Antibacterial activity of 50 medicinal plants used in folk medicine
Paper Details
Antibacterial activity of 50 medicinal plants used in folk medicine
Abstract
Emergence of bacterial resistance is critically an alarming situation in the health care industry. The bacterial resistance getting more serious and effort of developing new drugs initiated. Researchers from different part of the world extensively involved in the research. One of the method they employed is using the medicinal plants. These medicinal plants were used in the folk medicine to treat the illness. In previous time, the medicinal plants were just employed as a treatment without knowing the active compound/s which responsible to cure the disease. Most of the research done were based on the belief in traditional medicine and after the research done many researchers had concluded that the practice in the earlier time using the medicinal plants were right and having activities to overcome certain illness example involving bacterial illness. Some researchers proved that usage of medicinal plants in earliest time revealing negative results. In this review, all 50 medicinal plants were used in folk medicine and the modern research proved that the plants were having antibacterial property as claimed by in earliest time. Further research using the medicinal plants are needed to overcome the emergence of the bacterial resistance. To date synergistic study are very limited and it should be conducted so that any synergistic activities may reverse the bacterial resistance.
Adeshina GO, Jibo S, Agu VE, Ehinmidu JO. 2011. Antibacterial activity of fresh juices of Allium cepa and Zingiber officinale against multidrug resistant bacteria. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences 2 (2), 289-295
Adamez JD, Samino EG, Sanchez EV, Gomez DG. 2012. In vitro estimation of the antibacterial activity and antioxidant capacity of aqueous extracts from grape-seeds (Vitis vinifera L.). Food Control 4 (1–2), 136–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.09.016
Ahmed S, Amin MN, Anjum A, Haque ME. 2002. In vitro antibacterial activity of Rauvolfia serpentine and its tissue culture. Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine 6, 45-49.
Alam KD, Ali MS, Parvin S, Mahjabeen S, Akbar MA, Ahamed R. 2009. In vitro antimicrobial activities of different fractions of Swertia chirata ethanolic extract. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 12 (19), 1334-1337.
Ali MA, Alam NM, Yeasmin MS, Khan AM, Sayeed MA. 2007. Antimicrobial Screening of Different Extracts of Piper longum Linn. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences 3 (6), 852-857.
Alemdar S, Agaoglu S, 2009. Investigation of In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Aloe vera Juice. Journal of animal and veterinary advances 8 (1), 99-102.
Al-Bayati FA, Al-Mola HF. 2008. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of different parts of Tribulus terrestris L. growing in Iraq. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B 9 (2), 154–159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0720251
Alo M, Eze UG , Anyim C. 2012. In vitro Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Magnifera indica, Carica papaya and Psidium guajava Leaves on Salmonella typhi Isolates. World Journal of Public Health Sciences 1 (1). 1-6.
Akinjogunla OJ, Eghafona NO, Enabulele IO, Mboto CI, Ogbemudia FO. 2010. Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus amarus against extended spectrum – lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolated from stool samples of HIV sero positive patients with or without diarrhea. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 4 (6), 402-407.
Aneja KR, Joshi R, Sharma C. 2010. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Emblica officinalis Against Dental Caries Pathogens. Ethnobotanical Leaflets 14, 402-412.
Anibijuwon II, Udeze OA. 2009. Antimicrobial Activity of Carica Papaya (Pawpaw Leaf) on Some Pathogenic Organisms of Clinical Origin from South-Western Nigeria. Ethnobotanical Leaflets 13, 850-64.
Aromdee C, Sriubolmas N. Essential oil of the flowers of Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae). Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology (1), 115-119
Awal MA, Ahsan SM, Haque E, Asghor QH, Ahmed M. 2010. In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Leaf and Root Extract of Cassia Fistula. Dinajpur Medical College Journal 3 (1), 10-13.
Auta KI, Galadima AA, Bassey JU, Olowoniyi OD, Moses OO, Yako AB. 2011. Antimicrobial properties of the ethanolic extracts of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas areuginosa. Annals of Biological Research 2 (3), 307-311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjbsci.2011.37.39
Bakkiyaraj S and Pandiyaraj S. 2011. Evaluation of potential antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against common food borne pathogenic microorganism. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences 2 (2), 484-491.
Boniface Y, Philippe S, Lima HRD, Pierre NJ, Alain AG, Fatiou T, Dominique S. 2012. Chemical composition and Antimicrobial activities of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume dry Leaves essential oil against Food-borne Pathogens and Adulterated Microorganisms. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences 1 (6), 18-25.
Banu HR, Nagarajan N. 2011. Antibacterial potential of Glory lily, Gloriosa superba Linn. International research journal of pharmacy 2 (3), 139-142.
