Application of chitosan and Trichoderma against soil-borne pathogens and their effect on yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Paper Details
Application of chitosan and Trichoderma against soil-borne pathogens and their effect on yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Abstract
Plant diseases need to be controlled to uphold the quality and load of yields produced by grower’s across the world. A variety of approaches may be used to halt, alleviate or control plant disease. Uses of different biological control agents regulate the growth of plants in a miraculous form. The present study was conducted to reduce soil-borne diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani and to increase the yield of tomato field under natural epiphytotic conditions through the application of Trichoderma harzianum and chitosan based-treatments at different methods. Isolate T. harzianum pb27 displayed 88.56%, 90.58%, 89.28% inhibition rate and chitosan 800 ppm showed 78.61%, 81.11%, 77.22% inhibition rate on PDA plate against the highly virulent isolate of F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL), S. rolfsii, and R. solani, respectively. Trichoderma-fortified compost along with foliar spray of chitosan and seedling roots dipped both in chitosan solution and Trichoderma spore suspensions appeared to be best in controlling the post-emergence seedling mortality (81.83%) caused by soil-borne pathogens. Similarly the same treatment was also found the most promising for the management of different soil-borne diseases of tomato including Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, collar rot/southern blight caused by S. rolfsii, dry root rot or wet root rot caused by R. solani. In addition, all treatments significantly increased yield and yield contributing components of tomato. Therefore, integration of two or three components is advised as one of the most worthy methods in order to effectively control the disease and improve crop performance.
Abd-El-Kareem F, El-Mougy NS, El-Gamal NG, Fotouh Y. 2006. Use of chitin and chitosan against tomato root rot disease under greenhouse conditions. Research Jouranl of Agriculture and Biological Science 2, 147-152.
Akhter W, Bhuiyan MKA, Sultana F, Hossain MM. 2015. Integrated effect of microbial antagonist, organic amendment and fungicide in controlling seedling mortality (Rhizoctonia solani) and improving yield in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Comptes Rendus Biologies 338(1), 21-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.10.003
Akram W, Anjum T. 2011. Use of bioagents and synthetic chemicals for induction of systemic resistance in tomato against diseases. International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Science 1, 286-292.
Alamri S, Hashem M, Mostafa YS. 2012. In vitro and in vivo biocontrol of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi by certain bioagents and their possible mode of action. Biocontrol Science 17(4), 155-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.4265/bio.17.155
Altinok HH, Erdogan O. 2015. Determination of the in vitro effect of Trichoderma harzianum on phytopathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 43(2), 494-500. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4329788
Amini J. 2009. Induced resistance in tomato plants against fusarium wilt invoked by nonpathogenic Fusarium, chitosan and bion. Plant Pathology Journal 25(3), 256-262. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/ppj.2009.25.3.256
Anonymous. 2009. Hand book of Agricultural Statistics. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, Govt. People’s Republic of Bangladesh. p. 14.
Anusuya S, Sathiyabama M. 2016. Effect of chitosan on growth, yield and curcumin content in turmeric under field condition. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 6, 102-106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2016.03.002
Barnett HL, Hunter BB. 1998. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. New York, USA: American Phytopathogycal Society Press, p. 218.
Bautista-Banos S, Hernandez-Lauzardo AN, Velazquez-Del Valle MG, et al. 2006. Chitosan as a potential natural compound to control pre and postharvest diseases of horticultural commodities. Crop Protection 25(2), 108-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2005.03.010
Begum F, Bhuiyan MKA. 2007. Integrated control of seedling mortality of lentil caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Pathology 23(1/2), 17-24.
Chang JI, Hsu TE. 2008. Effects of compositions on food waste composting. Bioresource Technology 99(17), 8068-8074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.043
Demers JE, Gugino BK, Jimenez-Gasco MDM. 2015. Highly diverse endophytic and soil Fusarium oxysporum populations associated with field-grown tomato plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81(1), 81-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02590-14
Dhingra OD, Sinclair JB. 1995. Basic plant pathology methods. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, p. 293-293.
El-Tantawy EM. 2009. Behavior of tomato plants as affected by spraying with chitosan and aminofort as natural stimulator substances under application of soil organic amendments. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 12(17), 1164-1173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2009.1164.1173
FAO. 2012. FAOSTAT database: agriculture production. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Faruk MI, Rahman ML. 2015. Management of tomato seedling rot disease (Rhizoctonia solani) in seedbed with Trichoderma harzianum bio-fungicide. International Research Journals 5(1), 14-20.
Hoitink H, Boehm M. 1999. Biocontrol within the context of soil microbial communities: a substrate-dependent phenomenon. Annual Review of Phytopathology 37(1), 427-446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.37.1.427
Hora TS, Baker R. 1972. Soil fungistasis: microflora producing a volatile inhibitor. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 59(3), 491-500.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(72)80130-X
Howell C. 2003. Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Disease 87(1), 4-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.1.4
Jones J, Jones J, Stall R, Zitter T. 1991. Compendium of tomato diseases. American Phytopathological Society Press.
