Vitamin A deficiency in human immunodeficiency virus Type-1 infected and un-infected pregnant women in KPK, Pakistan
Paper Details
Vitamin A deficiency in human immunodeficiency virus Type-1 infected and un-infected pregnant women in KPK, Pakistan
Abstract
Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a major public health problem in developing countries and a large number of pregnant women, especially in low-income communities, are more susceptible to VAD. This study aimed to report the baseline levels of Vitamin A in pregnant women with and without HIV-1 infection and to ascertain the association of CD4 + count and viral load with vitamin A deficiency. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which HIV-1 infected and uninfected pregnant women were recruited. 24hr Dietary recall data were obtained using Windiest software. CD4 T cell counts in HIV-1+ patients were measured using a Pima Analyzer. Serum Vitamin A levels were performed using Enzyme Linked immune-sorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.05± 5.98. The mean Vitamin A levels were 92.41±57.32, and the mean CD4+ count was 631.78±271.29. In the case and control groups, vitamin A levels showed a statistically significant difference (p =0.003). No significant correlation was observed among the VAD, viral load (P=0.79), and CD4+ count (P=0.84). Conclusion: This study concluded that HIV-1-positive pregnant women often suffer from vitamin A insufficiency, and supplementation with vitamin A and other micronutrients is crucial for improving their health outcomes.
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Saadia Roedar, Rubina Nazli, Jamila Haider, Falak Niaz, Sheraz Fazid, Nasheela kausar, Maryam Imran, Aziz Ur Rehman (2023), Vitamin A deficiency in human immunodeficiency virus Type-1 infected and un-infected pregnant women in KPK, Pakistan; IJBB, V17, N1, August, P1-7
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