Barad R, Atodariya U, Bhatt S, Patel H, Upadhyay S, Upadhyay U. 2013. Antibacterial and preliminary cytotoxic activity of the roots of Vetiveria zizanioides. International Journal of Pharmacy Review & Research 3 (1), 23-25.
Baskaran X. 2008. Preliminary Phytochemical Studies and Antibacterial Activity of Ocimum sanctum L. Ethnobotanical Leaflets 12, 1236-39.
Bupesh G, Amutha C, Nandagopal S, Ganeshkumar A, Sureshkumar P, Murali KS. 2007. Antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita L. (peppermint) from leaf extracts – a medicinal plant. Acta agriculturae Slovenica 89, 73-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10014-007-0009-7
Cantore LP, Iacobellis NS, Marco DA, Capasso F, Senatore F. 2004. Antibacterial activity of Coriandrum sativum L. and Foeniculum vulgare Miller Var. vulgare (Miller) essential oils. Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry 52 (26), 7862-7866.
Cao XZ, You JM , Li SX , Zhang YL. 2012. Antimicrobial Activity of the Extracts from Coriandrum sativum, International Journal of Food Nutrition and Safety 1 (2), 54-59.
Chitravadivu C, Manian S, Kalaichelvi K. 2009. Antimicrobial Studies on Selected Medicinal Plants, Erode Region, Tamilnadu, India. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 4 (3), 147-152.
Dalal S, Kataria SK, Sastry KV, Rana SVS. 2010. Phytochemical Screening of Methanolic Extract and Antibacterial Activity of Active Principles of Hepatoprotective Herb, Eclipta alba. Ethnobotanical Leaflets 14, 248-258.
Deresse D. 2010. Antibacterial Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro Study. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2), 62-65.
Devi MS, Thenmozhi M. 2011. Antibacterial Activity of Plumbago zeylanica leaf extracts. International Journal of Research in Biomedicine and Biotechnology 1 (1), 1-4.
Devi K, Devi GK, Thirumaran G, Arumugam R, Anantharaman P. 2009. Antibacterial Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants from Parangipettai Coastal Regions; Southeast Coast of India. World Applied Sciences Journal 7 (9), 1212-1215.
Devi AS, Ganjewala D. 2009. Antimicrobial activity of Acorus calamus (L.) rhizome and leaf extract. Acta Biologica Szegediensis 53 (1), 45-49.
Dhandapani R, Lakshmi D, Balakrishnan V, Jayakumar S, Kumar A. 2007. Preliminary phytochemical investigation and antibacterial activity of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thorn. Ancient Science of Life 27(1), 1–5.
Dhiman A, Nanda A, Ahmad S, Narasimhan B. 2011. In vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic leaf extract of Psidium guajava L. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Science 3(2), 226–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.80776
Duazo NO, Bautista JR, Teves FG. 2012. Crude methanolic extract activity from rinds and seeds of native durian (Durio zibethinus) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. African Journal of Microbiology Research 6 (35), 6483-6486. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/AJMR12.1180
Efstratiou E, Hussain AI, Nigam PS, Moore JE, Ayub MA, Rao JR. 2012. Antimicrobial activity of Calendula officinalis petal extracts against fungi, as well as Gram-negative and Gram-positive clinical pathogens. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 18 (3), 173-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2012.02.003
Esimone CO, Attama AA, Mundi KS, Ibekwe NW, Chah KF. 2011. Antimicrobial activity of Psidium guajava Linn. stem extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. African Journal of Biotechnology 11(89), 15556-15559.
Gayathri M, Kannabiran K. Antimicrobial activity of Hemidesmus indicus, Ficus bengalensis and Pterocarpus marsupium roxb. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 71, 578-581. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.58182
Gende LB, Floris I, Fritz R, Eguaras MJ. 2008. Antimicrobial activity of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) essential oil and its main components against Paenibacillus larvae from Argentine. Bulletin of Insectology 61 (1), 1-4.
Gnanavel S, Bharathidasan R, Mahalingam R, Madhanraj P, Panneerselvam A. 2012. Antimicrobial Activity of Strychnos nux-vomica Linn and Cassia angustifolia Linn. Asian J Pharm. Tech 2 (1), 8-11.
Govindarajan M, Jebanesan A, Reetha D, Amsath R, Pushpanathan T, Samidurai K. 2008. Antibacterial activity of Acalypha indica L European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 12 (5), 299-302.
Goyal P, Chauhan A, Kaushik P. 2010. Assessment of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari (Guggul) as potential source for antibacterial agent. Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 1 (3), 71-75.
Goyal P, kaushlk P. 2011. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of various crude leaf extracts of Indian sacred plant, Ocinum sanctum L. British microbiology research journal 1 (3), 70-78.
Grover A, Bhandari BS, Rai N. 2011. Antimicrobial Activity of Medicinal plants Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Allium cepa L. and Aloe vera L. International Journal of PharmTech Research 3 (2), 1059-1065.
