home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Croton dichogamus (Pax) leaf powder as a protectant of stored Bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc against Callosobruchus maculatus, Fabricius: Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Tanzania

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/01/2020
Views (279) Download (22)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Croton dichogamus (Pax) leaf powder as a protectant of stored Bambara groundnuts (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc against Callosobruchus maculatus, Fabricius: Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Tanzania

Nicodemus S. Tlankka, Ernest R. Mbega, Patrick A. Ndakidemi
Int. J. Biosci.16( 1), 443-449, January 2020.
Certificate: IJB 2020 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Bioactive compoundsMortalityOvipositionUnderutilized crop

Abstract

The insecticidal efficacy of the dried leaves powder of Croton dichogamus was evaluated to determine the effectiveness and optimize their use as a grain protectant against storage insect, Callosobruchus maculatus. Croton dichogamus at the dosage of 10, 5 and 1% (w/w) was compared with Actellic Super Dust and untreated control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with (6) replications. The treatments were evaluated on C. maculatus live insects, grain damage, mortality and oviposition. The results revealed that the dry powder from C. dichogamus leaves considerably reduced the infestation of C. maculatus, seeds damage, oviposition and caused insect mortality. The higher dosage (10%w/w) of C. dichogamus powder displayed lower grain damage, fewer live C. maculatus and few seeds with eggs and high insect mortality. Therefore, from the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the powders form C. dichogamus leaves at the higher concentration protected the Bambara groundnut seeds against infestation by C. maculatus. Further research is recommended to determine the bioactive compounds from the leaves of C. dichogamus, mode of action and toxicity effects on non-target organisms.

VIEWS 17
Cover PDF

Ajayi F, Lale N. 2000. Susceptibility of unprotected seeds and seeds of local bambara groundnut cultivars protected with insecticidal essential oils to infestation by Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)(Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 37, 47-62.

Aktar W, Sengupta D, Chowdhury A. 2009. Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards. Interdisciplinary toxicology 2(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.2478/v10102-009-0001-7

Anjarwalla P, Belmain S, Sola P, Jamnadass R, Stevenson P. 2016. Handbook on pesticidal plants. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF).

Atiku A, Aviara N, Haque M. 2004. Performance evaluation of a bambara ground nut sheller. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal 6, 1-18.

Azam-Ali S, Sesay A, Karikari S, Massawe F, Aguilar-Manjarrez J, Bannayan M, Hampson K. 2001. Assessing the potential of an underutilized crop–a case study using bambara groundnut. Experimental Agriculture, 37, 433-472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479701000412

Castilhos R, Grützmacher A, Coats J. 2018. Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of terpenoids and essential oils on the predator Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Neotropical entomology 47, 311-317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-017

Chikukura L, Mvumi B, Chikonzo R, Chenzara C. 2011. Evaluation of selected indigenous pesticidal plant powders against stored maize and cowpeas insect pests. Paper presented at the African Crop Science Conference Proceedings.

Chougourou DC, Agossa CH, Zoclanclounon YAB, Nassara MG, Agbaka A. 2016. Efficacy of two plant powders as cowpea grain protectants against Callosobruchus maculatus– Fabricius (Coleoptera, Chrysomelideae: Bruchinae). Journal of Applied Biosciences 105, 10152-10156.

Cooper J, Dobson H. 2007. The benefits of pesticides to mankind and the environment. Crop Protection 26, 1337-1348.

DAFF. 2016. Bambara groundnuts. Production Guideline. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry: Pretoria.

Halimi RA, Barkla B, Mayes S, King GJ. 2018. The potential of the underutilized pulse Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) for nutritional food security. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.12.008

Jogia MK, Andersen RJ, Parkanyi L, Clardy J, Dublin HT, Sinclair A. 1989. Crotofolane diterpenoids from the African shrub Croton dichogamus Pax. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 54, 1654-1657. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00268

Maina Y, Lale N. 2004. Effects of initial infestation and interspecific competition on the developmentof Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic.) in bambara groundnut Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology (Pakistan).

Mayes S, Ho WK, Chai HH, Song B, Chang Y, Massawe F. 2019. Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L) Verdc)-A Climate Smart Crop for Food and Nutrition Security Genomic Designing of Climate-Smart Pulse Crops. Springer 397-424.

Mkenda P, Mwanauta R, Stevenson PC, Ndakidemi P, Mtei K, Belmain SR. 2015. Extracts from field margin weeds provide economically viable and environmentally benign pest control compared to synthetic pesticides. PloS one 10, 1-14.

Mpotokwane S, Gaditlhatlhelwe E, Sebaka A, Jideani V. 2008. Physical properties of bambara groundnuts from Botswana. Journal of food engineering 89, 93-98.

Murevanhema YY, Jideani VA. 2013. Potential of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) milk as a probiotic beverage- A review. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 53, 954-967.

NARI. (2015). Annual oil seeds and legume crops research report 2014/15. Naliendele Agricultural Research Institute Annual Reports, p 101.

Obembe O, Kayode J. 2013. Insecticidal activity of the aqueous extracts of four under-utilized tropical plants as protectant of cowpea seeds from Callosobruchus maculatus infestation. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 16, 175-179. DOI: 10.3923/ pjbs.2013.175.179

Qwarse M, Mihale MJ, Joseph S, Mugoyela V, Henry L, Sunghwa F. 2018. Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal and Pesticidal Plants used by Agro-pastoral Communities in Mbulu District, Tanzania 1, 22-35.

Umar A, Turaki JM. 2014. Comparative studies on the Biology of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on Soya beans and Bambara Groundnut. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2, 58-61.

Submit Manuscript