Kotasthane A, Agrawal T, Kushwah R, Rahatkar OV. 2015. In vitro antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani and their response towards growth of cucumber, bottle gourd and bitter gourd. European Journal of Plant Pathology 141(3), 523-543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-014-0560-0
Kumar K, Amaresan N, Bhagat S, Madhuri K, Srivastava RC. 2012. Isolation and characterization of Trichoderma spp. for antagonistic activity against root rot and foliar pathogens. Indian Journal of Microbiology 52(2), 137-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0205-3
Kumar K, Amaresan N, Bhagat S, Madhuri K, Udhayaraj P, Srivastava RC. 2011. Genetic and physiological relatedness of antagonistic Trichoderma isolates against soil borne plant pathogenic fungi. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 44(14), 1399-1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2010.505362
Malmierca MG, Mccormick SP, Cardoza RE, Alexander NJ, Monte E, Gutierrez S. 2015. Production of trichodiene by Trichoderma harzianum alters the perception of this biocontrol strain by plants and antagonized fungi. Environmental Microbiololgy 17(8), 2628-2646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12506
Mandal S, Ray RC. 2011. Induced systemic sesistance in biocontrol of plant diseases. In: Singh A, Parmar N, Kuhad CR, Ed. Bioaugmentation, Biostimulation and Biocontrol. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 241-260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19769-7_11
Martin FN, Loper JE. 1999. Soilborne plant diseases caused by Pythium spp.: ecology, epidemiology, and prospects for biological control. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 18(2), 111-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07352689991309216
Mian I. 1995. Methods in plant pathology. IPSA-JAICA Project Publication 24, 51-53.
Nawar LS. 2005. Chitosan and three Trichoderma spp. to control fusarium crown and root rot of tomato in Jeddah, Kingdom Saudi Arabia. Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology 33, 45-58.
Oliveira Junior END, Melo ISD, Franco TT. 2012. Changes in hyphal morphology due to chitosan treatment in some fungal species. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 55, 637-646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132012000500001
Parmeter JR. 1970. Rhizoctonia solani, biology and pathology. University of California Press.
Rahman R. 2013. Trichoderma fortified compost in controlling diseases and in increasing yield of tomato. MS thesis, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, p. 65.
Ramírez-Arrebato MÁ, Rodríguez-Pedroso AT, Bautista-Baños S, Ventura-Zapata E. 2016. Chitosan protection from rice diseases. In: Bautista-
baños S, Romanazzi G, Jiménez-aparicio A, Ed. chitosan in the preservation of agricultural commodities. San Diego: Academic Press p. 115-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802735-6.000 04-5
Randall CR. 1980. Comparative pathogenicity and host ranges of Fusarium oxysporum isolates causing crown and root rot of greenhouse and field-grown tomatoes in North America and Japan. Phytopathology 70(12), 1143-1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-70-1143
Rashid TU, Rahman MM, Kabir S, Shamsuddin SM, Khan MA. 2012. A new approach for the preparation of chitosan from γ-irradiation of prawn shell: effects of radiation on the characteristics of chitosan. Polymer International 61(8), 1302-1308.
Russell GS. 2013. A review of the applications of chitin and its derivatives in agriculture to modify plant-microbial interactions and improve crop yields. Agronomy 3(4), 757-793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3040757
Schirmböck M, Lorito M, Wang Y-L, et al. 1994. Parallel formation and synergism of hydrolytic enzymes and peptaibol antibiotics, molecular mechanisms involved in the antagonistic action of Trichoderma harzianum against phytopathogenic fungi. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60(12), 4364-4370.
Shanmugam V, Sharma V, Ananthapad-manaban. 2008. Genetic relatedness of Trichoderma isolates antagonistic against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi inflicting carnation wilt. Folia Microbiologica 53(2), 130-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12223-008-0019-9
Shentu X, Zhan X, Ma Z, Yu X, Zhang C. 2014. Antifungal activity of metabolites of the endophytic fungus Trichoderma brevicompactum from garlic. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 45(1), 248-254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822014005000036
Stewart A, Hill R. 2014. Applications of Trichoderma in plant growth promotion. In: Gupta VK, Schmoll M, Herrera-Estrella A, Upadhyay RS, Druzhinina I, Tuohy MG, Ed. Biotechnology and biology of Trichoderma. Amsterdam: Elsevier p. 415-428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59576-8.00031-X
Terry LA, Joyce DC. 2004. Elicitors of induced disease resistance in postharvest horticultural crops: a brief review. Postharvest Biology and Technology 32(1), 1-13. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2003.09.016
Tuite J. 1969. Plant pathological methods: Fungi and bacteria. Minneapolis, USA: Burgess Publisher Company p. 293.
Uddin M, Akhtar N, Islam M, Faruq A. 2011. Effect of Trichoderma harzianum and some selected soil amendment against damping off disease complex of potato and chilli. The Agriculturists 9(1-2), 106-116.http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v9i1-2.9485
Xie CZ, Huang CH, Vallad GE. 2014. Mycelial compatibility and pathogenic diversity among Sclerotium rolfsii isolates in the southern united states. Plant Disease 98(12), 1685-1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-13-0861-re
Zhou QX, Chang KF, Hwang SF, Strelkov SE, Gossen BD, Chen YY. 2009. Pathogenicity and genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia solani isolates from lupin and other crops in Alberta, Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology-Revue Canadienne De Phytopathologie 31(3), 340-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060660909507608
Nusrat Jahan Nitu, Md. Mahidul Islam Masum, Rayhanur Jannat, Salma Sultana, Md. Khurshed Alam Bhuiyan (2016), Application of chitosan and Trichoderma against soil-borne pathogens and their effect on yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.); IJB, V9, N1, July, P10-24
https://innspub.net/application-of-chitosan-and-trichoderma-against-soil-borne-pathogens-and-their-effect-on-yield-of-tomato-solanum-lycopersicum-l/
Copyright © 2016
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0