Gull I, Saeed M, Shaukat H, Aslam SM, Samra ZQ, Athar AM. 2012. Inhibitory effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts on clinically important drug resistant pathogenic bacteria. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 11, 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-0711-11-8
Habbal OA, Al-Jabri AA, El-Hag AH, Al-Mahrooqi ZH, Al-Hashmi NA. 2005. In-vitro antimicrobial activity of Lawsonia inermis Linn (henna). A pilot study on the Omani henna. Saudi Medical Journal 26 (1), 69-72.
Harisaranraj R, Babu SS, Suresh K. 2010. Antimicrobial Properties of Selected Indian Medicinal Plants Against Acne-Inducing Bacteria. Ethnobotanical Leaflets 14, 84 -94.
Hogade MG, Jalalpure S, Kuthar S. 2011. Antibacterial Activity OF fruit extract of Terminalia chebula Retz. against some Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Research 1 (1), 26-29.
Hoque MM, Rattila S, Shishir MA, Bari ML, Inatsu Y, Kawamoto S. 2011. Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.) Against Some Food Borne Pathogens. Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology 28 (2), 58-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i2.11817
Hosamani PA, Lakshman HC, Sandeepkumar K, Hosamani RC. 2011. Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata Wall. Science Research Reporter 1 (2), 92 – 95.
Hossain MM, Mazumder K, Hossen SMM, Tanmy TT, Rashid MJ. 2012. In vitro studies on antibacterial and antifungal activities of Emblica officinalis. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research 3 (4), 1124-1127
Ishnava KB, Mahida YN, Mohan JSS. 2010. In vitro assessments of antibacterial potential of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari. gum extract. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy 2 (7), 91-96.
Jaina P, Varshney R. 2011. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha). Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 3 (3), 260-263.
Jetty A, Subhakar C, Rajagopal D, Jetty M, Subramanyam M, Murthy MM. 2010. Antimicrobial activities of neo-and 1-epineo- isoshinanolones from Plumbago zeylanica roots. Pharm Biol 48 (9), 1007- 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880200903433760
Jeyachandran R, Xavier TF, Anand SP. 2003. Antibacterial activity of stem extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd) Hook. F & Thomson. Ancient Science of Life 23 (1), 40–43.
Jeyachandran R, Mahesh A, Cindrella L, Sudhakar S, Pazhanichamy K. 2009, Antibacterial activity of plumbagin and root extracts of Plumbago zeylanica L. Acta Biologica Series Botanica 51(1), 17–22.
Joy B, Sandhya CP, Remitha KR. 2010. Comparison and bioevaluation of Piper longum fruit extracts. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 2 (4), 696-706.
Jyothi SK, Rao BS. 2010. Antibacterial Activity of Extracts from Aegle marmelos against Standard Pathogenic Bacterial Strains. International Journal of PharmTech Research 2 (3), 1824-1826.
Kannan P, Ramadevi SR, Hopper W. 2009. Antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula fruit extract. African Journal of Microbiology Research 3 (4), 180-184.
Karthikeyan A, Shanthi V, Nagasathaya A. 2009. Preliminary phytochemical and antibacterial screening of crude extract of the leaf of Adhatoda vasica . L. International Journal of Green Pharmacy 3, 78-80.
Karmakar UK, Tarafder UK, Sadhu SK, Biswas NN, Shill MC. 2010. Biological Investigations of Dried Fruitof Solanum nigrum Linn. Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 3(1), 38-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjps.v3i1.6796
Kaur I, Chauhan PK, Jaryal M, Saxena S, Kanishak. 2012. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of leaf extract of Adhatoda vasica against the bacteria isolated from the sputum samples of asthmatic patients. Int. J. Drug Res. Tech 2 (3), 273-278.
Kaushik D, Jogpal V, Kaushik P, Lal S, Saneja A, Sharma C, Aneja KR. 2009. Evaluation of activities of Solanum nigrum fruit extract. Archives of Applied Science Research 1 (1), 43-50.
Katalinic V, Mozina SS, Generalic I, Skroza D, Ljubenkov I, Klancnik A. 2013. Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Capacity, and Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf Extracts from Six Vitis vinifera L. Varieties. International Journal of Food Properties 16 (1), 45-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2010.526274
Keawsa-ard S, Kongtaweelert S. 2012. Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Anticancer Activities and Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Mesua ferrea Leaves. Chiang Mai Journal of Science 39 (3), 455-463.
Kedarnath NK, Surekha, Ramesh S, Mahantesh SP, Patil CS. 2012. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Aloe vera L. World Research Journal of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants 1 (1), 11-13.
VG, Kannabiran K. 2008. Antimicrobial activity of saponin fractions of the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre and Eclipta prostrate. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24 (11), 2737-2740.
