett J. 2013. Green energy from marine algae: biogas production and composition from the anaerobic digestion of Irish seaweed species. Environmental Technology 34(15), 2277-2283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2013.765922

Velasquez GT. 1972. Studies and utilization of the Philippine marine algae. Proceedings of the 7th International Seaweed Symposium, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, 62–65.

Wong KH, Cheung PC. 2001. Nutritional evaluation of some subtropical red and green seaweeds Part II. In vitro protein digestibility and amino acid profiles of protein concentrates. Food Chemistry 72(1), 11-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00176-X

Xu R, Zhao W, Xu J, Shao B, Qin G. 1996. Studies on bioactive saponins from Chinese medicinal plants. Advances in Experimental Medicine & Biology 404, 371-382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1367-8_30