Effects of pesticide residues in soil substrates on the biology cycle of Aedes aegypti from three different setting zones in Benin
Paper Details
Effects of pesticide residues in soil substrates on the biology cycle of Aedes aegypti from three different setting zones in Benin
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of insecticides residues in soil substrates on the biology cycle of Aedes aegypti, we conducted a study in three ecological zones: urban areas (Dandji, southern Benin with few agriculture activities), peri urban areas (Awaya, central of Benin with agriculture practices), and forests (Kaoura, northern Benin with few agriculture activities). These areas were chosen because they provided an ideal environment for the development of Aedes aegypti. The purpose of this study is to look for insecticide residues that may have detrimental impacts on the biology cycle of A. aegypti. Indirect bioassays were used to investigate the factors affecting mosquito larvae’s ability to develop normally at breeding sites, their rate of growth, and their ability to produce an adequate number of larvae. Due to the absence of an HPLC equipment for the direct detection of pesticide residues in samples, A. aegypti larvae at breeding sites were reconstituted using water and soil samples obtained at each study site. A comparison of the larval growth in test breeding locations was made using the reference strain SBE as a control. The different bioassays demonstrate the existence of inhibitory elements on test materials. In control samples, larval development was observed to be normal. However, when the breeding sites were established with just a few grams of soil samples from the three study sites, it was found that the A. aegypti eggs had a poor hatching rate, along with sluggish larval development and a low production of adult mosquitoes from hatched eggs. The findings of this study indicate that toxic substances that prevent A. aegypti eggs from hatching and larvae from growing are most likely leftover pesticides from agricultural operations. In order to quantify the toxic factors likely to affect the biology parameters of A. aegypti cited above, these results must be validated using HPLC techniques.
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