Khan MA, Naidu MA, Akbar Z. 2010. In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Fruits Extract of Embelia ribes Burm. International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives 1 (3), 267 – 270.
Kothari S, Mishra V, Bharat S, Tonpay SD. 2011. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of serial extracts from leaves of Aegle marmelos (linn). Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica ñ Drug Research 68 (5), 687-692.
Krishnaraj C, Jagan EG, Rajasekar S, Selvakumar P, Kalaichelvan PT, Mohan N. 2010. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Acalypha indica leaf extracts and its antibacterial activity against water borne pathogens. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 76 (1), 50-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.10.008
Kumar AO, Naidu ML, Rao KGR. 2010. In vitro antibacterial activity in the extracts of Andrographis paniculata Burm. F. International Journal of PharmTech Research 2 (2), 1383-1385.
Kumar MG, Jeyraaj IA, Jeyaraaj R, Loganathan P. 2006. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract of leaf and stem extract of Santalum album. Ancient Science of Life 25 (3&4), 6–9.
Kumar A, Rajput G, Dhatwalia VK, Srivastav G. 2009. Phytocontent Screening of Mucuna Seeds and Exploit in Opposition to Pathogenic Microbes. Journal of Biological and Environmental Science 3 (9), 71-76.
Lachumy SJT, Zuraini Z, Sasidharan S. 2010. Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of methanol extract of Cassia fistula seeds. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 1 (4), 391-398.
Lakshmi T, Kumar AS. 2012. Antibacterial evaluation of Azadirachta indica ethanolic leaf extract against selected acidogenic oral bacteria causing dental plaque in fixed orthodontic appliance patients- An in vitro study. International Journal of Botany and Research 1 (2), 30-40.
Lemma H, Debella A, Addis G, Kunert O, Geyid A, Teka F, Yersaw K. 2002. Anti-bacterial activity of Plumbago zeylanica L. roots on some pneumonia causing pathogens. Ethiopian Journal of Science 25 (2), 285-294
Lipipun V, Nantawanit N, Pongsamart S. 2002. Antimicrobial activity (in vitro) of polysaccharide gel from durian fruit-hulls. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 24 (1), 31-38
Luqman S, Srivastava S, Darokar MP, Khanuja SPS. 2005. Detection of Antibacterial Activity in Spent Roots of Two Genotypes of Aromatic Grass Vetiveria zizanioides. Pharmaceutical Biology 43 (8), 732–736
Mandal S, Mandal MD, Pal NK. 2007. Antibacterial potential of Azadirachta indica seed and Bacopa monniera leaf extracts against multidrug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates. Archieves of Medical Science 3 (1), 14-18.
Mandal SC, Nandy A, Pal M, Saha BP. 2000. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Asparagus racemosus willd. root. Phytotherapy Research 2, 118-119.
Manogaran S, Sulochana N, Kavimani S. 1998. Anti- inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of the root, bark and leaves of Azadirachta indica. Ancient Science of Life 18 (1), 29 – 34.
Mahalingam R, Bharathidasan R, Ambikapathy V, Panneerselvam A. 2011. Studies on antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant against Human pathogenic Micro Organism. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research 1 (3), 86-90.
Mahmood K, Yaqoob U, Bajwa R. 2008. Antibacterial activity of essential oil of Ocimum sanctum L. Mycopath 6 (1&2), 63-65
Malekzadeh F. 1968, Antimicrobial activity of Lawsonia inermis L. Applied Microbiology 16 (4), 663–664.
Maragathavalli S, Brindha S, Kaviyarasi NS, Annadurai BB, Gangwar SK. 2012. Antimicrobial activity in leaf extract of neem (Azadirachta indica Linn.). International Journal of Science and Nature 3 (1), 110-113.
Mastanaiah J, Prabhavathi NB, Varaprasad B. 2011. In vitro Antibacterial activity of Leaf Extracts of Lawsonia inermis. International Journal of PharmTech Research 3 (2), 1045-1049.
Meenakshi V, Garg SL, Anshu S. In vitro studies on antimicrobial activity of Allium sativum against bacterial and fungal pathogens of animal health importance. Journal of immunology and immunopathology 10 (1). 46-49.
Manikandan S, Devi RS, Srikumar R, Thangaraj R, Ayyappan R, Jegadeesh R, Hariprasath L. 2010. In vitro antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Acorus calamus. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology 1(3), 1072-1075.
Mazumder R, Dastidar SG, Basu SP, Mazumder A, Singh SK. 2004. Antibacterial potentiality of Mesua ferrea Linn. flowers. Phytotherapy Research 18 (10), 824-826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1572
Mazumder R, Dastidar SG, Basu SP, Mazumder A, Kumar S. 2003. Emergence of Mesua ferrea linn. leaf extract as a potent bactericide. Ancient Science of Life 22 (4), 160– 165.
