Croton dichogamus (Pax) leaf powder as a protectant of stored Bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc against Callosobruchus maculatus, Fabricius: Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Tanzania
Paper Details
Croton dichogamus (Pax) leaf powder as a protectant of stored Bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc against Callosobruchus maculatus, Fabricius: Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Tanzania
Abstract
The insecticidal efficacy of the dried leaves powder of Croton dichogamus was evaluated to determine the effectiveness and optimize their use as a grain protectant against storage insect, Callosobruchus maculatus. Croton dichogamus at the dosage of 10, 5 and 1% (w/w) was compared with Actellic Super Dust and untreated control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with (6) replications. The treatments were evaluated on C. maculatus live insects, grain damage, mortality and oviposition. The results revealed that the dry powder from C. dichogamus leaves considerably reduced the infestation of C. maculatus, seeds damage, oviposition and caused insect mortality. The higher dosage (10%w/w) of C. dichogamus powder displayed lower grain damage, fewer live C. maculatus and few seeds with eggs and high insect mortality. Therefore, from the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the powders form C. dichogamus leaves at the higher concentration protected the Bambara groundnut seeds against infestation by C. maculatus. Further research is recommended to determine the bioactive compounds from the leaves of C. dichogamus, mode of action and toxicity effects on non-target organisms.
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