Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1-based biopesticide on the pathogenicity of Phytophthora palmivora
Paper Details
Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1-based biopesticide on the pathogenicity of Phytophthora palmivora
Abstract
Black pod disease caused by Phytophthora spp limits cocoa yield. This study aims at assessing the antifungal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1 on pathogenicity of the parasite. The pea-based agar medium was treated either with Btk HD-1 suspension at different concentrations (C1 = 100%, C2 = 50% and C3 = 25%) or with the reference fungicide (3.33g/L). The medium distributed in petri dishes was inoculated with a 6 mm-diameter mycelial disc. After five days of incubation, safe and immature pods were inoculated with extracts taken from the previous culture medium. The control pods were infected by black pod, 48 hours after inoculation; whereas, those which have been inoculated with extracts taken from the medium treated with biopesticide showed necrotic lesions on the 3rd and 5th days of incubation. On the contrary, with reference fungicide showed no necrotic lesions on cocoa pods. The size of the necrotic lesions varied from 0 to 10.37 ± 0.46cm diameter.The rate of pods infected was 25%, 50% and 100%, respectively, for C1, C2 and C3. The infectivity of P. palmivora decreased significantly (p < 0.001) in the presence of biopesticide concentrations. The effect of the biopesticide evolves according to its concentration. This formulation could be an interesting alternative in an integrated strategy for the control of this cocoa disease.
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