Metwally AM, Omar AA, Harraz FM, El Sohafy SM. 2010. Phytochemical investigation and antimicrobial activity of Psidium guajava L. leaves. Pharmacognosy Magazine 6(23), 212–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.66939
Megala S, Elango R. 2012. In vitro antibacterial activity studies of tuber and seeds extracts of Glorisa superba Linn. Against some selected human pathogens. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research 3 (10), 4230-4234.
Mehrotra V, Mehrotra S, Kirar V, Shyam R, Misra K, Srivastava AK, Nandi SP. 2011. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extract of Withania somnifera against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research 1 (1), 40-45.
Mishra P, Mishra S. 2011. Study of antibacterial activity of Ocinum sanctum extract against gram negative and gram negative bacteria. American journal of food technology 6(4), 336- 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajft.2011.336-341
Mohan SC, Dinakar S, Anand T, Elayaraja R, Priya BS. 2012. Phytochemical, GC-MS analysis and Antibacterial activity of a Medicinal Plant Acalypha indica. International Journal of PharmTech Research 4 (3), 1050-1054.
Molla MTH, Ahsan MS, Alam MT, Haque ME. 2010. Antibacterial activity in the leaves of seven bitter medicinal plants of Bangladesh. Journal of Bio-Science 18. 128-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8788
Murugan M, Mohan VR. 2011. Antibacterial activity of Mucuna pruriens (L.) Dc. var. pruriens – an Ethnomedicinal Plant. Science Research Reporter 1 (2), 69 -72.
Nahor U, Ahmed Z. 2012. Antimicrobial Activity of Phyllanthus Emblica and Allium Sativum: Comparative Analysis of Antimicrobial Action of Crude and Ethanolic Extract of These Natural Plant Products. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 4 (3), 21-26.
Naika R, Prasanna KP, Naika PSSGR, Prasanna KP, Ganapath PSS. 2010. Antibacterial activity of Piperlongumine an alkaloid isolated from methanolic root extract of Piper longum L. Pharmacophore 1 (2), 141-148.
Nain P, Saini V, Sharma S. 2012. In vitro antibacterial and antioxidant of Emblica officinalis leaf extract. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 4 (1), 385-389.
Nair R, Chanda SV. 2007. Antibacterial Activities of Some Medicinal Plants of the Western Region of India. Turkish Journal of Biology 31, 231-236.
Nair R, Chanda SV. 2004. Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants of Saurashtra region. Journal of tissue research 4 (1), 117-120.
Nair R, Chanda S. 2007. In vitro antimicrobial activity of Psidium guajava L. leaf extract against clinically important pathogenic microbial strains. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 38, 452-458.
Nath KVS, Rao KNV, Sandhya S, Kiran MS, Banji D, Narayana LS, Laxmi VC. 2010. In vitro antibacterial activity of dried scale leaves of Allium cepa linn. Der Pharmacia Lettre 2 (5), 187-192.
Nayak S, Sahoo AM, Chakraborti CK, Haque MN. 2011. Antibacterial activity study of Saraca indica leaves extract. International journal of pharmaceutical Research and development 3 (3), 160 – 163.
Naz S, Jabeen S, Ilyas S, Manzoor F, Aslam F, Ali A. 2010. Antibacterial activity of curcuma longa varieties against different strains of bacteria. Pakistan Journal of Botany 42 (1), 455-462.
Nimje PD, Garg H, Gupta A, Srivastava N, Katiyar M, Ramalingam C. 2013. Comparison of antimicrobial activity of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cinnamomum cassia on food spoilage bacteria and water borne bacteria. Der Pharmacia Lettre 5 (1), 53-59.
Okolo SC, Okoh-Esene RU, Ikokoh PP, Olajide OO, Anjorin ST. 2012. Phytochemicals, mineral content and antimicrobial screening of Phyllanthus amarus Schum and Thorn in Abuja, Nigeria. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research 2 (1), 17-22.
Orhan DD, Orhan N, Ozcelik B, Ergun F. 2009. Biological activities of Vitis vinifera L. leaves. Turkish Journal of Biology 33, 341-348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/biy-0806-17
Owais M, Sharad KS, Shehbaz A, Saleemuddin M. 2005. Antibacterial efficacy of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) an indigenous medicinal plant against experimental murine salmonellosis. Phytomedicine 12 (3), 229-235.
Pandey A, Shweta. 2012. Antibacterial properties of Psidium guajava leaves, fruits and stems against various pathogens. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Development 3 (11), 15 – 24.
Patil SG, Deshmukh AA, Padol AR, Kalein DB. 2012. In vitro antibacterial activity of Emblica officinalis fruit extract by tube Dilution Method. International Journal of Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 2 (4), 49-51.
