Effect of intercroping maize and soybean on soil fertility
Paper Details
Effect of intercroping maize and soybean on soil fertility
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effect of intercropping maize with soybean on soil fertility. The study was conducted at two sites and evaluated three soybean varieties (hybrid SB19, GAZELLE – a local variety, hybrid TGX1990-5F) as sole crop and intercropped with maize, with maize pure stand as control. In the intercropped plots, one row of soybean was planted after every alternate row of maize. Data collected included soil nutrient status before planting and at harvest and nodulation in soybean. Variety TGX1990-5F had significantly more nodules followed by GAZELLE and SB19 was the last in sole crop and in intercrop at Embu during long rains and short rains (p ≤ 0.05). Mwea produced more nodules compared to Embu. Intercropping maize and soybean had no effect on the number of nodules per plant both seasons.However, TGX1990-5F fixed higher N of 0.39% compared to 0.29% for SB19 in sole crop respectively between sites for the first season after harvesting. TGX1990-5F showed higher N compared to GAZELLE in intercrops between sites for the second season after harvesting. Depending on the requirement of the plants nutrients, TGX1990-5F fixed moderate N for feeding plant. However, GAZELLE showed high Organic Carbon, Potassium and Phosphorus after harvesting than other varieties in both sites and rains seasons. Thus, variety TGX1990-5F can be recomended to smallscale farmers for intercropping with maize because it produced higher nodules and fixed higher N, hence reducing the cost for N fertilizers.
Ahmad I, Cheng Z, Meng H, Liu T, Wang M, Ejaz M, Wasila H. 2013. Effect of pepper-garlic intercropping system on soil microbial and bio-chemical properties, Pakistan Journal of Botanic 45(2), 695-702.
Akinnifesi FK, Makumba W, Sileshi G, Ajayi OC, Mweta D. 2007. Synergistic effect of inorganic N and P fertilizers and organic inputs from Gliricidia sepium on productivity of intercropped maize in Southern Malawi. Plant and Soil 294(1–2), 203–217.
Ali A, Ijoyah MO, Usman M. 2015. Intercropped Maize and Soybean under Tillage Practices and Fertilizer Rates in Makurdi , Southern Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria, Novelty journals 2(2), 12-22.
Bandyopadhyay, Monoranjan Mohanty, Madhab Manna ASR. 2007. Legume Effect for Enhancing Productivity and Nutrient Use-Efficiency in Major Cropping Systems – An Indian Perspective : A. Legume Effect for Enhancing Productivity and Nutrient Use-Efficiency in Major Cropping Systems – An Indian Perspective : A Revie. Journal of Sustanaible Agriculture 30(1), 59-86.
Black A, Walkley A. 1934. An examination of the digestion method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil science, Rothomsted Experimental Station (1), 1-10.
Ciećko Z, Kalembasa S, Wyszkowski M, Rolka E. 2004. Effect of Soil Contamination by Cadmium on Potassium Uptake by Plants, Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 13(3), 333–337.
County E. 2014. Office of the Controller of Budget , Embu County, Budget Implementation Review report first quarter FY 2013-2014, Kenya, 1-11.
County K. 2014. Kirinyaga county transition implementation plan, Office of the Governor, Kirinyaga county, KUTUS, Kenya, P.O. Box 260-10034, 1-64.
Fujita K. 1992. Biological nitrogen fixation in mixed legume- cereal cropping systems, Plant and Soil (141), 1-32.
Garg N, IRS. 2004. Nitrogen fixation and carbon metabolism in legume nodules, International Journal of Experimental Biology 42, 138–142.
Habineza M, Alice C, Gakuru S, Dushimimana C. 2016. Effet de l’innoculation au rhizobium et de la fertilisation au triple superphosphate sur le comportement de s varietés du soja, Annales de l’UNIGOM , Goma, DRC 2(6), 99–110.
Issahaku AR. 2010. Spatial arrangements and time of introduction an intercrop on the productivity of component crops in Maize- soybean intercropping systems, Master of Science in Agronomy Thesis, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology , Ghana, Accra 1-116.
Joëlle F, Fabien L, Stéphanie M, Jean-bernard C. 2010. Nitrogen rhizodeposition of legumes, Agronomy Sustainable Developpment 30, 57–66.
Fujita K, GOB, SO. 1992. Biological nitrogen fixation in mixed legume-cereal cropping systems, International Rice Research Institute Manila 141, 81-202.
Li X, Mu Y, Cheng Y. 2012. Effects of intercropping sugarcane and soybean on growth , rhizosphere soil microbes, nitrogen and phosphorus availability, Polish Academy of Science 10, 1-7.
Lithourgidis AS, Dordas CA, Damalas CA, Vlachostergios DN. 2011. Annual intercrops: An alternative pathway for sustainable agriculture. Australian Journal of Crop Science 5(4), 396–410.
