A critical study on genus Ocimum of Dibrugarh District of Assam
Paper Details
A critical study on genus Ocimum of Dibrugarh District of Assam
Abstract
The genus Ocimum belonging to family Lamiaceae with more than 160 species and is distributed mainly in Africa, Asia and America. The present study aims to characterize the morphological and anatomical traits of five species of Ocimum namely O. sanctum L. (purple variety), O. basilicum L., O. gratissimum L., O. americanum L., and O. sanctum L. (green variety) collected from the district. Variation of stomatal index and density were seen among all the species. O. sanctum L. is believed to be sacred or holy plant and has been widely used to treat fever, common cold, flu, and other respiratory disease. The stomatal index ranged from 41.8% to 37.5% in O. sanctum L. (purple variety) and O. gratissimum L. on the abaxial surface while on the adaxial surface the highest stomatal index ranged from 40.5% in O. sanctum L. (purple variety) to 31.8% in O. gratissimum L. The highest stomatal density (96.7mm2) was found in O. sanctum L. (green variety) and lowest stomatal density (71.2mm2) was found in both O. basilicum L. and O. americanum L. on the abaxial surface while on the adaxial surface it ranges from 76.3mm2 in O. sanctum L. (purple variety) to 31.8mm2 in O. gratissimum L.. By taking 44 morphological traits and 5 OTU a dendrogram was constructed using an analysis software SPSS 26.0 version which shows O. sanctum L. (purple variety) and O. basilicum L. having more similarity and has the lowest morphological variation distance 23. O. sanctum L. (green variety) has significant differences from all the other species with a square Euclidean distance of 66.
Abdulrahaman AA, Oladele FA. 2005. Stomata, trichomes and epidermal cells as diagnostic features in six species of genus Ocimum (Lamiaceae). Nigerian Journal of Botany 18, 214-223.
Chowdhury T, Mandal A, Roy SC, De Sarker D. 2017. Diversity of the genus Ocimum (Lamiaceae) through morpho-molecular (RAPD) and chemical (GC-MS) analysis. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 15(1), 275-286.
Chutia R, Borah BK, Modi MK, Sarmah BK. 2016. Population Polymorphism Study among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes in Assam, India using Morphological and Biochemical Parameters. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology 2(1), 32-44.
Deshmukh AS, Deshmukh GB, Shirole PD. 2015. Ocimum Sanctum: A Medicinal Gift from Nature. International Journal of Pharmacognosy 2(12), 550-559.
Hanumanthaiah P, Panari H, Chebte A, Haile A, Belachew G. 2020. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum)- A myriad medicinal plant, secrets behind the innumerable benefits. Arabian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 6(1), 105-127. https://dibrugarh.gov.in/portlets/dibrugarh-at-a-glance
Kalita J, Latif Khan M. 2013. Commercial potentialities of essential oil of Ocimum members growing in North East India. International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences 4(4).
Naghibi F, Mosaddegh M, Motamed SM, Ghorbani A. 2022. Labiatae family in folk medicine in Iran: From ethnobotany to pharmacology. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 4(2), 63-79.
Nahak G, Mishra RC, Sahu RK. 2011. Taxonomic distribution, medicinal properties and drug development potentiality of Ocimum (Tulsi). Drug Invention Today 3(6).
Parida S, Mohapatra BK, Mahalik G. 2020. Anatomical Study of Six Ocimum Species: The Valuable Method Used in Indian Systems of Medicines (ISM). International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 11(2), 278-283.
Pattanayak P, Behera P, Das D, Panda SK. 2010. Ocimum sanctum Linn. A reservoir plant for therapeutic applications: An overview. Pharmacognosy Reviews 4(7), 95.
Paul V, Sharma L, Pandey R, Meena RC. 2017. Measurements of stomatal density and stomatal index on leaf/plant surfaces. Manual of ICAR Sponsored Training Programme for Technical Staff of ICAR Institutes on—Physiological Techniques to Analyze the Impact of Climate Change on Crop Plants 27.
Rawat R, Tiwari V, Negi KS. 2016. A comparative study of morphological and anatomical structures of four Ocimum species in Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 6(6), 1-6.
Sanoj E, Deepa P. 2021. Micromorphological variations of trichomes in the genus Ocimum. Plant Science Today 8(3), 429-436.
Upadhyay RK. 2017. Tulsi: A holy plant with high medicinal and therapeutic value. International Journal of Green Pharmacy IJGP 11(01).
Zahran EM, Abdelmohsen UR, Khalil HE, Desoukey SY, Fouad MA, Kamel MS. 2020. Diversity, phytochemical and medicinal potential of the genus Ocimum (Lamiaceae). Phytochemistry Reviews 19(4), 907-953.
Lipika Deka, Ashish Kar, Prasenjit Bhagawati, 2023. A critical study on genus Ocimum of Dibrugarh District of Assam. Int. J. Biosci., 22(2), 248-259.
Copyright © 2023 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.