Penecilla GL, Magno CP, 2011. Antibacterial activity of extracts of twelve common medicinal plants from the Philippines. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5 (16), 3975-3981.
Phongpaichit S, Pujenjob , Rukachaisirikul V, Ongsakul M. 2005. Antimicrobial activities of the crude methanol extract of Acorus calamus Linn. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology. 27 (Suppl. 2) 517-523.
Poonkothai M, Saravanan M. 2008. Antibacterial activity of Aegle marmelos against leaf, bark and fruit extracts. Ancient Science of Life 27 (3), 15–18.
Pramila DM, Xavier R, Marimuthu K, Kathiresan S, Khoo ML, Senthilkumar M, Sathya K, Sreeramanan S. 2012. Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial potential of methanolic leaf extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita: Lamiaceae). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 6 (2), 331-335. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/JMPR11.1232
Priya G, Parminder N, Jaspreet S. 2012. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity on Emblica officinalis seeds extract. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 3 (4), 591-596.
Priya AM, Ivianikandan M, Kalaiselvi G, Arun P, Chinnaswamy P, Selvam K. 2007. Screening of antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita L. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Paper 9 (4), 1049-1052.
Putiyanan S, Nantachit K, Bunchoo M, Khantava B, Khamwan C. 2005. Pharmacognostic identification and antimicrobial activity of Vetiveria zizanioides (L) nash root. Chiang Mai Medical Bulletin 44 (3), 85-90.
Radhika P, Lakshmi KR. 2010. Antimicrobial Activity of the Chloroform Extracts of the Root and the Stem of Andrographis paniculata Nees. International Research Journal of Microbiology 1 (2), 37-39.
Radulovic N, Stojanovic G, Palic R. 2006. Composition and antimicrobial activity of Equisetum arvense L. essential oil. Phytotherapy Research 20 (1), 85-88.
Rajaselvam J, Smily BJM, Meena R. 2012. A Study Of Antimicrobial Activity Of Acalypha Indica Against Selected Microbial Species. International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research 3 (9), 473-476.
Rahman MS, Anwar MN. 2007. Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extract Obtained from the Root of Plumbago zeylanica. Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology 24 (1), 73-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1244
Ratha M, Subha K, Senthilkumar G, Panneerselvam A, 2012. Screening of phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) and Vetiveria zizanoides (L.). European Journal of Experimental Biology 2 (2), 363-368.
Rashmi M, Goyal M. 2011. Antimicrobial and phytochemical estimation of Calendula officinalis against human pathogenic microorganisms. International Journal of Innovations in Bio-Sciences 1, 1-10.
Raut S, Raut S, Ghadai A. 2012. Phytoceutical evaluation and antimicrobial properties of and Tylophora indica. International Journal of Microbiology Research 4 (5), 227-230.
Ravishankar K, Kiranmayi GVN, Lalitha TM, Ranjith TP, Someswarao SBV, Raju VRK, Divya AV. 2012. Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial activity on Asparagus racemosus root extract. International Journal of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Biological Sciences 2 (1), 117-123.
Ravikumar VR, Sudha T. 2011. Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies on Plumbago zeylanica (L) (Plumbaginaceae). International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry 1 (2), 185-188.
Rawat V, Upadhyaya K. 2013. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of Mesua ferrea seeds extract. Journal of Natural Products 6, 17- 26
Reddy LJ, Gopu S, Jose B, Jalli RD, 2012. Evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the leaf and bark extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1 (3), 661-672.
Reddy LJ, Jalli RD, Jose B, Gopu S. 2012. Evaluation of antibacterial and DPPH radical scavenging activities of the leaf extracts and leaf essential oil of Coriandum sativum Linn. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1 (3), 705-716.
Rishikesh, Rahman MM, Islam SMS, Rahman MM. 2012. Phytochemical Screening and In vitro Antimicrobial Investigation of the Methanolic Extract of Centella asiatica Leaves. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 3 (9), 3323-3330.
Ripa FA, Nahar L , Fazal A, Khatun MH. 2012. Antibacterial and phytochemical evaluation of three medicinal plants of Bangladesh. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 3 (3), 788-792.
Rose MF, Noorulla KM, Asma M, Kalaichelvi R, Vadivel K, Thangabalan B, Sinha BN. 2010. In vitro antibacterial activity of methanolic root extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd). International journal of Pharma Research and Development 2 (5), 1-5.
Sanches NR, Cortez DAG, Schiavini MS, Nakamura CV, Filho BPD. 2005. An Evaluation of Antibacterial Activities of Psidium guajava (L.). Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48(3), 429-436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132005000300014
Sangeetha D, Stella D. 2012. Screening of Antimicrobial Activity of Vetiver Extracts against Certain Pathogenic Microorganisms. International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives 3 (1), 197-203.