Madimba, Makela MP. 1994. Nodulation et redement du soja Glycine max L. MERRILL inoculé par Bradyrhizobium japonicum dans differents systèmes de culture à Kombé-Brazzaville, congo, Journal tropicultura 5, 6-10.
Matusso JM, Mugwe J, Macheru-Muna M. 2012. Potential role of cereal-legume intercropping systems in integrated soil fertility management in smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa,Research Application Summary 00100, 1815–1843.
Matusso JMM. 2014. Effects of Maize – Soybean intercropping patterns on yields and soil properrties in two contrasting sites Embu and Meru counties, kenya, Master of Science in integrated Soil Fertility Management Thesis, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya 1-123.
Mosanto. 2014. Soybean Nodulation : Process and Failure How Nodules Are Formed ? Soybean Nodulation : Process and Failure When Inoculants Are Needed Technology Development and Agronomy 1, 5-6.
Murrell TS, Plant I. 1980. Why are Soil Test Potassium Levels so Variable over Time in the Corn Belt 2 . Time of Year 3 . Nutrient Uptake and Removal by Crops 2, 1–17.
Nagar RK, Goud VV, Kumar R, Kumar R. 2016. Effect of organic manures and crop residue management on physical , chemical and biological properties of soil under pigeonpea based intercropping system 6(1), 101–113.
Naresh RK, Tomar SS, Shahi UP, Singh SP, Singh B. 2014. Sustainability of maize-wheat cropping system by different legume intercropping and nitrogen level treatments on light distribution, soil temperature and crop productivity 8, 204–213.
Ndusha B. 2011. Effectivess of rhizobia strains isolated from South Kivu soils on growth of Soybeans. University of Nairobi, Department of Land Resource Management, Nairobi, Kenya, Msc. Thesis 1-111.
Owusu A, Sadick A. 2016. Assessment of Soil Nutrients under Maize Intercropping System Involving Soybean, International Research Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 1(3), 33-43.
Phiri AT, Njoloma JP, Kanyama-phiri GY, Lowole MW. 2013. Effects of intercropping systems and the application of Tundulu Rock phosphate on groundnut grain yield in Central Malawi, International Journal of Plant and Animal Sciences 1(1), 11–20.
Regehr A. 2014. Evaluation of maize and soybean intercropping on soil quality and nitrogen transformations in the Argentine Pampa,Master of Science in Environmental Studies Thesis, University of Waterloo, Antario, Canada 1-103.
Roy R, Finck A, Blair G, Tandon H. 2006. Nutrient management guidelines for some major field crops. Plant Nutrition for Food Security 8, 235- 349.
Roberts S, Vodraska RV, Kauffman MD, EHG. 1971. Methods of Soil, Analysis Used in â€TM the Soil Testing Laboratory at Oregon State University, Agricultural Experiment Station Oregon State University Corvallis 55(321), 1-41.
Sebetha E. 2015. The effect of maize- legume cropping system and nitrogen fertilisation on yield, soil organic carbon and moisture, Doctor of Philosophy in crop Science Thesis, University of Kwa Zulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa 1-271.
Sloger C. 1969. Symbiotic Effectiveness and N2 Fixation in Nodulated Soybean 577, 1666–1668.
Stagnari F, Maggio A, Galieni A, Pisante M. 2017. Multiple benefits of legumes for agriculture sustainability. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture 4(2), 1–13.
Terry N, Ulrich A. 1973. Effects of Potassium Deficiency on the Photosynthesis and Respiration of Leaves of Sugar Beet, Plant Pysiology 1(51), 783-786.
Van Reeuwijk L. 2002. Procedure for Soil Analysis. 6th Edition. International Soil Reference Center Wageningen. The Netherlands.: (ISRIC) Technical Paper 9, 1-120.
Wang ZG, Jin X, Bao XG, Li XF, Zhao JH, Sun JH, Li L. 2014. Intercropping enhances productivity and maintains the most soil fertility properties relative to sole cropping, journal pone 9(12), 1–24.
Wolkowski R, Lowery B. 2008. Soil compaction : Causes, concerns, and cures. Produced by Cooperative Extension Publishing of Wisconsin-Extension, University of Wisconsin-Extension, Madison, Rm. 231, WI 53706, (432), 1-8.
Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang J, Liu H, Liu S, Zhai L, Yin C. 2015. Row ratios of intercropping maize and soybean can affect agronomic efficiency of the system and subsequent wheat. ournal. pone 10(6), 1–16.
Habineza M. Jean Pierre, Josiah M. Kinama, Florence M. Olubayo, Susan W. Wanderi, James W. Muthomi, Felister M. Nzuve (2018), Effect of intercroping maize and soybean on soil fertility; IJAAR, V12, N2, February, P86-99
https://innspub.net/effect-of-intercroping-maize-and-soybean-on-soil-fertility/
Copyright © 2018
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0