Saravanan P, Ramya V, Sridhar H, Balamurugan V, Umamaheswari S. 2010. Antibacterial activity of Allium sativum L. on pathogenic bacterial strains. Global Veterinaria 4 (5), 519-522.
Saklani S, Gahlot M, Kumar A, Singh R, Patial R, Kashyap P. 2011. Antimicrobial activity of extracts of the medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii. International Journal of Drug Research and Technology 1 (1), 52-59.
Sampath V, Rangarajan N, Suriyakala S. 2012. Synergistic effect of Piper longum extract with ciprofloxacin on MRSA. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 4 (4), 209 – 215.
Satdive RK, Abhilash P, Fulzele DP. 2003. Antimicrobial activity of Gymnema sylvestre leaf extract. Fitoterapia 74 (7-8), 699-701.
Sainath RS, Prathiba J, Malathi R. 2009. Antimicrobial properties of the stem bark of Saraca indica (Caesalpiniaceae). European Review of Medical and Pharmacological Science 13 (5), 371-374.
Sahalan AZ, Sulaiman N, Mohammed N, Ambia KM, Lian HH. 2007. Antibacterial activity of Andrographis paniculata and Euphorbia hirta methanol extracts. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia 5 (2), 1-8.
Saeed S, Tariq P. 2005. Antibacterial activities of Mentha piperita, Pisum sativum, and Momordica charantia. Pakistan Journal of Botany 37 (4), 997-1001.
Sarojini N, Kanti CC, Manjari SA, Kumara SU. 2012. In vitro antibacterial activities of Lawsonia inermis leaf extracts. International Research Journal of Pharmacy 3 (7), 195-197.
Sarojini N, Manjari SA, Kanti CC. 2011. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity study of Saraca indica leaves extract. International Research Journal of Pharmacy 2 (7), 176-179.
Sandhu PS, Kaur K, Ahmad V, Kumar L, Kumar P, Salam M, Khan MA. 2012. Screening of Antimicrobial activity of Aqueous extracts of Leaves, Flower and Stem of Eclipta alba. International Journal Drug Development and Research 4 (4), 142-147.
Sati SC, Joshi S. 2011. Antibacterial activities of Ginkgo biloba L. leaf extracts. Scientific World Journal 11, 2241-2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2011/545421
Sasidharan I, Menon AN. 2010. Comparative chemical composition and antimicrobial activity fresh and dry ginger oils (Zingiber officinale roscoe). International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 2 (4), 40-43.
Salau AO, Odeleye OM. 2007. Antimicrobial activity of Mucuna pruriens on selected bacteria. African Journal of Biotechnology 6 (18), 2091-2092.
Senthilkumar M. 2013. Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Gloriosa superba Linn. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 5 (1). 31- 36.
Senthilkumar CS, Kumar MS, Pandian MR. 2010. In vitro antibacterial activity of crude leaf extracts from Tecoma stans (L) juss. Et kunth, Coleus forskohlii and Pogostemon patchouli against human pathogenic bacteria. International Journal of PharmTech Research 2(1), 438-442.
Sekar T, Ayyanar M, Pillai YJK, Sekar T. 2011. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of leaf and callus extracts of Centella asiatica. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology 6, 55- 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v6i1.8555
Sharma MC, Sharma S. 2010. Phytochemical screening of methanolic extracts and antibacterial activity of Eclipta alba and Morinda citrifolia L. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research 6 (5), 445-449.
Sheeba JB, Mohan ST. 2012. Antimicrobial activity of Adhatoda vasica against clinical pathogens. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research 2 (2), 83-88.
Singh S, Singh P. 2012. Effectiveness of Tinospora cardifolia stem extract on bacteria Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. International Journal of Pharmacy and Life Science 3 (8), 1923-1925.
Singh G, Kumar P. 2012. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of alkaloids of Terminalia chebula Retz. against some multidrug-resistant microorganisms. International Journal of Green Pharmacy 6, 57-62.
Sinha SN. 2012. In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Equisetum arvense L. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research 3 (1), 19-21.
Sinha SN, Saha GC, Biswas M. 2010. Screening of Various Solvent Extracts of Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. Leaf for Antibacterial Activity. Advances in Bioresearch 1 (2). 25-28.
Sinha SN, Biswas M. 2011. Effect of extracts from Asparagus racemosus Willd root against pathogenic bacteria. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology 2 (3), 312-314.
Sivananthan M, Elamaran M. 2013. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of chloroform extract Andrographis paniculata leaves and roots, Durio zibethinus wood bark and Psidium guajava leaves against selected bacterial strains. International Journal of Biomolecule and Biomedicine 3 (1), 12- 19.
Sivananthan M, Elamaran, M. 2013. Medicinal and pharmacological properties of Andrographis paniculata. International Journal of Biomolecule and Biomedicine 3 (2), 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijbb/3.2.1-12
Sivananthan M. 2013. Pharmacological activities of Andrographis paniculata, Allium sativum and Adhatoda vasica. International Journal of Biomolecule and Biomedicine 3 (2), 13-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijbb/3.2.13-20
Sood P, Sharma SK, Sood M. 2012. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Cassia angustifolia Vahl. In vitro study. International Journal pharmaceutical science and Research 3 (10), 3814-3816.
Somchit MN, Rashid RA, Abdullah A, Zuraini A, Zakaria ZA, Sulaiman MR, Arifah AK, Mutalib AR. 2010. In vitro antimicrobial activity of leaves of Acalypha indica Linn (Euphorbiaceae). African Journal of Microbiology Research 4 (20), 2133-2136.
Sundaramurthi P, Dhandapani S, Ponnusamy S, Subbaiyan M. 2012. Effect of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) as a Disinfectant for Water Treatment. Hitek Journal of Bio Science and Bioengg 1 (1). 1-7.
Taemchuay D, Rukkwamsuk T, SakpuaramT, Ruangwises N. 2009. Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extracts of Centella asiatica against Staphylococcus aureus in Bovine Mastitis. Kasetsart Veterinarians 19 (3), 119-128.
Tao R, Wang CZ, Kong ZW. 2013. Antibacterial/Antifungal Activity and Synergistic Interactions between Polyprenols and Other Lipids Isolated from Ginkgo Biloba L. Leaves. Molecules 18 (2), 2166-2182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules18022166
Tambekar DH, Khante BS, Chandak BR, Titare AS, Boralkar SS, Aghadte SN. 2009. Screening of antibacterial potential of some medicinal plants from Melgat forest in India. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 6 (3), 228-232.
Tariq AL, Reyaz AL. 2012. Threapeutic Analysis of Terminalia Chebula Against Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli (UPEC). Global Journal of Pharmacology 6 (3), 160-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.gjp.2012.6.3.64131
Tiwari P, Jain R, Kumar K, Panik R, Sahu PK. 2011. An evaluation of antimicrobial activities of root extract of Calendula officinalis (Linn.). Pharmacologyonline 2, 886-892.
Tiwari P, Kumar K, Panik R , Pandey A, Pandey A , Sahu PK. 2011. Antimicrobial activity evaluation of the root of Carica papaya Linn. International Journal of PharmTech Research 3 (3), 1641-1648
Uddin M, Ghufran MA, Idrees M, Irshad M, Jabeen S, Ahmad W, Malook I, Batoo A, Rashid A, Arshad M, Naeem R. 2012. Antibacterial activity of methanolic root extract of Asparagus racemosus. Journal of Public Health and Biological Sciences 1 (2), 32-35.
Udayakumar R, Velmurugan K, Srinivasan D, Krishna RR. 2003. Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of extracts of Solanum xanthocarpum. Ancient Science of Life 23 (2), 90– 94.
Unlu M, Ergene E, Unlu GV, Zeytinoglu HS, Vural N. 2010. Composition, antimicrobial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity of essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae). Food and Chemical Toxicology 48 (11), 3274-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.09.001
Usman H, Abdulrahman FI, Iadan AA. 2007. Phytochemical and antimicrobial evaluation of Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) growing in Nigeria. Research Journal of Biological Science 2 (3), 244-247.
Verma DR, Kakkar A. 2011. Antibacterial activity of Tinospora cordifolia. Journal of Global Pharma Technology 3 (11), 8-12.
Vikran, Patel N, Roopchandani K, Gupta A, Agarwal K, Choudhary R. 2013. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Benzene and Chloroform Extract of Mucuna pruriens. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 5 (1), 19-23.
Xie L, Hettiarachchy NS, Jane ME, Johnson MG. 2003. Antimicrobial activity of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on Listeria monocytogenes. Journal of Food Science 68 (1), 268–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb14150.x
Yogananth N, Buvaneswari S, Muthezhilan R. 2012, Larvicidal and Antibacterial Activities of Different Solvent Extracts of Solanum nigrum Linn. Global Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry 7 (3), 86- 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5829/idosi.gjbb.2012.7.3.1104
Yousufi MK. 2012. To Study Antibacterial Activity of Allium Sativum, Zingiber Officinale and Allium Cepa by Kirby-Bauer Method. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 4 (5), 6-8.
Zubair M, Rızwan K, Rasool N, Afshan N, Shahid M, Ahmed V. 2011. Antimicrobial potential of various extract and fractions of leaves of Solanum nigrum. International Journal of Phytomedicine 3 (1), 63-67.
Manoharan Sivananthan (2013), Antibacterial activity of 50 medicinal plants used in folk medicine; IJB, V3, N4, April, P104-121
https://innspub.net/antibacterial-activity-of-50-medicinal-plants-used-in-folk-medicine/
Copyright © 2013
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0